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DictionarySeecultureEnrichment Culture
enrichment culture[in′rich·mənt ‚kəl·chər] (microbiology) A medium of known composition and specific conditions of incubation which favors the growth of a particular type or species of bacterium. Enrichment Culture a culture containing microorganism cells grown on a selective nutrient medium. Enrichment cultures were proposed by the Russian microbiologist S. N. Vinogradskii. The special composition of the nutrient media creates conditions that promote the growth of microorganisms with certain physiological properties. For example, when soil, water, or sediment from a body of water is cultured on a medium containing glucose and several mineral salts but no nitrogen compounds, nitrogen-fixing microorganisms begin to grow in the culture. Enrichment cultures of bacteria that decompose cellulose can be obtained on a medium containing cellulose as the sole source of carbon. Enrichment cultures must always be prepared before pure cultures of the microorganisms can be isolated. They can be obtained in the presence of growth factors, such as vitamins and amino acids, by adding a smaller number of bacterial cells to the medium. As a result, four to ten times more microorganisms can be found in soil and water than when they are cultured on media lacking growth factors. A. A. IMSHENETSKII enrichment culture
culture [kul´cher] 1. the propagation of microorganisms or of living tissue cells in special media conducive to their growth.2. to induce such propagation.3. the product of such propagation.4. the shared values, beliefs, and practices of a particular group of people, which are transmitted from one generation to the next and are identified as patterns that guide the thinking and action of the group members. adj., adj cul´tural.cell culture the maintenance or growth of animal cells in vitro, or a culture of such cells.blood culture microbiologic examination of a blood sample to check for presence of microorganisms.continuous flow culture the cultivation of bacteria in a continuous flow of fresh medium to maintain bacterial growth in logarithmic phase.enrichment culture one grown on a medium, usually liquid, that has been supplemented to encourage the growth of a given type of organism.hanging-drop culture a culture in which the material to be cultivated is inoculated into a drop of fluid attached to a coverglass inverted over a hollow slide.primary culture a cell or tissue culture made by direct transfer from a natural source to an artificial medium.selective culture one grown on a medium, usually solid, that has been supplemented to encourage the growth of a single species of microorganism. It may also include substances that inhibit the growth of other species.shake culture a culture made by inoculating warm liquid agar culture medium in a tube and shaking to distribute contents evenly. Incubation of the resolidified culture allows the development of separated colonies; especially adaptable to obligate anaerobes.slant culture one made on the surface of solidified medium in a tube which has been tilted to provide a greater surface area for growth.culture-specific syndrome folk illnesses that are unique to a particular culture or geographical area. Each illness has a cluster of symptoms, signs, and behavioral changes that are recognized by members of the culture; usually, they also have a range of symbolic meanings and culturally agreed-upon treatments. Anorexia nervosa and Type A behavior pattern are examples of syndromes specific to industrialized cultures.stab culture a culture into which the organisms are introduced by thrusting a needle deep into the medium.streak culture a culture in which the surface of a solid medium is inoculated by drawing across it, in a zig-zag fashion, a wire inoculating loop carrying the inoculum.suspension culture a culture in which cells multiply while suspended in a suitable medium.tissue culture the maintaining or growing of tissue, organ primordia, or the whole or part of an organ in vitro so as to preserve its architecture and function.type culture a culture of a species of microorganism usually maintained in a central collection of type cultures.e·lec·tive cul·turea method of isolating microorganisms capable of using a specific substrate by incubating an inoculum in a medium containing the substrate; the medium usually contains substances or has characteristics that inhibit the growth of unwanted microorganisms. Synonym(s): enrichment cultureenrichment culture a technique for isolating an organism from a mixed culture by manipulating the growth conditions in its favour and to the detriment of other organisms. |