| 单词 | deportation | ||||||
| 释义 | deportationde·por·ta·tionD0144100 (dē′pôr-tā′shən)deportation(ˌdiːpɔːˈteɪʃən)de•por•ta•tion(ˌdi pɔrˈteɪ ʃən, -poʊr-)n.
deportationdeportationnoundeport(diˈpoːt) verbdeportationdeportation,expulsion of an alienalien,in law, any person residing in one political community while owing allegiance to another. A procedure known as naturalization permits aliens to become citizens. Each nation establishes conditions upon which aliens will be admitted, and makes laws concerning them. ..... Click the link for more information. from a country by an act of its government. The term is not applied ordinarily to sending a national into exileexile, removal of a national from his or her country, or the civilized parts of it, for a long period of time or for life. Exile may be a forceful expulsion by the government or a voluntary removal by the citizen, sometimes in order to escape punishment. ..... Click the link for more information. or to committing one convicted of crime to an overseas penal colony (historically called transportation). In international law the right to send an alien to the country to which he or she owes allegiance (or to any country that will accept him or her) derives from a government's sovereigntysovereignty, supreme authority in a political community. The concept of sovereignty has had a long history of development, and it may be said that every political theorist since Plato has dealt with the notion in some manner, although not always explicitly. ..... Click the link for more information. . In the United States, deportation is the responsibility of the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement of the Dept. of Homeland Security. Except under the Alien and Sedition ActsAlien and Sedition Acts, The largest group of deported persons are those who have entered the country illegally. In the 1980s and 1990s expulsion of some of the numerous refugees from such Caribbean countries as Cuba and Haiti raised controversy. A deported alien cannot reenter the United States without special permission from the attorney general. Deportation(also banishment, exile), in law, specific kinds of exile employed in the 18th and 19th centuries in accordance with French criminal laws. The first deportation of politically unreliable people to Guiana was established by the 1791 law on suspicious people. Deportation for terms up to life was included in the French Criminal Code of 1810. A law of Mar. 23, 1872, defined exile as spending one’s life outside the boundaries of a continent in designated deportation areas. It provided for the establishment of a central deportation camp on the island of Nou and a fortified area (a fortress) on the Ducos Peninsula (New Caledonia). Deportation was used not only against recidivistic criminals but also as a reprisal against revolutionaries (in 1872 captured Communards were sent to islands in New Caledonia). Deportation should be distinguished from other forms of exile used in France—transportation (forced labor with exile to Guiana or another French territory abroad) and relegation (a supplementary punishment in the form of exile, used for dangerous recidivists after they had served their terms in prisons of metropolitan France). Deportation has not been used since 1880. deportationLawdeportationDeportationBanishment to a foreign country, attended with confiscation of property and deprivation of Civil Rights. The transfer of an alien, by exclusion or expulsion, from the United States to a foreign country. The removal or sending back of an alien to the country from which he or she came because his or her presence is deemed inconsistent with the public welfare, and without any punishment being imposed or contemplated. The grounds for deportation are set forth at 8 U.S.C.A. § 1251, and the procedures are provided for in §§ 1252–1254. To further clarify deportation, the U.S. Supreme Court, in Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678, 121 S.Ct.2491, 150 L.Ed.2d 653 (2001), ruled that Aliens who are under investigation cannot be held indefinitely. This would be in violation of the due process clause of the Fifth Amendment of the federal Constitution. Moreover, the Court established a maximum six-month detention period. At that point the alien must provide information as to why removal to the country of origin is not likely in the foreseeable future. For example, in this case, Kestutis Zadvydas was born to Lithuanian parents who were held in a German displaced persons camp; both Lithuania and Germany refused to accept him into their countries because he was not a citizen. If the government cannot rebut this information, the alien must be released from confinement. Finally, the Court declared that the federal courts are the proper place to review issues of deportation, rejecting the government's claim that immigration is strictly the province of the Executive Branch. Following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States, Congress created the usa patriot act, Pub.L. No. 107-56, 115 Stat. 272 (2001). The law deals with various means of combating Terrorism and includes provisions that authorize the deportation of individuals who provide lawful assistance to any group that provides assistance to terrorists. Accused persons must convince the government that they did not know their contributions were being used for terrorist activities. Further readingsCole, David, Jack X. Dempsey, and Carol E. Goldberg. 2002. Terrorism and the Constitution: Sacrificing Civil Liberties in the Name of National Security. New York: New Press. Ngai, Mae M. 2003. "The Strange Career of the Illegal Alien: Immigration Restriction and Deportation Policy in the United States. Law and History Review 21 (spring): 69–107. deportationn. the act of expelling a foreigner from a country, usually because he/she has a criminal record, committed a crime, lied on his/her entry documents, is in the country illegally, or his/her presence is deemed by Immigration and Naturalization Service, FederaI Bureau of Investigation or State Department officials to be against the best interests of the nation. Deportation is usually to the country of origin. deportationthe expulsion of a person not having a right of abode in the UK. Deportation from the UK may be ordered in five circumstances, namely:
A deportation order is an administrative requirement by the Secretary of State (or on the recommendation of a court) that the person to whom the order is addressed leave the UK and not return. It nullifies any leave the person had to enter or remain. The person is notified of the decision, the reasons and the place to which the person is to be deported. A right of appeal exists, and during the time that appeals are pending no deportation order may be executed. DEPORTATION, civil law. Among the Romans a perpetual banishment, depriving the banished of his rights as a citizen; it differed from relegation (q.v.) and exile. (q.v.). 1 Bro. Civ. Law, 125 note; Inst. 1, 12, 1 and 2; Dig. 48, 22, 14, 1. deportation
Synonyms for deportation
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