dronabinol
Noun | 1. | dronabinol - psychoactive substance present in marijuana; used therapeutically to control nausea associated with cancer therapy |
单词 | dronabinol | |||
释义 | dronabinol
dronabinoldronabinol[dro-nab´in-ol]dronabinolPharmacologic class: Cannabinoid Therapeutic class: Antiemetic Controlled substance III Pregnancy risk category B ActionUnknown. May exert antiemetic effect by inhibiting vomiting control mechanism in medulla oblongata. AvailabilityCapsules: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg Indications and dosages➣ Prevention of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy Adults and children: Initially, 5 mg/m2 P.O. 1 to 3 hours before chemotherapy. Repeat dose q 2 to 4 hours after chemotherapy, up to four to six doses per day. If 5-mg/m2 dose is ineffective and patient has no significant adverse reactions, dosage may be increased in increments of 2.5 mg/m2 to a maximum dosage of 15 mg/m2. ➣ Appetite stimulant Adults and children: Initially, 2.5 mg P.O. b.i.d. May reduce dosage to 2.5 mg/day given as a single evening or bedtime dose. Maximum dosage is 10 mg P.O. b.i.d. Contraindications• Hypersensitivity to cannabinoids or sesame oil • Breastfeeding PrecautionsUse cautiously in: • hypertension, heart disease, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, drug abuse, seizures • pregnant patients. Administration• When used to stimulate appetite, give before lunch and dinner. ![]() Adverse reactionsCNS: drowsiness, anxiety, impaired coordination, irritability, depression, headache, hallucinations, memory loss, paresthesia, ataxia, paranoia, disorientation, nightmares, speech difficulties, syncope, suicidal ideation CV: tachycardia, hypotension, hypertension EENT: visual disturbances, tinnitus GI: dry mouth Skin: facial flushing, diaphoresis InteractionsDrug-drug. Anticholinergics, antihistamines, tricyclic antidepressants: increased tachycardia and hypertension CNS depressants: increased CNS depression Ritonavir: increased dronabinol blood level and risk of toxicity Drug-behaviors. Alcohol use: increased CNS depression Patient monitoring• Monitor vital signs for hypotension and tachycardia. See Check for adverse CNS reactions. Report significant depression, paranoid reaction, or emotional lability. • Monitor nutritional status and hydration. Patient teaching• Teach patient about drug's significant adverse CNS and cardiovascular effects. Emphasize that he should take it only as prescribed and needed. See Advise patient (and significant other) to immediately report depression, suicidal thoughts, paranoid reactions, seizures, and other serious CNS reactions. • Caution patient to avoid driving and other hazardous activities until he knows how drug affects concentration and alertness. • As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs and behaviors mentioned above. dro·nab·i·nol(drō-nab'i-nol),See also: tetrahydrocannabinols. dronabinol(drō-năb′ə-nôl)dronabinolMarinol® A synthetic Δ9THC-tetrahydrocannabinol, an active ingredient of marijuana, which may be used to manage glaucoma, pain, N&V, anorexia, wasting linked to chemotherapy, AIDS Adverse effect Drowsiness, confusion, poor coordination. See Marijuana, THC.dro·nab·i·nol(drō-nab'i-nol)See also: tetrahydrocannabinols dronabinol
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