DDT
DDT
D0050600 (dē′dē-tē′)DDT
DDT
DDT
(dē′dē-tē′)DDT
| Noun | 1. |  DDT - an insecticide that is also toxic to animals and humans; banned in the United States since 1972 |
| 单词 | ddt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 | DDTDDTD0050600 (dē′dē-tē′)DDTDDTDDT(dē′dē-tē′)DDT
DDTDDTor 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1,-trichloroethane, chlorinated hydrocarbon compound used as an insecticideinsecticides,chemical, biological, or other agents used to destroy insect pests; the term commonly refers to chemical agents only. Chemical Insecticides The modern history of chemical insecticides in the United States dates from 1867, when Paris green proved ..... Click the link for more information. . First introduced during the 1940s, it killed insects that spread disease and fed on crops, and Swiss scientist Paul MüllerMüller, Paul Hermann , 1899–1965, Swiss chemist, Ph.D. Univ. of Basel, 1925. He worked as a research scientist with J. R. Geigy A.G. in Basel, Switzerland. Muller won the 1948 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for discovering (1939) that DDT was an effective ..... Click the link for more information. was awarded the 1948 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering (1939) DDT's insecticidal properties. DDT, however, is toxic to many animals, including humans, and it is not easily degraded into nonpoisonous substances and can remain in the environment and the food chain for prolonged periods. By the 1960s its harmful effects on the reproductive systems of fish and birds were apparent in the United States, where the insecticide had been heavily used for agricultural purposes. After the United States banned its use in 1972, the affected wildlife population recovered, particularly the bald eagle and the osprey. Nevertheless, DDT use continues in parts of the world, particularly in tropical regions, to control the mosquitoes that spread malariamalaria, infectious parasitic disease that can be either acute or chronic and is frequently recurrent. Malaria is common in Africa, Central and South America, the Mediterranean countries, Asia, and many of the Pacific islands. ..... Click the link for more information. . In 2001 the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants called for the phasing out of DDT once a cost-effective alternative becomes available. BibliographySee D. Kinkela, DDT and the American Century (2011). DDTDDTDDT(1)DDT(2)DDT(3)Historical footnote: DDT was developed at MIT for thePDP-1 computer in 1961. At that time DDT stood for "DECDebugging Tape". Since then, the idea of an on-line debuggingprogram has propagated throughout the computer industry. DDTprograms are now available for all DEC computers. Since mediaother than tape are now frequently used, the more descriptivename "Dynamic Debugging Technique" has been adopted, retainingthe DDT abbreviation. Confusion between DDT-10 and anotherwell known pesticide, dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane(C14-H9-Cl5) should be minimal since each attacks a different,and apparently mutually exclusive, class of bugs. (The "tape" referred to was, incidentally, not magnetic butpaper.) Sadly, this quotation was removed from later editionsof the handbook after the suits took over and DEC becamemuch more "businesslike". The history above is known to many old-time hackers. Butthere's more: Peter Samson, compiler of the original TMRClexicon, reports that he named "DDT" after a similar tool onthe TX-0 computer, the direct ancestor of the PDP-1 built atMIT's Lincoln Lab in 1957. The debugger on thatground-breaking machine (the first transistorised computer)rejoiced in the name FLIT (FLexowriter Interrogation Tape). DDTDDT[dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane]DDTDDT(dē′dē-tē′)DDTA gene on chromosome 22q11.23 that encodes an enzyme belonging to the MIF family which converts D-dopachrome into 5,6-dihydroxyindole.DDTDichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane Environment A highly hepatotoxic and potentially neurotoxic insecticide that accumulates in fat; DDT is non-biodegradable and concentrates up the food chain. See Pesticide.DDTDDTDichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane. This highly effective insecticide kills flies, mosquitos, lice, butterflies, moths and beetles. The use of DDT has saved millions of human lives that would otherwise have been lost from MALARIA, YELLOW FEVER, TYPHUS, PLAGUE, river blindness (ONCHOCERCIASIS), DYSENTERY, SLEEPING SICKNESS and FILARIASIS. For ecological reasons it has now been largely replaced by organophosphorous insecticides such as Malathion, Parathion and Paraquat.DDTabbrev. (d ichlorod iphenyl-t richloroethane) a chlorinated hydrocarbon which acts as a powerful insecticide with long-lasting effects. DDT was the first major insecticide in use. Although DDT is cheap to manufacture, its use has adverse ecological consequences. Its lack of biodegradability and the fact that it tends to accumulate in fatty tissues has resulted in its transfer from one consumer to another up the FOOD CHAIN becoming concentrated at each step. One effect of this has been to endanger the top carnivorous birds whose eggshells have become paper-thin because DDT has prevented the mobilization of calcium in the oviduct, so reducing the reproductive potential of many rare species. While these processes have been occurring the target insects have been subjected to strong SELECTION pressure from the DDT, with the result that highly resistant populations now exist, making the insecticide useless in many parts of the world.DDT
DDT
Synonyms for DDT
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