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单词 beta particle
释义

beta particle


beta particle

n. An electron or positron, especially one emitted at high energy in the decay of certain radioactive nuclei.

beta particle

n (General Physics) a high-speed electron or positron emitted by a nucleus during radioactive decay or nuclear fission

be′ta par`ticle


n. an electron or positron emitted from an atomic nucleus in beta decay. [1900–05]

beta particle

A high-speed electron emitted by an atomic nucleus undergoing radioactive decay. A beta particle is created when a neutron becomes a proton. Beta particles have greater speed and penetrating power than alpha particles. ♦ The process by which a neutron becomes a proton and emits an electron is called beta decay. Beta decay results in the atomic number of an element being increased by one and its mass number staying the same. See more at radiation, radioactive decay.

beta particle

An electron emitted by an isotope undergoing radioactive decay.
Thesaurus
Noun1.beta particle - a high-speed electron or positron emitted in the decay of a radioactive isotopesubatomic particle, particle - a body having finite mass and internal structure but negligible dimensions

beta particle


beta particle,

one of the three types of radiation resulting from natural radioactivityradioactivity,
spontaneous disintegration or decay of the nucleus of an atom by emission of particles, usually accompanied by electromagnetic radiation. The energy produced by radioactivity has important military and industrial applications.
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. Beta radiation (or beta rays) was identified and named by E. Rutherford, who found that it consists of high-speed electronselectron,
elementary particle carrying a unit charge of negative electricity. Ordinary electric current is the flow of electrons through a wire conductor (see electricity). The electron is one of the basic constituents of matter.
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. Unlike alpha and gamma particles, whose energy can be explained as the difference of the energies of the radioactive nucleus before and after emission, beta particles emerge with a variable energy. This apparent violation of the law of conservation of energy (see conservation lawsconservation laws,
in physics, basic laws that together determine which processes can or cannot occur in nature; each law maintains that the total value of the quantity governed by that law, e.g., mass or energy, remains unchanged during physical processes.
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) led to the hypothesis that a second undetected particle, the neutrinoneutrino
[Ital.,=little neutral (particle)], elementary particle with no electric charge and a very small mass emitted during the decay of certain other particles. The neutrino was first postulated in 1930 by Wolfgang Pauli in order to maintain the law of conservation of energy
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, is emitted along with the electron and shares the total available energy. In some forms of induced, or artificial, radioactivity, the electron's antiparticleantiparticle,
elementary particle corresponding to an ordinary particle such as the proton, neutron, or electron, but having the opposite electrical charge and magnetic moment.
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, the positron, is emitted from the excited nucleus; the positron in this case is also called a beta particle and denoted by β+ (the ordinary beta particle is β).

beta particle

An energetic electron or positron ejected by beta decay.

beta particle

[′bād·ə ‚pard·ə·kəl] (nuclear physics) An electron or positron emitted from a nucleus during beta decay.

beta particle

Physics a high-speed electron or positron emitted by a nucleus during radioactive decay or nuclear fission

beta particle


be·ta par·ti·cle

an electron, either positively (positron, β+) or negatively (negatron, β-) charged, emitted during beta decay of a radionuclide.
See also: cathode rays.
Synonym(s): beta ray

beta particle

An ionising electron or positron which is emitted from decaying radioactive nuclei during beta decay or beta emission. Beta particles are equal in mass and charge to electrons.
FinancialSeeBeta

beta particle


Related to beta particle: Gamma particle
  • noun

Words related to beta particle

noun a high-speed electron or positron emitted in the decay of a radioactive isotope

Related Words

  • subatomic particle
  • particle
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