| 单词 | cambrai |
| 释义 | CambraiCam·braiC5047950 (käN-brĕ′, kăm-brā′)Cambrai(French kɑ̃brɛ)CambraiCambrai(käNbrā`), city (1990 pop. 34,210), Nord dept., N France, a port on the Escaut (Scheldt) River. It has long been known for its fine textiles and gave its name to cambric, first manufactured there. It is an agricultural center; clay, metal, and wood products are also manufactured in Cambrai. An episcopal see since the 4th cent., and seat of an archdiocese since the 16th cent., Cambrai and the surrounding county of Cambrésis were ruled by the bishops under the Holy Roman Empire until they were seized by Spain (1595) and by France (1677). Fénelon was archbishop from 1695 to 1715. The original cathedral was destroyed in 1793. Cambrai suffered devastation in both world wars; it was occupied by the Germans from 1914 to 1918 and from 1940 to 1944.Cambraia city in northern France, on the Schelde River in the department of Nord. Population, 40, 000 (1968). Cambrai is a transportation junction. Its industry is represented by the production of lace, batiste, and knitted fabric and of goods made from them, primarily underwear; beer is brewed and sugar and confectionery produced there. In antiquity a Roman city called Cameracum, Cambrai became part of the Frankish kingdom in the fifth century and was given to Lotharingia (Lorraine) by the Treaty of Verdun of 843. In 1076, Cambrai won the status of a commune in a struggle against its bishops, who were foreigners imposed by the emperor. During the Italian wars of 1494–1559, the League of Cambrai against Venice was formed in Cambrai in 1508, and in 1529 a peace between France and the Holy Roman Empire was concluded in Cambrai. France acquired Cambrai in the Peace of Nijmegen of 1678. In World War I, Cambrai was captured by German troops in August 1914. On Nov. 20–21, 1917, the British Third Army of sixth infantry and three cavalry divisions, supported by 378 tanks, struck two German divisions near Cambrai. The suddenness of the action and the great superiority in men and matériel led to a rapid breakthrough. But the British command failed to exploit the success: the infantry and the cavalry were left behind by the tanks, which suffered great losses. As a result the battle became positional on November 22, and from November 30 to December 6 the German Second Army of General Marwitz, 11 divisions strong, suddenly and powerfully counterattacked and recaptured a great part of the lost ground, capturing numerous prisoners. The Battle of Cambrai marked the first mass use of tanks and the beginning of the antitank defense. Cambrai |
| 随便看 |
|
英语词典包含2567994条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。