| 单词 | cordeliers |
| 释义 | CordeliersCordeliers(ˌkɔːdɪˈlɪəz)CordeliersCordeliers(kôrdəlyā`), political club of the French Revolution. Founded (1790) as the Society of the Friends of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, it was called after its original meeting place, the suppressed monastery of the Cordeliers (Franciscan Recollects). It provided a political base for Georges DantonDanton, Georges Jacques, 1759–94, French statesman, one of the leading figures of the French Revolution. A Parisian lawyer, he became a leader of the Cordeliers early in the Revolution and gained popular favor through his powerful oratory. ..... Click the link for more information. and Jean Paul MaratMarat, Jean Paul , 1743–93, French revolutionary, b. Switzerland. He studied medicine in England, acquired some repute as a doctor in London and Paris, and wrote scientific and medical works (some in English), but was frustrated in his attempts to win official recognition ..... Click the link for more information. . In 1792–93, after Danton left the club, it was instrumental in the destruction of the GirondistsGirondists or Girondins , political group of moderate republicans in the French Revolution, so called because the central members were deputies of the Gironde dept. Girondist leaders advocated continental war. ..... Click the link for more information. . After Marat's assassination the club was led by Jacques René HébertHébert, Jacques René , 1757–94, French journalist and revolutionary. An ardent supporter of the French Revolution, he gained the support of the working classes through his virulent paper Le Père Duchesne and was prominent in the Cordeliers. ..... Click the link for more information. and it drifted to the extreme left. Controlling the Paris commune, the Hébertists seemed a threat to the power of Maximilien RobespierreRobespierre, Maximilien Marie Isidore , 1758–94, one of the leading figures of the French Revolution. Early Life A poor youth, he was enabled to study law in Paris through a scholarship. ..... Click the link for more information. , who had them executed during the Reign of TerrorReign of Terror, 1793–94, period of the French Revolution characterized by a wave of executions of presumed enemies of the state. Directed by the Committee of Public Safety, the Revolutionary government's Terror was essentially a war dictatorship, instituted to rule the ..... Click the link for more information. . The club dissolved after Hébert was executed (Mar., 1794). Cordeliersmembers of a political club of the period of the Great French Revolution, officially called the Society of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. They became known as Cordeliers because they held their meetings in a former monastery of the Cordeliers (Franciscans) in Paris. The club was founded in July 1790 and was dominated by democrats of a leftist tendency. Its members included J. P. Marat, G. Danton, C. Desmoulins, J. R. Hebert, A. Momoro, and A. Cloots. During the political crisis of the summer of 1791 caused by Louis XVTs flight to Varennes, the Cordeliers headed the republican movement. After the popular uprising of Aug. 10, 1792, they took part in the struggle against the Girondins. The club was the center for the Hébertists (left Jacobins) from late 1793 through 1794. With the crushing of the Hébertists in March 1794 the club’s activity ceased. |
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