ciliary ganglion

ganglion

 [gang´gle-on] (pl. gan´glia, ganglions) (Gr.) 1. a knot or knotlike mass; in anatomic nomenclature, a group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system. The term is occasionally applied to certain nuclear groups within the brain or spinal cord, such as the basal ganglia.2. a form of cystic tumor occurring on an aponeurosis or tendon, as in the wrist. adj., adj gan´glial, ganglion´ic.Ganglion. From Frazier et al., 2000.autonomic ganglia aggregations of cell bodies of neurons of the autonomic nervous system; the parasympathetic and the sympathetic ganglia combined.basal ganglia basal nuclei.cardiac ganglia ganglia of the superficial cardiac plexus under the arch of the aorta.carotid ganglion an occasional small enlargement in the internal carotid plexus.celiac ganglia two irregularly shaped ganglia, one on each crus of the diaphragm within the celiac plexus.cerebrospinal ganglia those associated with the cranial and spinal nerves.cervical ganglion 1. any of the three ganglia (inferior, middle, and superior) of the sympathetic trunk in the neck region.2. one near the cervix uteri.cervicothoracic ganglion a ganglion on the sympathetic trunk anterior to the lowest cervical or first thoracic vertebra. It is formed by a union of the seventh and eighth cervical and first thoracic ganglia. Called also stellate ganglion.cervicouterine ganglion one near the cervix uteri.ciliary ganglion a parasympathetic ganglion in the posterior part of the orbit.cochlear ganglion the sensory ganglion located within the spiral canal of the modiolus. It consists of bipolar cells that send fibers peripherally to the organ of Corti and centrally to the cochlear nuclei of the brainstem. Called also spiral ganglion and Corti's ganglion.Corti's ganglion cochlear ganglion.craniospinal ganglia collections of sensory neurons that form nodular enlargements on the dorsal roots of the spinal nerves and on the sensory roots of cranial nerves.dorsal root ganglion spinal ganglion.false ganglion an enlargement of a nerve that does not have a true ganglionic structure.Frankenhäuser's ganglion cervical ganglion (def. 2).gasserian ganglion trigeminal ganglion.geniculate ganglion the sensory ganglion of the facial nerve, on the geniculum of the facial nerve.ganglion im´par a ganglion commonly found on the front of the coccyx, where the sympathetic trunks of the two sides unite.inferior ganglion 1. the lower of two ganglia of the glossopharyngeal nerve as it passes through the jugular foramen.2. the lower of two ganglia of the vagus nerve as it passes through the jugular foramen.jugular ganglion superior ganglion (defs. 1 and 2).Ludwig's ganglion a ganglion near the right atrium of the heart, connected with the cardiac plexus.lumbar ganglia the ganglia on the sympathetic trunk, usually four or five on either side.lymphatic ganglion lymph node" >lymph node.otic ganglion a parasympathetic ganglion next to the medial surface of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, just inferior to the foramen ovale. Its postganglionic fibers supply the parotid gland.parasympathetic ganglia aggregations of cell bodies of cholinergic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system; these ganglia are located near to or within the wall of the organs being innervated. See also Plates.petrous ganglion inferior ganglion (def. 1).pterygopalatine ganglion a parasympathetic ganglion in a fossa in the sphenoid bone, formed by postganglionic cell bodies that synapse with preganglionic fibers from the fascial nerve via the nerve of the pterygopalatine canal. Called also sphenopalatine ganglion.sacral ganglia those of the sacral part of the sympathetic trunk, usually three or four on either side.Scarpa's ganglion vestibular ganglion.semilunar ganglion 1. trigeminal ganglion.2. [pl.] celiac ganglia.sensory ganglion any of the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system that transmit sensory impulses; also, the collective masses of nerve cell bodies in the brain subserving sensory functions.simple ganglion a cystic tumor in a tendon sheath.sphenopalatine ganglion pterygopalatine ganglion.spinal ganglion the cerebrospinal ganglion on the dorsal root of each spinal nerve; called also dorsal root ganglion.spiral ganglion cochlear ganglion.stellate ganglion cervicothoracic ganglion.submandibular ganglion a parasympathetic ganglion located superior to the deep part of the submandibular gland, on the lateral surface of the hyoglossal muscle; its postganglionic fibers supply the sublingual and submandibular glands.superior ganglion 1. the upper of two ganglia on the glossopharyngeal nerve as it passes through the jugular foramen.2. the upper of two ganglia of the vagus nerve just as it passes through the jugular foramen. Called also jugular ganglion.sympathetic ganglia aggregations of cell bodies of adrenergic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system; these ganglia are arranged in chainlike fashion on either side of the spinal cord. See also Plates.thoracic ganglia the ganglia on the thoracic portion of the sympathetic trunk, 11 or 12 on either side.trigeminal ganglion a ganglion on the sensory root of the fifth cranial nerve, situated in a cleft within the dura mater on the anterior surface of the pars petrosa of the temporal bone, and giving off the ophthalmic and maxillary and part of the mandibular nerve. Called also gasserian or semilunar ganglion.tympanic ganglion an enlargement on the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve.vestibular ganglion the sensory ganglion of the vestibular part of the eighth cranial nerve, located in the upper part of the lateral end of the internal acoustic meatus. Called also Scarpa's ganglion.Walther's ganglion glomus coccygeum.Wrisberg's ganglia cardiac ganglia.wrist ganglion cystic enlargement of a tendon sheath on the back of the wrist.

cil·i·ar·y gan·gli·on

[TA] a small parasympathetic ganglion lying in the orbit between the optic nerve and the lateral rectus muscle; it receives presynaptic fibers from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus by way of the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III); the postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons that comprise the ciliary ganglion give rise to fibers that innervate the ciliary muscle and the sphincter of the iris (sphincter pupillae muscle). Synonym(s): ganglion ciliare [TA], lenticular ganglion, Schacher ganglion

ciliary ganglion

A minute (1- to 2-mm) cluster of neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system located immediately behind the eyeball, which innervates the ciliary muscle and the pupillary sphincter.

cil·i·ar·y gan·gli·on

(sil'ē-ar-ē gang'glē-ŏn) [TA] A small parasympathetic ganglion lying in the orbit between the optic nerve and the lateral rectus muscle; it receives preganglionic innervation from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus by way of the oculomotor nerve, and in turn gives rise to postganglionic fibers that innervate the ciliary muscle and the sphincter of the iris (sphincter pupillae muscle).

Schacher,

Polycarp G., German physician, 1674-1737. Schacher ganglion - a small parasympathetic ganglion lying in the orbit between the optic nerve and the lateral rectus muscle. Synonym(s): ciliary ganglion

injection

1. A state of visible hyperaemia due to dilatation and engorgement of the small blood vessels. 2. The act of introducing a drug into the body.
ciliary injection Redness (almost lilac) around the limbus of the eye caused by dilatation of the deeper small blood vessels located around the cornea. It occurs in inflammation of the cornea, iris and ciliary body, and in angle-closure glaucoma. Each of these conditions is associated with loss of vision and usually pain. Syn. ciliary flush. See ocular decongestant; red eye; pericorneal plexus.
conjunctival injection Redness (bright red or pink) of the conjunctiva fading towards the limbus due to dilatation of the superficial conjunctival blood vessels occurring in conjunctival inflammations. There is no loss of vision but ocular discomfort and no pain. See ocular decongestant; red eye; thyroid ophthalmopathy; pericorneal plexus.
intravitreal injection Injection into the eye posterior to the limbus and directed towards the vitreous. It may be used to administer medication, corticosteroids (e.g. triamcinolone), an antiviral agent (e.g. ganciclovir) in extremely severe ocular inflammations, usually of a purulent nature, to inject antibiotics (e.g. amikacin, ceftazidime, vancomycin) immediately after vitrectomy, or to inject anti-VEGF drugs in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration.
peribulbar injection Injection of a local anaesthetic (e.g. bupivacaine, lidocaine, procaine) around the globe (either single or multiple injections) to produce anaesthesia of the globe and periocular tissues, as well as paralysis of the extraocular muscles. Peribulbar injection may also be used to administer medication (e.g. corticosteroids) in posterior segment inflammation. Syn. peribulbar block.
retrobulbar injection Injection of a local anaesthetic into the muscle cone behind the eye to produce anaesthesia of the globe and periocular tissues, as well as paralysis of the extraocular muscles. It is used less commonly than peribulbar block. Syn. retrobulbar block.
subconjunctival injection A method of administering medication (e.g. antibiotics, corticosteroids, mydriatics) postoperatively, or in acute anterior segment inflammations. An area of conjunctiva away from the limbus is lifted to form a bleb and an injection is made into it.
sub-Tenon's injection Injection of a local anaesthetic near or beyond the equator using a cannula, which has been inserted under the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule a few mm from the limbus and slid posteriorly to produce anaesthesia of the globe as well as paralysis of the extraocular muscles. A sub-Tenon's injection may also be used to administer medication (e.g. corticosteroids) in posterior segment inflammation.

cil·i·ar·y gan·gli·on

(sil'ē-ar-ē gang'glē-ŏn) [TA] A small parasympathetic ganglion lying in the orbit between the optic nerve and the lateral rectus muscle.