Bochvar, Andrei Anatolevich

Born July 26 (Aug. 8), 1902, in Moscow. Soviet metallurgist. Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1946; corresponding member since 1939); twice a Hero of Socialist Labor (1949 and 1953). Son of A. M. Bochvar.

A. A. Bochvar graduated from the Moscow Higher Technical School in 1923 and began teaching there in 1924; in 1930 he began teaching at the Moscow Institute of Nonferrous Metals and Gold; since 1961 he has taught at the Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys. His main works are in the field of the crystallization, casting properties, recrystallization, and heat resistance of nonferrous metals and alloys and the metallurgy of uranium and plutonium. Bochvar developed a theory of eutectic crystallization (1935, his doctoral dissertation) and a theory of casting properties. He also developed and, for the first time, implemented a method of crystallizing molded casts under pressure (1936). Bochvar’s rule for evaluating the temperature of the beginning of the recrystallization of metals is well known. He laid the basis for a structural theory of the heat resistance of alloys and established the laws of deformation of articles made from metals with different types of crystal lattices during cyclical changes in temperature. He was awarded the State Prize of theUSSR (in 1941,1949,1951, and 1953) and the Lenin Prize (1961). He has also received four Orders of Lenin, four other orders, and medals.