| 释义 |
back down
back 1 B0009500 (băk)n.1. a. The part of the trunk of the human body along and to the sides of the spine between the neck and the pelvis; the dorsum.b. The analogous dorsal region in other animals.2. The backbone or spine.3. The part or area farthest from the front.4. The part opposite to or behind that adapted for view or use: the back of the hand; wrote on the back of the photograph.5. The reverse side, as of a coin.6. A part that supports or strengthens from the rear: the back of a couch.7. a. The part of a book where the pages are stitched or glued together into the binding.b. The binding itself.8. Sports a. A player who takes a position behind the front line of other players in certain games, such as football and soccer.b. In swimming, backstroke.v. backed, back·ing, backs v.tr.1. To cause to move backward or in a reverse direction: Back the car up and then make the turn.2. To furnish or strengthen with a back or backing.3. a. To provide with financial or material support: Unions backed the pro-labor candidate.b. To lend moral support to, as by corroborating a claim. Often used with up: I'm not comfortable filing a complaint if you won't back me up.c. To be in favor of; endorse or advocate: backed the reform proposal. See Synonyms at support.4. To provide with musical accompaniment. Often used with up.5. To bet or wager on.6. To adduce evidence in support of; substantiate: backed the argument with facts.7. To form the back or background of: Snowcapped mountains back the village.v.intr.1. To move backward: backed out of the garage.2. To shift to a counterclockwise direction. Used of the wind.adj.1. Located or placed in the rear: Deliveries should be made at the back entrance.2. Distant from a center of activity; remote.3. Of a past date; not current: a back issue of a periodical.4. Being owed or due from an earlier time; in arrears: back pay.5. Being in a backward direction: a back step.6. Linguistics Pronounced with the back of the tongue, as oo in cool. Used of vowels.adv.1. At, to, or toward the rear or back.2. In, to, or toward a former location: went back for the class reunion.3. In, to, or toward a former condition: When the spell broke, the prince turned back into a frog.4. In, to, or toward a past time: This story goes back to the 1920s.5. In reserve or concealment: We kept back some money for emergencies.6. In check or under restraint: Barriers held the crowd back.7. In reply or return: emailed back that he would be late.Phrasal Verbs: back away To withdraw from a position; retreat. back down To withdraw from a position, opinion, or commitment. back off To retreat or draw away. back out1. To withdraw from something before completion.2. To fail to keep a commitment or promise. back up1. To cause to accumulate or undergo accumulation: The accident backed the traffic up for blocks. Traffic backed up in the tunnel.2. Computers To make a backup of (a program or file).Idioms: back and fill1. Nautical To maneuver a vessel in a narrow channel by adjusting the sails so as to let the wind in and out of them in alteration.2. To vacillate in one's actions or decisions. back to back Consecutively and without interruption: presented three speeches back to back. behind (one's) back In one's absence or without one's knowledge. have got (someone's) back To be prepared or ready to support or vouch for someone, as in a crisis. have (one's) back up To be angry or irritated. off (someone's) back No longer nagging or urging someone to do something. on (someone's) back Persistently nagging or urging someone to do something.
[Middle English bak, from Old English bæc.]
back′less adj.
back 2 B0009500 (băk)n. A shallow vat or tub used chiefly by brewers.
[Dutch bak, from French bac, from Old French, boat, from Vulgar Latin *baccus, vessel, probably of Celtic origin.]back down vb 1. (intr, adverb) to withdraw an earlier claim 2. (Rowing) (tr) rowing to cause (a boat) to move backwards by pushing rather than pulling on the oars n abandonment of an earlier claim Thesaurus| Verb | 1. | back down - move backwards from a certain position; "The bully had to back down"back off, back updraw back, move back, pull away, pull back, recede, retreat, withdraw, retire - pull back or move away or backward; "The enemy withdrew"; "The limo pulled away from the curb" | | 2. |  back down - remove oneself from an obligation; "He bowed out when he heard how much work was involved"bow out, chicken out, back off, pull outretire, withdraw - lose interest; "he retired from life when his wife died"pull out, get out - move out or away; "The troops pulled out after the cease-fire"resile - pull out from an agreement, contract, statement, etc.; "The landlord cannot resile from the lease" |
backnounThe part or area farthest from the front:rear, rearward.verb1. To move in a reverse direction:backpedal, backtrack, fall back, retreat, retrocede, retrograde, retrogress.Idiom: retrace one's steps.2. To supply capital to or for:capitalize, finance, fund, grubstake, stake, subsidize.Informal: bankroll.Idiom: put up money for.3. To aid the cause of by approving or favoring:advocate, champion, endorse, get behind, plump for, recommend, side with, stand behind, stand by, support, uphold.Idioms: align oneself with, go to bat for, take the part of.4. To present evidence in support of.Also used with up:buttress, corroborate, substantiate.5. To assure the certainty or validity of.Also used with up:attest, authenticate, bear out, confirm, corroborate, evidence, justify, substantiate, testify (to), validate, verify, warrant.phrasal verb
back down or out
To abandon a former position or commitment:renege, retreat.Slang: cop out, fink out.adjective1. Located in the rear:hind, hindmost, posterior, postern, rear.Nautical: after.2. Far from centers of human population:insular, isolated, lonely, lonesome, obscure, outlying, out-of-the-way, remote, removed, secluded, solitary.Idiom: off the beaten path.adverb1. Toward the back:about, around, backward, backwards, rearward.2. In or toward a former location or condition:about, around, backward, backwards, rearward, round.Translationsback (bӕk) noun1. in man, the part of the body from the neck to the bottom of the spine. She lay on her back. （人）背部 （人）背部 2. in animals, the upper part of the body. She put the saddle on the horse's back. （動物）背部 （动物）背部，后面 3. that part of anything opposite to or furthest from the front. the back of the house; She sat at the back of the hall. 背面 背面4. in football, hockey etc a player who plays behind the forwards. （足球等的）後衛 （足球等的）后卫 adjective of or at the back. the back door. 後面的 后面的 adverb1. to, or at, the place or person from which a person or thing came. I went back to the shop; He gave the car back to its owner. 回原處 回原处2. away (from something); not near (something). Move back! Let the ambulance get to the injured man; Keep back from me or I'll hit you! 退開 后退3. towards the back (of something). Sit back in your chair. 往後 向后4. in return; in response to. When the teacher is scolding you, don't answer back. 回覆 答复5. to, or in, the past. Think back to your childhood. 回溯 回溯 verb1. to (cause to) move backwards. He backed (his car) out of the garage. 倒退 倒退2. to help or support. Will you back me against the others? 支持 支持3. to bet or gamble on. I backed your horse to win. 打賭或下賭注 下赌注在...上ˈbacker noun a person who supports someone or something, especially with money. the backer of the new theatre. 贊助人，支持者 赞助人，支持者 ˈbackbite verb to criticize a person when he is not present. 背後批評 背后说人坏话ˈbackbiting nounConstant backbiting by her colleagues led to her resignation. 背後中傷 诽谤ˈbackbone noun1. the spine. the backbone of a fish. 背脊 脊骨2. the chief support. The older employees are the backbone of the industry. 主要支柱 主要支柱ˈbackbreaking adjective (of a task etc) very difficult or requiring very hard work. Digging the garden is a backbreaking job. 繁重的，累人的 非常辛劳的，艰苦繁重的 ˌbackˈdate verb1. to put an earlier date on (a cheque etc). He should have paid his bill last month and so he has backdated the cheque. 在(支票)上填上先前的日期 在（支票）上书写更早的日期 2. to make payable from a date in the past. Our rise in pay was backdated to April. 從過去某個時點開始支付 自过去某时起支付ˌbackˈfire verb1. (of a motor-car etc) to make a loud bang because of unburnt gases in the exhaust system. The car backfired. (汽車引擎)回火 （汽车）回火 2. (of a plan etc) to have unexpected results, often opposite to the intended results. His scheme backfired (on him), and he lost money. 得到適得其反的結果 产生事与愿违的结果ˈbackground noun1. the space behind the principal or most important figures or objects of a picture etc. He always paints ships against a background of stormy skies; trees in the background of the picture. 背景 背景2. happenings that go before, and help to explain, an event etc. the background to a situation. 背景情況 背景情况3. a person's origins, education etc. She was ashamed of her humble background. 經歷，學歷 经历，学历 ˈbackhand noun1. in tennis etc, a stroke or shot with the back of one's hand turned towards the ball. a clever backhand; His backhand is very strong. (網球等的)反手擊球 （网球等的）反手击球 2. writing with the letters sloping backwards. I can always recognize her backhand. 左斜體筆跡 左斜体书法 adverb using backhand. She played the stroke backhand; She writes backhand. 反手地 反手地ˈbacklog noun a pile of uncompleted work etc which has collected. a backlog of orders because of the strike. 積壓的工作 积压的工作ˌback-ˈnumber noun an out-of-date copy or issue of a magazine etc. He collects back-numbers of comic magazines. 過期的期刊 过期的报刊ˈbackpack noun (especially American) a bag that walkers, people who go on trips, or students carry on their backs. 背包 背包ˈbackpacking: go backpacking to go on trips or go camping carrying a backpack. 揹著背包旅行或露營 背包旅行或露营ˈbackpacker noun 揹著背包旅行或露營的人，背包客 背包旅行或露营者ˈbackside noun the bottom or buttocks. He sits on his backside all day long and does no work. 臀部 屁股，臀部 ˈbackslash noun the sign (\\). 反斜線 反斜线符号ˈbackstroke noun in swimming, a stroke made when lying on one's back in the water. The child is good at backstroke. 仰泳 仰泳ˈbackup noun1. additional people who provide help when it is needed. The police officer requested some backup when the shooting began. 後備人員 后援，后备者 2. a copy of a computer file that can be used in case the original is destroyed. (電腦檔案)備份 备份文件3. (also adjective) a piece of equipment, a system etc that can be used when there is a problem with the original one. a backup plan; We have a backup generator in case the power fails. 備用(設備或系統等) 备份的，备用的 ˈbackwash noun1. a backward current eg that following a ship's passage through the water. the backwash of the steamer. 船行經水面後形成的回流 由船等运动引起的逆流2. the unintentional results of an action, situation etc. The backwash of that firm's financial troubles affected several other firms. 無心造成的結果 反响ˈbackwater noun1. a stretch of river not in the main stream. 河川某段水流受阻所形成的回水 回流2. a place not affected by what is happening in the world outside. That village is rather a backwater. 與世隔絕的地方 闭塞的地方，與世隔絕的地方 ˌbackˈyard noun (especially American) a garden at the back of a house etc. He grows vegetables in his backyard. 後院 后院back down to give up one's opinion, claim etc. She backed down in the face of strong opposition. 放棄(己見、要求等)，讓步 放弃（观点），退让 back of (American) behind. He parked back of the store. 在...的後方 在...的后部back on to (of a building etc) to have its back next to (something). My house backs on to the racecourse. 背對著 背对著back out1. to move out backwards. He opened the garage door and backed (his car) out. 倒退移出 倒出2. to withdraw from a promise etc. You promised to help – you mustn't back out now! 收回(承諾)，食言 收回（承诺） back up1. to support or encourage. The new evidence backed up my arguments. 支持 支持2. to make a copy of the information stored on the computer or disk. 備份 备份have one's back to the wall to be in a very difficult or desperate situation. He certainly has his back to the wall as he has lost his job and cannot find another one. 進退維谷 处于绝境put someone's back up to anger someone. He put my back up with his boasting. 激怒（某人） 激怒（某人） take a back seat to take an unimportant position. At these discussions he always takes a back seat and listens to others talking. 退居第二線 处于次要地位，谦让 back down
back downTo retreat from a particular idea or course of action, often in a conflict. I refuse to back down—this law must be passed, in the interest of public safety. The bully backed down after all of my friends came with me to confront him.See also: back, downback down (something)to go down something backwards, such as a ladder or inclined driveway. Harry backed down the ladder safely. Looking behind him, he backed down slowly.See also: back, downback down(from someone or something) to yield to a person or a thing; to fail to carry through on a threat. Jane backed down from her position on the budget. It's probably better to back down from this situation; looks like you are at a disadvantage.See also: back, downback down(on something) to lessen or drop an earlier rigid position on something; to yield something in an argument. She backed down on her demands. In the end, she backed down.See also: back, downback down1. Reverse one's upward course, descend. For example, When she saw the wasps' nest on the roof, she hastily backed down the ladder. This literal usage usually refers to something one has climbed, such as a ladder or mountain. [Mid-1800s] 2. Also, back off. Retreat or yield. For example, As the watchdog began to snarl the letter carrier backed off, or You have a good point; now don't back down when you present it to the board. [First half of 1900s] Also see back away, def. 2. See also: back, downback downv.1. To move backward through some region, especially in a vehicle: We backed down the driveway.2. To cause something, especially a vehicle, to move backward through some region or space: I slowly backed the truck down the hill.3. To withdraw from a position or confrontation, especially due to intimidation: The smaller bear kept growling so loudly that the larger bear backed down and walked away. Even though they appeared to have a very strong argument against me, I wouldn't back down, and I eventually showed them their conclusions were wrong.See also: back, downEncyclopediaSeebackback down
Synonyms for back downverb move backwards from a certain positionSynonymsRelated Words- draw back
- move back
- pull away
- pull back
- recede
- retreat
- withdraw
- retire
verb remove oneself from an obligationSynonyms- bow out
- chicken out
- back off
- pull out
Related Words- retire
- withdraw
- pull out
- get out
- resile
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