file

fi·lé

F0117900 (fē′lā, fĭ-lā′)n. Powdered sassafras leaves used to thicken and season soups, stews, and gumbos.

[Louisiana French, from French, past participle of filer, to spin thread (from its effect when added to hot liquids), from Old French; see file¹.]

file¹

F0012400 (fīl)n.1. A container, such as a cabinet or folder, for keeping papers in order.2. A collection of papers or published materials kept or arranged in convenient order.3. Computers A collection of data or program records stored as a unit with a single name.4. a. A line of persons, animals, or things positioned one behind the other.b. A line of troops or military vehicles so positioned.5. Games Any of the rows of squares that run forward and backward between players on a playing board in chess or checkers.6. Archaic A list or roll.v. filed, fil·ing, files v.tr.1. To put or keep (papers, for example) in useful order for storage or reference.2. To enter (a legal document) as an official record.3. To send or submit (copy) to a newspaper.4. To initiate (a lawsuit): file a complaint; file charges.v.intr.1. To march or walk in a line.2. To put items in a file.3. To make application; apply: filed for a job with the state; file for a divorce.4. To enter one's name in a political contest: filed for Congress.Idiom: on file In or as if in a file for easy reference: We will keep your résumé on file.

[From Middle English filen, to put documents on file, from Old French filer, to spin thread, to put documents on a thread, from Late Latin fīlāre, to spin, draw out in a long line, from Latin fīlum, thread; see g^whī- in Indo-European roots.]

file2left to right: double-cut flat file, single-cut round file, and single-cut half-round file

file²

F0012400 (fīl)n.1. Any of several hardened steel tools with cutting ridges for forming, smoothing, or reducing especially metallic surfaces.2. A nail file.3. Chiefly British A crafty or artful person.tr.v. filed, fil·ing, files To smooth, reduce, or remove with or as if with a file.

[Middle English, from Old English fīl; see peig- in Indo-European roots.]

file³

F0012400 (fīl)tr.v. filed, fil·ing, files Archaic To sully or defile.

[Middle English filen, from Old English fȳlan; see pū̆- in Indo-European roots.]

file

(faɪl) n1. a folder, box, etc, used to keep documents or other items in order2. the documents, etc, kept in this way3. documents or information about a specific subject, person, etc: we have a file on every known thief. 4. an orderly line or row5. (Military) a line of people in marching formation, one behind another. Compare rank¹⁶6. (Chess & Draughts) any of the eight vertical rows of squares on a chessboard7. (Computer Science) computing a named collection of information, in the form of text, programs, graphics, etc, held on a permanent storage device such as a magnetic disk8. obsolete a list or catalogue9. Canadian a group of problems or responsibilities, esp in government, associated with a particular topic: the environment file. 10. on file recorded or catalogued for reference, as in a filevb11. to place (a document, letter, etc) in a file12. (tr) to put on record, esp to place (a legal document) on public or official record; register13. (Law) (tr) to bring (a suit, esp a divorce suit) in a court of law14. (Journalism & Publishing) (tr) to submit (copy) to a newspaper or news agency15. (intr) to march or walk in a file or files: the ants filed down the hill. [C16 (in the sense: string on which documents are hung): from Old French filer, from Medieval Latin fīlāre; see filament] ˈfiler n

file

(faɪl) n1. (Tools) a hand tool consisting essentially of a steel blade with small cutting teeth on some or all of its faces. It is used for shaping or smoothing metal, wood, etc2. rare slang Brit a cunning or deceitful personvb (Tools) (tr) to shape or smooth (a surface) with a file[Old English fīl; related to Old Saxon fīla, Old High German fīhala file, Greek pikros bitter, sharp] ˈfiler n

file

(faɪl) vb (tr) obsolete to pollute or defile[Old English fӯlan; related to Middle Low German vülen; see defile¹, filth, foul]

file¹

(faɪl)

n., v. filed, fil•ing. n. 1. a container in which papers, letters, etc., are arranged in convenient order. 2. a collection of papers, records, etc., arranged in convenient order. 3. a collection of related computer data or program records stored by name. 4. a line of persons or things arranged one behind another (disting. from rank). 5. a list or roll. 6. one of the vertical lines of squares on a chessboard. v.t. 7. to place in a file. 8. to arrange (papers, records, etc.) in convenient order for storage or reference. 9. to transmit (a news story), as by wire. 10. to initiate (legal proceedings). v.i. 11. to march in a file or line, one after another. 12. to make application: to file for a job. Idioms: on file, filed for easy retrieval. [1425–75; late Middle English < Middle French filer to string documents on a thread or wire, Old French: to wind or spin thread « Latin fīlum thread, string] fil′er, n.

file²

(faɪl)

n., v. filed, fil•ing. n. 1. a metal tool, esp. of steel, having rough surfaces for reducing or smoothing metal, wood, etc. 2. nail file. v.t. 3. to reduce, smooth, or remove with or as if with a file. [before 900; Middle English; Old English fīl, fēol, c. Old Saxon fīla, Old High German fī(ha)la] fil′er, n.

file³

(faɪl)

v.t. filed, fil•ing. Archaic. to defile; corrupt. [before 1000; Middle English; Old English fȳlan to befoul, defile, derivative of fūl foul]

fi•lé

(fɪˈleɪ, ˈfi leɪ)

n. a powder made from the ground leaves of the sassafras tree, used as a thickener and flavoring, esp. in Creole soups and gumbos. [1800–10, Amer.; < Louisiana French; literally, twisted, ropy, stringy]

File

a collection of papers arranged in order; a line, queue, or row of people; animals or things standing or placed one behind each other; a small number of soldiers.Examples: file of letters, 1666; of slanderous lies, 1581; of newspapers, 1806; of papers, 1525; of soldiers [two deep], 1598.

file

Past participle: filed
Gerund: filing

Imperative
file
file

Present
I file
you file
he/she/it files
we file
you file
they file

Preterite
I filed
you filed
he/she/it filed
we filed
you filed
they filed

Present Continuous
I am filing
you are filing
he/she/it is filing
we are filing
you are filing
they are filing

Present Perfect
I have filed
you have filed
he/she/it has filed
we have filed
you have filed
they have filed

Past Continuous
I was filing
you were filing
he/she/it was filing
we were filing
you were filing
they were filing

Past Perfect
I had filed
you had filed
he/she/it had filed
we had filed
you had filed
they had filed

Future
I will file
you will file
he/she/it will file
we will file
you will file
they will file

Future Perfect
I will have filed
you will have filed
he/she/it will have filed
we will have filed
you will have filed
they will have filed

Future Continuous
I will be filing
you will be filing
he/she/it will be filing
we will be filing
you will be filing
they will be filing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been filing
you have been filing
he/she/it has been filing
we have been filing
you have been filing
they have been filing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been filing
you will have been filing
he/she/it will have been filing
we will have been filing
you will have been filing
they will have been filing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been filing
you had been filing
he/she/it had been filing
we had been filing
you had been filing
they had been filing

Conditional
I would file
you would file
he/she/it would file
we would file
you would file
they would file

Past Conditional
I would have filed
you would have filed
he/she/it would have filed
we would have filed
you would have filed
they would have filed

file

An amount of data handled as a unit and stored under a single name.

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	file - a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept togetherdata filecomputer file - (computer science) a file maintained in computer-readable formmug book, mug file - a file of mug shots (pictures of criminals that are kept on file by the police)record - anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events; "the film provided a valuable record of stage techniques"tickler, tickler file - a file of memoranda or notices that remind of things to be done
	2.	file - a line of persons or things ranged one behind the otherIndian file, single filesnake dance - a group advancing in a single-file serpentine pathcolumn - a line of units following one after anotherline - a formation of people or things one behind another; "the line stretched clear around the corner"; "you must wait in a long line at the checkout counter"
	3.	file - office furniture consisting of a container for keeping papers in orderfile cabinet, filing cabinetcard index, card catalog, card catalogue - an alphabetical listing of items (e.g., books in a library) with a separate card for each itemoffice furniture - furniture intended for use in an officevertical file - a file in which records are stored upright on one edge
	4.	file - a steel hand tool with small sharp teeth on some or all of its surfaces; used for smoothing wood or metalblunt file - a file with parallel edgesflat file - a file with two flat surfaceshaft, helve - the handle of a weapon or toolhand tool - a tool used with workers' handsnailfile - a small flat file for shaping the nailswood file, rasp - a coarse file with sharp pointed projectionsrat-tail file - a thin round file shaped like the tail of a ratround file - a file with a circular cross section; used to file the inside of holestaper file - a file with converging edges
Verb	1.	file - record in a public office or in a court of law; "file for divorce"; "file a complaint"registerlaw, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"trademark - register the trademark of; "The company trademarked their new gadget"register - record in writing; enter into a book of names or events or transactions
	2.	file - smooth with a file; "file one's fingernails"smooth, smoothen - make smooth or smoother, as if by rubbing; "smooth the surface of the wood"
	3.	file - proceed in line; "The students filed into the classroom"march, process - march in a procession; "They processed into the dining room"file in - enter by marching in a filefile out - march out, in a file
	4.	file - file a formal charge against; "The suspect was charged with murdering his wife"lodge, chargeaccuse, criminate, incriminate, impeach - bring an accusation against; level a charge against; "The neighbors accused the man of spousal abuse"impeach - charge (a public official) with an offense or misdemeanor committed while in office; "The President was impeached"
	5.	file - place in a container for keeping records; "File these bills, please"file awayrecord, enter, put down - make a record of; set down in permanent form

file

¹noun1. folder, case, portfolio, binder a file of insurance papers2. dossier, record, information, data, documents, case history, report, case We have files on people's tax details.3. document, program to span a file across more than one disk4. line, row, chain, string, column, queue, procession A file of soldiers, spaced and on both sides.verb1. arrange, order, classify, put in place, slot in (informal), categorize, pigeonhole, put in order Papers are filed alphabetically.2. register, record, enter, log, put on record They have filed formal complaints.3. march, troop, parade, walk in line, walk behind one another They filed into the room and sat down.

file

²verb smooth, shape, polish, rub, refine, scrape, rasp, burnish, rub down, abrade shaping and filing nails

file

nounA group of people or things arranged in a row:column, line, queue, rank, row, string, tier.

Translations

锉刀鱼贯行进列队前进卷宗归档保存

file¹

(fail) noun a line of soldiers etc walking one behind the other. 纵列 verb to walk in a file. They filed across the road. 鱼贯行进，列队前进 in single file (moving along) singly, one behind the other. They went downstairs in single file. 成一路纵队，成单行

file²

(fail) noun1. a folder, loose-leaf book etc to hold papers. 文件夹2. a collection of papers on a particular subject (kept in such a folder). 卷宗3. in computing, a collection of data stored eg on a disc. 文件 verb1. to put (papers etc) in a file. He filed the letter under P.把...归档2. to bring (a suit) before a law court. to file (a suit) for divorce.提出控告ˈfilename noun the name that someone gives to a computer file. 文件名ˈfiling cabinet noun a piece of furniture with drawers etc for holding papers. 档案柜，文件柜

file³

(fail) noun a steel tool with a rough surface for smoothing or rubbing away wood, metal etc. 锉（刀） verb to cut or smooth with a file. She filed her nails.把...锉平ˈfilings noun plural pieces of wood, metal etc rubbed off with a file. iron filings.锉屑

file

→ 归档保存zhCN, 档案zhCN, 用锉刀锉zhCN, 锉刀zhCN

file

¹1. Chess any of the eight vertical rows of squares on a chessboard 2. Computing a named collection of information, in the form of text, programs, graphics, etc., held on a permanent storage device such as a magnetic disk

file

² a hand tool consisting essentially of a steel blade with small cutting teeth on some or all of its faces. It is used for shaping or smoothing metal, wood, etc.

File

a cutting tool with rows of cutting teeth along the working surfaces (planes or edges). The first files date from the early Iron Age (Hallstatt culture, c. 900–400 B.C.) and were one of the tools used by iron forgers. The instrument became widespread after the emergence of specialists in metalworking (ancient Rome). Files originally had parallel cutting ridges; later they acquired intersecting ridges. (Such files first appeared in Rus’ in the 12th century.) The following files are distinguished: bastard files (coarse cut), smooth-cut files (fine cut), and barette files (finest cut). Small files with fine cut are usually called needle files.

The cross sections of files may be rectangular, semicircular, triangular, or square. Rasps, files with separate points, are used for working wood and other nonmetallic materials. Files are used manually or mounted on special filing machines.

file

[fīl] (computer science) A collection of related records treated as a unit. (design engineering) A steel bar or rod with cutting teeth on its surface; used as a smoothing or forming tool.

file

file: nomenclature A metal (usually steel) tool having a rectangular, triangular, round, or irregular section and either tapering or of uniform width and thickness, covered on one or more of its surfaces with teeth or oblique ridges; used for abrading, reducing, or smoothing metal, wood, or other materials.

file

(file system)An element of data storage in a file system.

The history of computing is rich in varied kinds of files andfile systems, whether ornate like the Macintosh file system or deficient like many simple pre-1980s file systemsthat didn't have directories. However, a typical file hasthese characteristics:

* It is a single sequence of bytes (but consider Macintoshresource forks).

* It has a finite length, unlike, e.g., a Unix device.

* It is stored in a non-volatile storage medium (but seeramdrive).

* It exists (nominally) in a directory.

* It has a name that it can be referred to by in fileoperations, possibly in combination with its path.

Additionally, a file system may support other file attributes, such as permissions; timestamps for creation,last modification, and last access and revision numbers (a` laVMS).

Compare: document.

file

A collection of bytes stored as an individual entity on the computer's hard drive or SSD. A file is the common denominator of storage. All data and programs, no matter which kind, are stored as files with an assigned file name that must be unique within the disk folder (directory) it resides in. Files with the same name can reside in separate folders. See folder.

Computers Know Nothing About Data Files
To the computer, a data file is nothing more than a string of bytes that is identified by name and location on the disk. Once read into the computer's memory, the structure of a file is known to the software that manipulates it. For example, database files are made up of a series of records (one per customer, vendor, transaction, etc.). Word processing files contain a continuous flow of text interspersed with format codes (tags). To learn more about file structures, see database.

Except for ASCII text files, which contain only raw text, other data files have proprietary structures. Formatting and descriptive information are contained in headers at the beginning of the file and/or in tags interspersed throughout the file.

Computers Are Savvy About Program Files
In contrast to data files, the computer is very aware of the content of an executable program file, which contains instructions. When given the starting point of an instruction in memory, the computer expects to find the strings of bytes in a machine instruction format that it recognizes and is able to follow, one instruction after the other (see machine language).

Following are the major file types. See file association, ASCII file, file system and files vs. folders.

DataFile Type Contents data file text & binary (table) (rows/records) document text & format codes spreadsheet rows/columns of cells image rows/columns of pixels drawing list of vectors CD audio digitized sound waves compressed audio (MP3, compressed digitized AAC, etc.) sound waves MIDI MIDI instructions video digital video frames Web page text, HTML tags & (HTML file) JavaScript XML file text batch file text text file text SoftwareFile Type Contents source code text intermediate language binary (bytecode) executable binary program (machine language)

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fi·lé

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fi•lé

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file something (away)

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Synonyms for file

noun folder

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noun dossier

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noun document

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noun line

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verb arrange

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verb register

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verb march

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verb smooth

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Synonyms for file

noun a group of people or things arranged in a row

Synonyms

Synonyms for file

noun a set of related records (either written or electronic) kept together

Synonyms

Related Words

noun a line of persons or things ranged one behind the other

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noun office furniture consisting of a container for keeping papers in order

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noun a steel hand tool with small sharp teeth on some or all of its surfaces

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verb record in a public office or in a court of law

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verb smooth with a file

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verb proceed in line

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file¹

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file³

file¹

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file³

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file³