Comnenus

(kŏmnē`nəs), family name of several Byzantine emperors—Isaac IIsaac I
(Isaac Comnenus) , c.1005–1061, Byzantine emperor (1057–59), first of the Comnenus dynasty. Proclaimed emperor by the army, he deposed Michael VI, who had succeeded Theodora (reigned 1055–56), and sent him into a monastery.
..... Click the link for more information. , Alexius IAlexius I
(Alexius Comnenus) , 1048–1118, Byzantine emperor (1081–1118). Under the successors of his uncle, Isaac I, the empire had fallen prey to anarchy and foreign invasions.
..... Click the link for more information. , John IIJohn II
(John Comnenus) , 1088–1143, Byzantine emperor (1118–43), son and successor of Alexius I. He was crowned despite the intrigues of his sister, Anna Comnena, and of his mother, Irene.
..... Click the link for more information. , Manuel IManuel I
(Manuel Comnenus) , c.1120–1180, Byzantine emperor (1143–80), son and successor of John II. He began his reign with a war against the Seljuk Turks, the subjugation of Raymond of Antioch, and an alliance with the German king, Conrad III, against Roger of
..... Click the link for more information. , Alexius IIAlexius II
(Alexius Comnenus), 1168–83, Byzantine emperor (1180–83), son and successor of Manuel I. His mother, Mary of Antioch, who was regent for him, alienated the population by favoring the Latin element in Constantinople.
..... Click the link for more information. , and Andronicus IAndronicus I
(Andronicus Comnenus) , 1120?–1185, Byzantine emperor (1183–85), nephew of John II. He acceded to the throne by strangling his cousin Alexius II. Though notorious in his younger years for his scandalous morals, he was a competent, if cruel, ruler.
..... Click the link for more information. —who reigned in the 11th and 12th cent., and of the historian, Princess Anna ComnenaAnna Comnena
, b. 1083, d. after 1148, Byzantine princess and historian; daughter of Emperor Alexius I. She plotted, during and after her father's reign, against her brother, John II, in favor of her husband, Nicephorus Bryennius, whom she wished to rule as emperor.
..... Click the link for more information. . Though unable to turn back the forces that contributed to the eventual downfall of the Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire,
successor state to the Roman Empire (see under Rome), also called Eastern Empire and East Roman Empire. It was named after Byzantium, which Emperor Constantine I rebuilt (A.D. 330) as Constantinople and made the capital of the entire Roman Empire.
..... Click the link for more information. , they were generally able rulers. Hellenism was revived during the family's reign, and contact with the West was increased. A branch of the family founded the empire of Trebizond (see Trebizond, empire ofTrebizond, empire of,
1204–1461. When the army of the Fourth Crusade overthrew (1204) the Byzantine Empire and established the Latin Empire of Constantinople, several Greek successor states sprang up.
..... Click the link for more information. ) after the fall of Constantinople in 1204.

Comnenus

(Komnēnoí), a dynasty of Byzantine emperors (1081–1185).

The Comnenus family came from Komne (Thrace?). The dynasty included five rulers: Alexius I (ruled 1081–1118), John II (1118–43), Manuel I (1143–80), Alexius II (1180–83), and Andronicus I (1183–85).

Alexius I was from the provincial military aristocracy, which was his main support in his seizure of power (although he is considered the founder of the dynasty, this role belongs in all but name to his uncle Isaac I, who rose through a revolt of the aristocracy of Asia Minor to occupy the throne in 1057, renouncing it in 1059 in favor of Constantine X of the Ducas family). During the reign of Alexius II, Mary of Antioch (the widow of Manuel I, John IPs younger son) was the young emperor’s regent until 1182, the actual ruler being Alexius Comnenus, nephew of Manuel. Andronicus I was the cousin of Manuel I. He seized power in 1182, ruling until 1183 as Alexius IPs regent. He then had Alexius II killed and was himself subsequently overthrown and executed.

The Comneni succeeded in strengthening the state and extending the borders to the east and northwest. For support they relied on the landowning and military aristocracy (which was linked by blood and marriage ties into a single “clan” and was tending toward becoming a closed social group) and in part on the provincial towns. Their foreign policy was distinguished by a system of alliances, cemented by dynastic marriages, with several Western European states and by the establishment of sovereignty over neighboring states (Hungary, Serbia, the kingdom of Antioch). The Comneni extended broad privileges on Byzantine territory to the Italian republics of Venice and Genoa.

The descendants of Andronicus I, who adopted the name Great Comneni, ruled in the Trapezond Empire from 1204 to 1461.

REFERENCE

Kazhdan, A. P. “Zagadka Komninov.” In the collection Vizantiiskii vremennik, vol. 25. Moscow, 1964.

A. P. KAZHDAN

单词	comnenus
释义	Comnenus Comnenus (kɒmˈniːnəs) n (Historical Terms) an important Byzantine family from which the imperial dynasties of Constantinople (1057–59; 1081–1185) and Trebizond (1204–1461) derived Com•ne•nus (kɒmˈni nəs) n. a dynasty of Byzantine emperors that ruled at Constantinople, 1057?–1185, and at Trebizond, 1204–1461?. Comnenus Comnenus (kŏmnē`nəs), family name of several Byzantine emperors—Isaac IIsaac I (Isaac Comnenus) , c.1005–1061, Byzantine emperor (1057–59), first of the Comnenus dynasty. Proclaimed emperor by the army, he deposed Michael VI, who had succeeded Theodora (reigned 1055–56), and sent him into a monastery. ..... Click the link for more information. , Alexius IAlexius I (Alexius Comnenus) , 1048–1118, Byzantine emperor (1081–1118). Under the successors of his uncle, Isaac I, the empire had fallen prey to anarchy and foreign invasions. ..... Click the link for more information. , John IIJohn II (John Comnenus) , 1088–1143, Byzantine emperor (1118–43), son and successor of Alexius I. He was crowned despite the intrigues of his sister, Anna Comnena, and of his mother, Irene. ..... Click the link for more information. , Manuel IManuel I (Manuel Comnenus) , c.1120–1180, Byzantine emperor (1143–80), son and successor of John II. He began his reign with a war against the Seljuk Turks, the subjugation of Raymond of Antioch, and an alliance with the German king, Conrad III, against Roger of ..... Click the link for more information. , Alexius IIAlexius II (Alexius Comnenus), 1168–83, Byzantine emperor (1180–83), son and successor of Manuel I. His mother, Mary of Antioch, who was regent for him, alienated the population by favoring the Latin element in Constantinople. ..... Click the link for more information. , and Andronicus IAndronicus I (Andronicus Comnenus) , 1120?–1185, Byzantine emperor (1183–85), nephew of John II. He acceded to the throne by strangling his cousin Alexius II. Though notorious in his younger years for his scandalous morals, he was a competent, if cruel, ruler. ..... Click the link for more information. —who reigned in the 11th and 12th cent., and of the historian, Princess Anna ComnenaAnna Comnena , b. 1083, d. after 1148, Byzantine princess and historian; daughter of Emperor Alexius I. She plotted, during and after her father's reign, against her brother, John II, in favor of her husband, Nicephorus Bryennius, whom she wished to rule as emperor. ..... Click the link for more information. . Though unable to turn back the forces that contributed to the eventual downfall of the Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire, successor state to the Roman Empire (see under Rome), also called Eastern Empire and East Roman Empire. It was named after Byzantium, which Emperor Constantine I rebuilt (A.D. 330) as Constantinople and made the capital of the entire Roman Empire. ..... Click the link for more information. , they were generally able rulers. Hellenism was revived during the family's reign, and contact with the West was increased. A branch of the family founded the empire of Trebizond (see Trebizond, empire ofTrebizond, empire of, 1204–1461. When the army of the Fourth Crusade overthrew (1204) the Byzantine Empire and established the Latin Empire of Constantinople, several Greek successor states sprang up. ..... Click the link for more information. ) after the fall of Constantinople in 1204. Comnenus (Komnēnoí), a dynasty of Byzantine emperors (1081–1185). The Comnenus family came from Komne (Thrace?). The dynasty included five rulers: Alexius I (ruled 1081–1118), John II (1118–43), Manuel I (1143–80), Alexius II (1180–83), and Andronicus I (1183–85). Alexius I was from the provincial military aristocracy, which was his main support in his seizure of power (although he is considered the founder of the dynasty, this role belongs in all but name to his uncle Isaac I, who rose through a revolt of the aristocracy of Asia Minor to occupy the throne in 1057, renouncing it in 1059 in favor of Constantine X of the Ducas family). During the reign of Alexius II, Mary of Antioch (the widow of Manuel I, John IPs younger son) was the young emperor’s regent until 1182, the actual ruler being Alexius Comnenus, nephew of Manuel. Andronicus I was the cousin of Manuel I. He seized power in 1182, ruling until 1183 as Alexius IPs regent. He then had Alexius II killed and was himself subsequently overthrown and executed. The Comneni succeeded in strengthening the state and extending the borders to the east and northwest. For support they relied on the landowning and military aristocracy (which was linked by blood and marriage ties into a single “clan” and was tending toward becoming a closed social group) and in part on the provincial towns. Their foreign policy was distinguished by a system of alliances, cemented by dynastic marriages, with several Western European states and by the establishment of sovereignty over neighboring states (Hungary, Serbia, the kingdom of Antioch). The Comneni extended broad privileges on Byzantine territory to the Italian republics of Venice and Genoa. The descendants of Andronicus I, who adopted the name Great Comneni, ruled in the Trapezond Empire from 1204 to 1461. REFERENCE Kazhdan, A. P. “Zagadka Komninov.” In the collection Vizantiiskii vremennik, vol. 25. Moscow, 1964. A. P. KAZHDAN
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Comnenus

Comnenus

Com•ne•nus

Comnenus

Comnenus

Comnenus

REFERENCE