释义 |
cleft
cleftsplit; divided; a crack or crevice; an indentation between two parts, as of the chin Not to be confused with:clef – in music, a symbol on a staff showing the pitch of the notescleft C0399600 (klĕft)v.A past tense and a past participle of cleave1.adj.1. Divided; split.2. Botany Having indentations that extend about halfway to the center, as in certain leaves.n.1. A crack, crevice, or split.2. A split or indentation between two parts, as of the chin. [Middle English, past participle of cleven, to split; see cleave1. N., from Middle English, alteration (influenced by cleft) of clift, from Old English geclyft; see gleubh- in Indo-European roots.]cleft (klɛft) vb the past tense and a past participle of cleave1n1. (Geological Science) a fissure or crevice2. an indentation or split in something, such as the chin, palate, etcadj3. split; divided4. (Botany) (of leaves) having one or more incisions reaching nearly to the midrib[Old English geclyft (n); related to Old High German kluft tongs, German Kluft gap, fissure; see cleave1]cleft1 (klɛft) n. 1. a space or opening made by cleavage; a split. 2. a division formed by cleaving. 3. a hollow area or indentation: a chin with a cleft. [1300–50; Middle English clift, Old English (ge)clyft split, cracked, c. Old High German, Old Norse kluft; akin to cleave2] cleft2 (klɛft) v. 1. a pt. and pp. of cleave 2. adj. 2. cloven; split; divided. 3. (of plant parts, as a leaf) having divisions that extend more than halfway to the midrib or base. Cleft a group of stars [modern].cleft Past participle: clefted Gerund: clefting
Present |
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I cleft | you cleft | he/she/it clefts | we cleft | you cleft | they cleft |
Preterite |
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I clefted | you clefted | he/she/it clefted | we clefted | you clefted | they clefted |
Present Continuous |
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I am clefting | you are clefting | he/she/it is clefting | we are clefting | you are clefting | they are clefting |
Present Perfect |
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I have clefted | you have clefted | he/she/it has clefted | we have clefted | you have clefted | they have clefted |
Past Continuous |
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I was clefting | you were clefting | he/she/it was clefting | we were clefting | you were clefting | they were clefting |
Past Perfect |
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I had clefted | you had clefted | he/she/it had clefted | we had clefted | you had clefted | they had clefted |
Future |
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I will cleft | you will cleft | he/she/it will cleft | we will cleft | you will cleft | they will cleft |
Future Perfect |
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I will have clefted | you will have clefted | he/she/it will have clefted | we will have clefted | you will have clefted | they will have clefted |
Future Continuous |
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I will be clefting | you will be clefting | he/she/it will be clefting | we will be clefting | you will be clefting | they will be clefting |
Present Perfect Continuous |
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I have been clefting | you have been clefting | he/she/it has been clefting | we have been clefting | you have been clefting | they have been clefting |
Future Perfect Continuous |
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I will have been clefting | you will have been clefting | he/she/it will have been clefting | we will have been clefting | you will have been clefting | they will have been clefting |
Past Perfect Continuous |
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I had been clefting | you had been clefting | he/she/it had been clefting | we had been clefting | you had been clefting | they had been clefting |
Conditional |
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I would cleft | you would cleft | he/she/it would cleft | we would cleft | you would cleft | they would cleft |
Past Conditional |
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I would have clefted | you would have clefted | he/she/it would have clefted | we would have clefted | you would have clefted | they would have clefted | ThesaurusNoun | 1. | cleft - a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)indentation, indenture - a concave cut into a surface or edge (as in a coastline) | | 2. | cleft - a long narrow opening crack, scissure, crevice, fissurechap - a crack in a lip caused usually by coldchink - a narrow opening as e.g. between planks in a wallcrevasse - a deep fissurefatigue crack - a crack in metal resulting from metal fatiguefaulting, geological fault, fracture, break, fault, shift - (geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other; "they built it right over a geological fault"; "he studied the faulting of the earth's crust"opening, gap - an open or empty space in or between things; "there was a small opening between the trees"; "the explosion made a gap in the wall"rift - a narrow fissure in rockslit - a narrow fissuresplit - a lengthwise crack in wood; "he inserted the wedge into a split in the log"volcano, vent - a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt | Adj. | 1. | cleft - having one or more incisions reaching nearly to the midribdissectedcompound - composed of more than one part; "compound leaves are composed of several lobes; "compound flower heads" |
cleftnoun1. opening, break, crack, gap, rent, breach, fracture, rift, chink, crevice, fissure, cranny a narrow cleft in the rocks too small for a human to squeeze throughadjective1. split, separated, torn, rent, ruptured, cloven, riven, sundered, parted The cleft rock face seemed to move in the static noonday light.cleftnounA usually narrow partial opening caused by splitting and rupture:break, chink, cleavage, crack, crevice, fissure, rift, split.Translationscleft (kleft) noun an opening made by splitting. a cleft in the rocks. 裂縫 裂缝cleft
in a cleft stickIn a problematic or difficult situation; having only undesirable or unfavorable options from which to choose. (From the image of being wedged into a crack in a stick, unable to move.) Primarily heard in UK, Australia. Well, we're caught in a cleft stick now! Do we start pushing the car towards town, or hope that someone passes by with a can of petrol? With such unlikable candidates, the public has been left in a cleft stick.See also: cleft, stickbe in a cleft stickTo be in a problematic or difficult situation; to have only undesirable or unfavorable options from which to choose. The image is that of a snake being trapped with a V-shaped end of a stick. Primarily heard in UK, Australia. Well, we're in a cleft stick now! Do we start pushing the car towards town, or hope that someone passes by with a can of petrol? With such unlikable candidates, the public is really in a cleft stick.See also: cleft, stickin a cleft stick BRITISH, OLD-FASHIONEDIf you are in a cleft stick, you are in a difficult situation which you cannot solve easily. I'm in something of a cleft stick — whatever I do, I'll upset someone. Note: This expression may refer to the practice of trapping snakes by holding them down behind the head with a cleft stick (= stick that is Y-shaped at the end). See also: cleft, stickbe (or be caught) in a cleft stick be in a difficult situation, when any action you take will have adverse consequences. chiefly British Cleft is one of the forms of the past participle of cleave , in its basic meaning of ‘divide with a cutting blow’ or ‘split’. The other form still current in standard English is cloven , and the two words tend to be used in different contexts: we find a cleft stick and a cleft palate but a cloven hoof .See also: cleft, stickbe (caught) in a cleft ˈstick (informal) be in a difficult situation when any action you take will have bad results: I was in a cleft stick — my job was boring but I couldn’t move to another firm without losing my company pension.See also: cleft, stickcleft
cleft1. a fissure or crevice 2. (of leaves) having one or more incisions reaching nearly to the midrib cleft
cleft [kleft] 1. a fissure or longitudinal opening, especially one occurring during embryonic development.2. having such a fissure.branchial cleft 1. one of the slitlike openings in the gills of fish between the arches" >branchial arches.2. pharyngeal groove.facial cleft 1. any of the clefts between the embryonic prominences that normally unite to form the face.2. failure of union of one of these embryonic clefts; depending on the site, this causes such developmental defects as cleft cheek, cleft mandible, or cleft lip. Called also prosoposchisis.cleft lip (cleft palate) congenital fissure, or split, of the lip (cleft lip) or of the roof of the mouth (cleft palate); one or the other occurs in about one birth per thousand. Sometimes they are associated with clubfoot (talipes) or other anatomic defects. They have no connection with mental retardation. Although poor health of the mother during pregnancy may have some effect on the development of her child, the old superstition that psychologic experiences of the pregnant mother can cause cleft palate and cleft lip has no scientific basis. However, it is true that parents who were born with cleft palate or cleft lip are somewhat more likely than other parents to have children with these defects. Cleft palate and cleft lip result from failure of the two sides of the face to unite properly at an early stage of prenatal development. The defect may be limited to the outer flesh of the upper lip (the term harelip, suggesting the lip of a rabbit, is both inaccurate and unkind), or it may extend back through the midline of the upper jaw through the roof of the palate. Sometimes only the soft palate, located at the rear of the mouth, is involved. The infant with a cleft palate is unable to suckle properly, because the opening between mouth and nose through the palate prevents suction. Feeding must be done by other means, with a dropper, a cup, a spoon, or an obturator, a device inserted in the mouth to close the cleft while the baby is sucking. Cleft palate allows food to get into the nose, and it causes difficulty in chewing and swallowing. Later it will hinder speech, because consonants such as g, b, d, and f, which are normally formed by pressure against the roof of the mouth, are distorted by resonance in the nasal cavity. The cleft may also prevent movements of the soft palate essential in clear speech.Treatment. Treatment of cleft palate and cleft lip is by surgery, followed by measures to improve speech. A cleft palate should be reconstructed by plastic surgery when the child is about 18 months old, before he learns to talk. The corrective work usually requires only one operation. After surgery, the child often needs special training in speech to facilitate communication and maintain self-esteem. Cleft lip usually can be corrected by surgery when the child reaches a weight of 12 to 15 lb (5.4 to 7 kg), generally at the age of 2 to 3 months. Successful surgery often leaves only a thin scar and a greatly improved ability to form the p, b, and m sounds. A child born with a moderate degree of cleft palate or cleft lip can look forward to a life normal in appearance, speech, and manner if proper action is taken early. This means consulting and carefully following the advice of competent specialists in medicine, surgery, dentistry, and speech.Patient Care. The main concerns during the preoperative period are maintenance of adequate nutrition, prevention of respiratory infections, and speech therapy to prevent development of bad habits of speech. Postoperative care must be aimed at prevention of trauma to or infection of the operative site. The child is not allowed to lie prone until the incision is completely healed. Elbow restraints are used to keep the fingers and hands away from the mouth. The patient is usually fed with a special syringe with a rubber tip as long as only liquids are allowed. When a soft diet is prescribed, care must be taken that the spoon or other eating utensils do not damage the suture line. Mouth care is given frequently to keep the mouth clean and reduce the danger of infection. Dental caries often occurs in patients with cleft palate and regular visits to the dentist are needed. Tender loving care, always a part of pediatric care, is even more necessary when caring for these children. They must be reassured and kept quiet so that crying and restlessness do not undo the work done by the surgeon. (See Atlas 1, Part A.) A, Severe and B, mild form of cleft lip/palate. From Mueller et al., 2001.cleft (kleft), [TA] A fissure, groove.cleft (kleft) [TA] 1. A fissure or groove. 2. Divided structure. cleft (kleft) [TA] A fissure or, groove. CLEFT
Acronym | Definition |
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CLEFT➣Cleavage of Lateral Epitaxial Films for Transfer | CLEFT➣Collateral Ligament Extension-Flexion Test |
cleft Related to cleft: pudendal cleftSynonyms for cleftnoun openingSynonyms- opening
- break
- crack
- gap
- rent
- breach
- fracture
- rift
- chink
- crevice
- fissure
- cranny
adj splitSynonyms- split
- separated
- torn
- rent
- ruptured
- cloven
- riven
- sundered
- parted
Synonyms for cleftnoun a usually narrow partial opening caused by splitting and ruptureSynonyms- break
- chink
- cleavage
- crack
- crevice
- fissure
- rift
- split
Synonyms for cleftnoun a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)Related Wordsnoun a long narrow openingSynonyms- crack
- scissure
- crevice
- fissure
Related Words- chap
- chink
- crevasse
- fatigue crack
- faulting
- geological fault
- fracture
- break
- fault
- shift
- opening
- gap
- rift
- slit
- split
- volcano
- vent
adj having one or more incisions reaching nearly to the midribSynonymsRelated Words |