| 单词 | endothelium | |||
| 释义 | endotheliumen·do·the·li·umE0138200 (ĕn′dō-thē′lē-əm)endothelium(ˌɛndəʊˈθiːlɪəm)en•do•the•li•um(ˌɛn doʊˈθi li əm)n., pl. -li•a (-li ə) endothelium
Endotheliumendothelium[‚en·də′thē·lē·əm]Endotheliuma tissue found in animals and man consisting of specialized cells that line the inner surfaces of blood and lymph vessels, as well as the cavities of the heart. The endothelium is formed from the mesenchyme. It consists of a single layer of closely packed flat cells, which are usually separated from underlying tissues by a basal membrane. The endothelium of lymph vessels has no basal membrane. The cytoplasm of endothelial cells of certain capillaries may have pores that account for the permeability of the capillary wall, as, for example, in the renal glomeruli. The endothelium of the enlarged capillaries of the blood-forming organs and the endothelium present in the liver, adrenal cortex, and certain other organs has a great capacity for phagocytosis. The endothelial cells of these organs belong to the reticuloendothelial system. endotheliumendothelium[en″do-the´le-um] (pl. endothe´lia) (Gr.)en·do·the·li·um, pl.en·do·the·li·a(en'dō-thē'lē-ŭm, -lē-ă), [TA]endothelium(ĕn′dō-thē′lē-əm)en·do·the·li·um, pl. endothelia (en'dō-thē'lē-ŭm, -ă) [TA]endotheliumThe single layer of flattened cells that lines the blood vessels, the heart and some of the cavities of the body. Endothelium is no longer regarded as simply a non-stick lining. It is now known to be a physiologically and biochemically dynamic structure that exerts a regulatory control on the tone of blood vessels and on the blood flow, mainly by the release of the hormone NITRIC OXIDE. It regulates the growth and repair of blood vessels; modulated the contraction and relaxation of the heart; protects blood cells from damage; helps to control the inflammatory process; prevents blood clotting within vessels; and offers a selectively permeable barrier to the passage through it of molecules.endotheliuma layer of flattened, simple, epithelial cells, one cell thick, lining a tube such as the heart, blood vessels and lymph vessels of vertebrates.en·do·the·li·um, pl. endothelia (en'dō-thē'lē-ŭm, -ă) [TA]endothelium
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