请输入您要查询的英文单词:

 

单词 diazonium salts
释义

Diazonium Salts


diazonium salts

[‚dī·ə′zō·nē·əm ′sȯls] (organic chemistry) Compounds of the type R·X·N:N, where R represents an alkyl or aryl group and X represents an anion such as a halide.

Diazonium Salts

 

organic nitrogenous compounds of the general formula Diazonium Salts (where Ar is an aromatic or heterocyclic radical; X is the residue of a strong acid such as HSO4-, Cl-, or BF4-). Diazonium salts are usually produced by the diazotization reaction: NaNO2 acts on aromatic amines in an excess of strong acid, for example,

Almost all diazonium salts are solids; they are colorless or yellowish and readily soluble in water. They are highly reactive and therefore cannot be stored for long periods in aqueous solutions or as solids. In an acidic medium, diazonium salts break down (slowly in the cold and rapidly upon heating) into oxy compounds, nitrogen, and acid:

In solid form diazonium salts are explosive; they are usually processed in solution or suspension without isolation. Stable diazonium boron fluorides, Diazonium Salts, which are produced by the interaction of an alcohol solution of aromatic amine and fluoboric acid with nitrous acid esters (such as amyl nitrite), are an exception. Stable dry diazonium salts can be produced in the form of double salts (diazoles).

Nitrogen coupling, which is used to produce azo dyes, is the most important reaction of diazonium salts. Other reactions of diazonium salts, such as replacement of the diazo group with hydrogen, halogens, and other substances, are used in technology.

REFERENCES

Vorozhtsov, N. N. Osnovy sinteza promezhutochnykh produktov i krasitelei, 4th ed. Moscow, 1955.
Zollinger, H. Khimiia azokrasitelei. Leningrad, 1960. (Translated from German.)

E. S. LISITSYNA

diazonium salts


di·a·zo·ni·um salts

salts of a theoretical base, R- N + ΞN or R-N=NOH, useful in histochemistry to demonstrate tissue phenols and aryl amines or with enzymatically released naphthols and naphthylamines to form the chromophore azo group -N=N-; diazonium salts contain only one R- N + ΞN group, tetrazonium salts contain two, and hexazonium salts contain three; examples include fast garnet GBC base and naphthol AS.
随便看

 

英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条,基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法,是英语学习的有利工具。

 

Copyright © 2004-2022 Newdu.com All Rights Reserved
更新时间:2025/3/4 4:31:57