denaturation

denaturation,

term used to describe the loss of native, higher-order structure of proteinprotein,
any of the group of highly complex organic compounds found in all living cells and comprising the most abundant class of all biological molecules. Protein comprises approximately 50% of cellular dry weight.
..... Click the link for more information. molecules in solution. Most globular proteins exhibit complicated three-dimensional folding described as secondary, tertiary, and quarternary structures. These conformations of the protein molecule are rather fragile, and any factor that alters the precise geometry is said to cause denaturation. Extensive unfolding sometimes causes precipitation of the protein from solution. Denaturation is defined as a major change from the original native state without alteration of the molecule's primary structure, i.e., without cleavage of any of the primary chemical bonds that link one amino acid to another. Treatment of proteins with strong acids or bases, high concentrations of inorganic salts or organic solvents (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), heat, or irradiation all produce denaturation to a variable degree. Loss of three-dimmensional structure usually produces a loss of biological activity. Thus, the denatured enzymeenzyme,
biological catalyst. The term enzyme comes from zymosis, the Greek word for fermentation, a process accomplished by yeast cells and long known to the brewing industry, which occupied the attention of many 19th-century chemists.
..... Click the link for more information. is often without catalytic function. Renaturation is accomplished with varying success, and occasionally with a return of biological function, by exposing the denatured protein to a solution that approximates normal physiological conditions. Denaturation may be studied in the laboratory in any number of ways that monitor the physical properties of protein. Thus measurements of changing viscosity, density, light-scattering ability, and movement in an electrical field all record slight changes in molecular architecture. Denaturing is also used to describe the unrelated process of adding a poisonous substance to ethanolethanol
or ethyl alcohol,
CH₃CH₂OH, a colorless liquid with characteristic odor and taste; commonly called grain alcohol or simply alcohol. Properties

Ethanol is a monohydric primary alcohol. It melts at −117.
..... Click the link for more information. to make it unsuitable for human consumption.

denaturation

[de-na″chur-a´shun] a change in the usual nature of a substance, as by the addition of methanol or acetone to alcohol to render it unfit for drinking, or the change in the physical properties of a substance, such as a protein or nucleic acid, caused by heat or certain chemicals that alter tertiary structure.protein denaturation any nonproteolytic change in the chemistry, composition, or structure of a native protein that causes it to lose some or all of its unique or specific characteristics.

de·na·tur·a·tion

(dē-na'tyū-rā'shŭn), The process of becoming denatured.

de·na·tur·a·tion

(dē-nā'chŭr-ā'shŭn) The process of becoming denatured.

denaturation

1. Alteration in the folding pattern of a protein by heat or chemical reaction from its physiological conformation to an inactive shape. 2. In the case of DNA or RNA the conversion from a double-stranded structure to a single stranded structure, usually by heating. This is an essential stage in the POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION.

denaturation

the breakdown of the bonds forming the quaternary, tertiary and secondary structures of PROTEINS and NUCLEIC ACIDS, a process that can be caused by various agents, such as excess heat, strong acids or alkalis, organic solvents and ultrasonic vibration. In some cases, denaturation is irreversible as in, for example, the heating of egg albumen to give solid egg white. When denaturation occurs in enzymes, they are inactivated, with major effects in living organisms. Denatured nucleic acids can often be returned to their original configuration in the process of renaturation.

单词	denaturation
释义	DictionarySeedenature denaturation denaturation, term used to describe the loss of native, higher-order structure of proteinprotein, any of the group of highly complex organic compounds found in all living cells and comprising the most abundant class of all biological molecules. Protein comprises approximately 50% of cellular dry weight. ..... Click the link for more information. molecules in solution. Most globular proteins exhibit complicated three-dimensional folding described as secondary, tertiary, and quarternary structures. These conformations of the protein molecule are rather fragile, and any factor that alters the precise geometry is said to cause denaturation. Extensive unfolding sometimes causes precipitation of the protein from solution. Denaturation is defined as a major change from the original native state without alteration of the molecule's primary structure, i.e., without cleavage of any of the primary chemical bonds that link one amino acid to another. Treatment of proteins with strong acids or bases, high concentrations of inorganic salts or organic solvents (e.g., alcohol or chloroform), heat, or irradiation all produce denaturation to a variable degree. Loss of three-dimmensional structure usually produces a loss of biological activity. Thus, the denatured enzymeenzyme, biological catalyst. The term enzyme comes from zymosis, the Greek word for fermentation, a process accomplished by yeast cells and long known to the brewing industry, which occupied the attention of many 19th-century chemists. ..... Click the link for more information. is often without catalytic function. Renaturation is accomplished with varying success, and occasionally with a return of biological function, by exposing the denatured protein to a solution that approximates normal physiological conditions. Denaturation may be studied in the laboratory in any number of ways that monitor the physical properties of protein. Thus measurements of changing viscosity, density, light-scattering ability, and movement in an electrical field all record slight changes in molecular architecture. Denaturing is also used to describe the unrelated process of adding a poisonous substance to ethanolethanol or ethyl alcohol, CH₃CH₂OH, a colorless liquid with characteristic odor and taste; commonly called grain alcohol or simply alcohol. Properties Ethanol is a monohydric primary alcohol. It melts at −117. ..... Click the link for more information. to make it unsuitable for human consumption. denaturation denaturation [de-na″chur-a´shun] a change in the usual nature of a substance, as by the addition of methanol or acetone to alcohol to render it unfit for drinking, or the change in the physical properties of a substance, such as a protein or nucleic acid, caused by heat or certain chemicals that alter tertiary structure.protein denaturation any nonproteolytic change in the chemistry, composition, or structure of a native protein that causes it to lose some or all of its unique or specific characteristics. de·na·tur·a·tion (dē-na'tyū-rā'shŭn), The process of becoming denatured. de·na·tur·a·tion (dē-nā'chŭr-ā'shŭn) The process of becoming denatured. denaturation 1. Alteration in the folding pattern of a protein by heat or chemical reaction from its physiological conformation to an inactive shape. 2. In the case of DNA or RNA the conversion from a double-stranded structure to a single stranded structure, usually by heating. This is an essential stage in the POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION. denaturation the breakdown of the bonds forming the quaternary, tertiary and secondary structures of PROTEINS and NUCLEIC ACIDS, a process that can be caused by various agents, such as excess heat, strong acids or alkalis, organic solvents and ultrasonic vibration. In some cases, denaturation is irreversible as in, for example, the heating of egg albumen to give solid egg white. When denaturation occurs in enzymes, they are inactivated, with major effects in living organisms. Denatured nucleic acids can often be returned to their original configuration in the process of renaturation.
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