Calixtines

(Czech, Kališníci; Utraquists), members of a moderate wing of the Hussite revolutionary movement in Bohemia in the first half of the 15th century. The program of the Calixtines, which reflected the interests of minor and some major feudal lords and the middle strata of the urban population, was formulated in the Prague Articles of 1420. The Calixtines demanded that the Eucharist be given under both species (bread and wine) to all the faithful, laymen as well as clergy (in the Roman rite of Catholic Church, communion under both species is a privilege of the clergy). They also attempted to eliminate the dominance in Bohemia of German feudal lords and urban patricians. They tried to bring about the secularization of church lands and to secure the freedom to preach the Hussite creed. In November 1433 the Calixtines entered into an agreement with the feudal Catholic camp (seeCOMPACTATA) to oppose the Taborites, whom they decisively defeated at the battle of Lipany on May 30, 1434.