Carneades


Carneades

(kärnē`ədēz), 213–129 B.C., Greek philosopher, b. Cyrene. He studied at Athens under Diogenes the Stoic, but reacted against Stoicism and joined the AcademyAcademy,
school founded by Plato near Athens c.387 B.C. It took its name from the garden (named for the hero Academus) in which it was located. Plato's followers met there for nine centuries until, along with other pagan schools, it was closed by Emperor Justinian in A.D. 529.
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, where he taught a skepticism similar to that of ArcesilausArcesilaus
, c.316–c.241 B.C., Greek philosopher of Pitane in Aeolis. He was the principal figure of the Middle Academy. Despite his position in the Academy, his teachings diverged from Platonic doctrine.
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. He denied the possibility of absolute certainty in knowledge; it is disputed whether he held that probable knowledge was adequate to guide a person's actions. He recognized three degrees of probability, and his teaching anticipated modern discussions of the nature of empirical knowledge.

Carneades

 

Born in 214 b.c.; died in 129 b.c. Native of Cyrene. Ancient Greek philosopher; head of Plato’s Academy and founder of the so-called New, or Third, Academy.

An adherent of skepticism, Carneades developed a theory of probability. He left no written works. Carneades was a member of the delegation of philosophers sent to Rome in 156–155 B.C.

REFERENCES

Rikhter, R. Skeptitsizm v filosofii, vol. 1. St. Petersburg, 1910. Pages 80–83.
Credaro, L. Lo scetticismo degli accademici, vols. 1–2. Milan, 1889–93.