boiler
boil·er
B0371000 (boi′lər)boiler
(ˈbɔɪlə)boil•er
(ˈbɔɪ lər)n.
Noun | 1. | boiler - sealed vessel where water is converted to steam |
2. | boiler - a metal pot for stewing or boiling; usually has a lid |
单词 | boiler | ||||||
释义 | boilerboil·erB0371000 (boi′lər)boiler(ˈbɔɪlə)boil•er(ˈbɔɪ lər)n.
boil1(boil) verbboiler→ 锅炉zhCNboilerpotboilerpot boilerboilerboiler,device for generating steam. It consists of two principal parts: the furnace, which provides heat, usually by burning a fuel, and the boiler proper, a device in which the heat changes water into steam. A steam engine is driven by steam generated under pressure in a boiler. The amount of steam that can be generated per hour depends upon the rate of combustion of the fuel in the furnace and upon the efficiency of heat transfer to the boiler proper. Since the rate of combustion of the fuel in a furnace is largely dependent upon the quantity of air available, i.e., upon the draft, a sufficient supply of air is an important consideration in boiler construction. In some large installations the incoming air is preheated by the waste heat of the flue gases, and in order to increase the speed of combustion a forced draft (air at higher than atmospheric pressure) is often used. Two types of boilers are most common—fire-tube boilers, containing long steel tubes through which the hot gases from the furnace pass and around which the water to be changed to steam circulates, and water-tube boilers, in which the conditions are reversed. Water is changed to steam in these continuous circuits and also is super-heated in transit. This additional heating of the steam increases the efficiency of the power-generating cycle. The safety valvesafety valve,device attached to a boiler or other vessel for automatically relieving the pressure of steam before it becomes great enough to cause bursting. The common spring-loaded type is held closed by a spring designed to open the valve when the internal pressure reaches a ..... Click the link for more information. is used to prevent explosions by releasing steam if the pressure becomes too great. The construction of boilers in the United States is governed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers' Boiler Construction Code. Progress in boiler design and performance have been governed by the continuous development of improved materials. BoilerBoilera device for boiling water for coffee, tea, soup, and the like. The continuously operating boilers are the most common; from these, boiling water is supplied automatically and prepared continuously. Periodic action boilers (boilers that must be filled) are also produced. The water in the boiler is heated by an electric heating element, by steam, or by the combustion of gas or solid fuel. Productivity runs up to 180 liters per hr, and the boiling time is 15–20 min. A submersible boiler is a spiral tubular electric heating element. boiler[′bȯil·ər]BoilerA pressurized system in which water is vaporized to steam, the desired end product, by heat transferred from a source of higher temperature, usually the products of combustion from burning fuels. Steam thus generated may be used directly as a heating medium, or as the working fluid in a prime mover to convert thermal energy to mechanical work, which in turn may be converted to electrical energy. Although other fluids are sometimes used for these purposes, water is by far the most common because of its economy and suitable thermodynamic characteristics. The physical sizes of boilers range from small portable or shop-assembled units to installations comparable to a multistory 200-ft-high (60-m) building equipped, typically, with a furnace which can burn coal at a rate of 6 tons/min (90 kg/s). Boilers operate at positive pressures and offer the hazardous potential of explosions. Pressure parts must be strong enough to withstand the generated steam pressure and must be maintained at acceptable temperatures, by transfer of heat to the fluid, to prevent loss of strength from overheating or destructive oxidation of the construction materials. The overall functioning of steam-generating equipment is governed by thermodynamic properties of the working fluid. By the simple addition of heat to water in a closed vessel, vapor is formed which has greater specific volume than the liquid, and can develop an increase of pressure to the critical value of 3208 psia (22.1 megapascals absolute pressure). If the generated steam is discharged at a controlled rate, commensurate with the rate of heat addition, the pressure in the vessel can be maintained at any desired value, and thus be held within the limits of safety of the construction. See Steam Addition of heat to steam, after its generation, is accompanied by increase of temperature above the saturation value. The higher heat content, or enthalpy, of superheated steam permits it to develop a higher percentage of useful work by expansion through the prime mover, with a resultant gain in efficiency of the power-generating cycle. If the steam-generating system is maintained at pressures above the critical, by means of a high-pressure feedwater pump, water is converted to a vapor phase of high density equal to that of the water, without the formation of bubbles. Further heat addition causes superheating, with corresponding increase in temperature and enthalpy. The most advanced developments in steam-generating equipment have led to units operating above critical pressure, for example, 3600–5000 psi (25–34 MPa). Superheated steam temperature has advanced from 500 ± °F (260 ± °C) to the present practical limits of 1050–1100°F (566–593°C). See Marine engineering, Nuclear power, Steam-generating unit boilerboilerBOILERSee BLR boiler
Synonyms for boiler
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