arch

arch-

(word root)1. principalExamples: archenemy2. prototypicalExamples: archetype3. chief, leader, rulerExamples: monarch, matriarch

arch1semicircular archA. keystoneB. voussoirsC. springersD. imposts

arch¹

A0403000 (ärch)n.1. A usually curved structure forming the upper edge of an open space and supporting the weight above it, as in a bridge or doorway.2. A structure, such as a freestanding monument, shaped like an inverted U.3. A curve with the ends down and the middle up: the arch of a raised eyebrow.4. Anatomy An organ or structure having a curved or bowlike appearance, especially either of two arched sections of the bony structure of the foot.v. arched, arch·ing, arch·es v.tr.1. To provide with an arch: arch a passageway.2. To cause to form an arch or similar curve.3. To bend backward: The dancers alternately arched and hunched their backs.4. To span: "the rude bridge that arched the flood" (Ralph Waldo Emerson).v.intr. To form an arch or archlike curve: The high fly ball arched toward the stands.

[Middle English, from Old French arche, from Vulgar Latin *arca, from Latin arcus.]

arch²

A0403000 (ärch)adj.1. Chief; principal: their arch foe.2. a. Mischievous; roguish: "She ... was arch enough to inform the queen whenever I committed any folly that she thought would be diverting to her majesty" (Jonathan Swift).b. Teasing, ironic, or sardonic: "I know, Edy Boardman said none too amiably with an arch glance from her shortsighted eyes. I know who is Tommy's sweetheart" (James Joyce).

[From arch-.]

arch′ly adv.arch′ness n.

arch

(ɑːtʃ) n1. (Architecture) a curved structure, normally in the vertical plane, that spans an opening2. (Architecture) Also called: archway a structure in the form of an arch that serves as a gateway3. something curved like an arch4. (Anatomy) a. any of various parts or structures of the body having a curved or archlike outline, such as the transverse portion of the aorta (arch of the aorta) or the raised bony vault formed by the tarsal and metatarsal bones (arch of the foot)b. one of the basic patterns of the human fingerprint, formed by several curved ridges one above the other. Compare loop¹^10a, whorl³vb5. (Architecture) (tr) to span (an opening) with an arch6. to form or cause to form an arch or a curve resembling that of an arch: the cat arched its back. 7. (tr) to span or extend over: the bridge arched the flooded stream. [C14: from Old French arche, from Vulgar Latin arca (unattested), from Latin arcus bow, arc]

arch

(ɑːtʃ) adj1. (prenominal) chief; principal; leading: his arch rival. 2. (prenominal) very experienced; expert: an arch criminal. 3. knowing or superior4. playfully or affectedly roguish or mischievous[C16: independent use of arch-] ˈarchly adv ˈarchness n

arch¹

(ɑrtʃ)

n. 1. a curved construction spanning an opening and usu. supporting weight from above or the sides. 2. a doorway or gateway having a curved head; archway. 3. any overhead curvature resembling an arch. 4. something bowed or curved: the arch of the foot. v.t. 5. to cover or span with an arch. 6. to form into an arch: a cat arching its back. v.i. 7. to form an arch: elms arching over the road. [1250–1300; < Old French arche < Vulgar Latin *arca, feminine variant of Latin arcus arc]

arch²

(ɑrtʃ)
adj. 1. coyly roguish or ironic. 2. crafty; sly. [1545–55; independent use of arch-¹]arch′ly, adv. arch′ness, n.

arch-¹

, a combining form used to create nouns that denote individuals or institutions directing or having authority over others of their class (archbishop; archdiocese; archpriest); also meaning “principal” (archenemy; archrival) or “prototypical” and thus exemplary or extreme (archconservative). [Old English arce-, < Latin archi- < Greek; see archi-]

arch-²

, var. of archi- before a vowel: archangel.

-arch

a combining form meaning “chief, leader, ruler”: matriarch; monarch. [< Greek -archos or -archēs, as comb. forms of árchos leader]

Arch.

Archbishop.

arch.

1. archaic. 2. archery. 3. archipelago. 4. architect; architecture.

arch

Past participle: arched
Gerund: arching

Imperative
arch
arch

Present
I arch
you arch
he/she/it arches
we arch
you arch
they arch

Preterite
I arched
you arched
he/she/it arched
we arched
you arched
they arched

Present Continuous
I am arching
you are arching
he/she/it is arching
we are arching
you are arching
they are arching

Present Perfect
I have arched
you have arched
he/she/it has arched
we have arched
you have arched
they have arched

Past Continuous
I was arching
you were arching
he/she/it was arching
we were arching
you were arching
they were arching

Past Perfect
I had arched
you had arched
he/she/it had arched
we had arched
you had arched
they had arched

Future
I will arch
you will arch
he/she/it will arch
we will arch
you will arch
they will arch

Future Perfect
I will have arched
you will have arched
he/she/it will have arched
we will have arched
you will have arched
they will have arched

Future Continuous
I will be arching
you will be arching
he/she/it will be arching
we will be arching
you will be arching
they will be arching

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been arching
you have been arching
he/she/it has been arching
we have been arching
you have been arching
they have been arching

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been arching
you will have been arching
he/she/it will have been arching
we will have been arching
you will have been arching
they will have been arching

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been arching
you had been arching
he/she/it had been arching
we had been arching
you had been arching
they had been arching

Conditional
I would arch
you would arch
he/she/it would arch
we would arch
you would arch
they would arch

Past Conditional
I would have arched
you would have arched
he/she/it would have arched
we would have arched
you would have arched
they would have arched

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	arch - a curved shape in the vertical plane that spans an openingcurve, curved shape - the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes
	2.	arch - a curved bony structure supporting or enclosing organs (especially the inner sides of the feet)metatarsal arch - the short lateral arch formed by the heads of the metatarsalsinstep - the arch of the footskeletal structure - any structure created by the skeleton of an organismpectoral arch, shoulder girdle - the bony arch formed by the collarbones and shoulder blades in humanshaemal arch, hemal arch - a structure arising ventrally from a vertebral centrum and enclosing the caudal blood vesselsneural arch, vertebral arch - a structure arising dorsally from a vertebral centrum and enclosing the spinal cord
	3.	arch - a passageway under a curved masonry construction; "they built a triumphal arch to memorialize their victory"archwayentrance, entranceway, entryway, entree, entry - something that provides access (to get in or get out); "they waited at the entrance to the garden"; "beggars waited just outside the entryway to the cathedral"wall - an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure; "the south wall had a small window"; "the walls were covered with pictures"
	4.	arch - (architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above itabutment arch - an arch supported by an abutmentaqueduct - a conduit that resembles a bridge but carries water over a valleyarcade, colonnade - a structure composed of a series of arches supported by columnsbridge, span - a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.broken arch - an arch with a gap at the apex; the gap is usually filled with some decorationcamber arch - an arch with a straight horizontal extrados and a slightly arched intradoscorbel arch - (architecture) an arch constructed of masonry courses that are corbelled until they meetflat arch, straight arch - an arch with mutually supporting voussoirs that has a straight horizontal extrados and intradosheadstone, keystone, key - the central building block at the top of an arch or vaultpier arch - an arch supported on pierspointed arch - an arch with a pointed apex; characteristic of Gothic architectureproscenium arch - the arch over the opening in the proscenium wallrampant arch - an arch whose support is higher on one side than on the otherround arch - an arch formed in a continuous curve; characteristic of Roman architecturerowlock arch - an arch that is formed with more than one concentric row of voussoirssafety arch - an undecorated arch that is included in order to strengthen or support a constructionscoinson arch, sconcheon arch - an arch that supports part of the wallsegmental arch - a shallow arch; an arch that is less than a semicircleshouldered arch - an arch consisting of a horizontal lintel supported at each end by corbels that project into the aperturediminished arch, scheme arch, skeen arch, skene arch - an arch whose height is less than half its widthskew arch - an arch whose jambs are not at right angles with the facespringer, impost - the lowest stone in an arch -- from which it springssquinch - a small arch built across the interior angle of two walls (usually to support a spire)structure, construction - a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts; "the structure consisted of a series of arches"; "she wore her hair in an amazing construction of whirls and ribbons"trimmer arch - an arch built between trimmers in a floor (to support the weight of a hearth)triumphal arch - a monumental archway; usually they are built to commemorate some notable victoryfour-centered arch, Tudor arch - a low elliptical or pointed arch; usually drawn from four centersvoussoir - wedge-shaped stone building block used in constructing an arch or vaultarchitecture - the discipline dealing with the principles of design and construction and ornamentation of fine buildings; "architecture and eloquence are mixed arts whose end is sometimes beauty and sometimes use"
Verb	1.	arch - form an arch or curve; "her back arches"; "her hips curve nicely"arc, curvecamber - curve upward in the middlebend, flex - form a curve; "The stick does not bend"
Adj.	1.	arch - (used of behavior or attitude) characteristic of those who treat others with condescensioncondescending, patronising, patronizingsuperior - of or characteristic of high rank or importance; "a superior ruler"
	2.	arch - expert in skulduggery; "an arch criminal"skilled - having or showing or requiring special skill; "only the most skilled gymnasts make an Olympic team"; "a skilled surgeon has many years of training and experience"; "a skilled reconstruction of her damaged elbow"; "a skilled trade"
	3.	arch - naughtily or annoyingly playful; "teasing and worrying with impish laughter"; "a wicked prank"impish, implike, mischievous, pixilated, prankish, puckish, wickedplayful - full of fun and high spirits; "playful children just let loose from school"

arch

¹noun1. archway, curve, dome, span, vault The theatre is located under old railway arches in the East End.2. curve, bend, bow, crook, arc, hunch, sweep, hump, curvature, semicircle Train the cane supports to form an arch.verb1. curve, bridge, bend, bow, span, arc the domed ceiling arching overhead

Types of arch

acute, gothic, lancet, pointed arch, or ogive, horseshoe arch, keel arch, Norman or Roman arch, gee arch, proscenium arch, Roman arch, skew arch, triumphal arch

arch

²adjective playful, joking, teasing, humorous, sly, mischievous, saucy, tongue-in-cheek, jesting, jokey, pert, good-natured, roguish, frolicsome, waggish a slightly amused, arch expression

arch

verb1. To swerve from a straight line:angle, arc, bend, bow, crook, curve, round, turn.2. To incline the body:bend, bow, hump, hunch, scrunch, stoop.

Translations

拱门脚底拱起的部分足弓弓形拱

arch

(aːtʃ) noun1. the top part of a door etc or a support for a roof etc which is built in the shape of a curve. 拱，拱门 2. a monument which is shaped like an arch. the Marble Arch in London.拱形纪念碑3. anything that is like an arch in shape. The rainbow formed an arch in the sky.弓形4. the raised part of the sole of the foot. 足弓（脚底拱起的部分） verb to (cause to) be in the shape of an arch. The cat arched its back.拱起arched adjectivean arched doorway.弓形的ˈarchway noun an arched passage, door or entrance. 拱道，拱门

arch

→ 拱门zhCN

arch

arch,

the spanning of a wall opening by means of separate units (such as bricks or stone blocks) assembled into an upward curve that maintains its shape and stability through the mutual pressure of a load and the separate pieces. The weight of the supported load is thus converted into downward and outward lateral pressures called thrusts, which are received by the solid piers (abutments) flanking the opening. The blocks, called voussoirs, composing the arch usually have a wedge shape but they can be rectangular with wedge-shaped joints between them. The underside of the arch is the intrados or soffit and the upper surface above the crown block (keystone) of the arch is the extrados. The point where the arch starts to curve is the foot of the arch, and the stones there are the springers. The surface above the haunch (just below the beginning of the curve) contained within a line drawn perpendicular to the springing line (from which the arch curves), and another drawn horizontal to the crown is the spandril. In modern fireproof construction the word arch is also used for the masonry that fills the space between steel beams and acts as a floor support. The arch was used by the Egyptians, Babylonians, and Greeks, chiefly for underground drains, and also by the Assyrians in the construction of vaulted and domed chambers. In Europe the oldest known arch is the Cloaca Maxima, the huge drain at Rome built by Lucius Tarquinius Priscus c.578 B.C. The Romans developed the semicircular arch, modeled on earlier Etruscan structures, in the vaults and domes of their monumental buildings. Its use was continued in early Christian, Byzantine, and Romanesque architecture. In the 13th cent. the pointed arch (used as early as 722 B.C. in Assyrian drains) came into general use. The contact of Europeans with Saracenic architecture during the Crusades is offered among other theories for its introduction into Europe. But it is likely that the pointed arch may have been independently rediscovered in Europe in the Middle Ages as a device for solving many of the mechanical difficulties of vault construction. Its adoption was an essential element in the evolution of the Gothic system of design. With the Renaissance there was a return to the round arch, which prevailed until the 19th-century invention of steel beams for wide spans relegated the arch to a purely decorative function. Although the circular and pointed forms have predominated in the West, the Muslim nations of the East developed a variety of other arched shapes, including the ogee arch used in Persia and India, the horseshoe arch used in Spain and North Africa, and the multifoil or scalloped arch used especially in the Muslim architecture of Spain. In the 20th cent. arches often take a parabolic shape. They are usually constructed with laminated wood or reinforced concrete, materials that give greater lightness and strength to the structure. See triumphal archtriumphal arch,
monumental structure embodying one or more arched passages, frequently built to span a road and designed to honor a king or general or to commemorate a military triumph.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Arch

A basic architectural structure built over an opening, made up of wedge-shaped blocks, keeping one another in position, and transferring the vertical pressure of the superimposed load into components transmitted laterally to the adjoining abutments.

abutment arch

The first or last of a series of arches located next to an abutment.

acute arch

A sharply pointed two-centered arch, whose centers of curvature are farther apart than the opening.

arcaded arch

An arch that occurs where a vault intersects a wall.

back arch

An arch that supports an inner wall where the outer wall is supported in a different manner, such as a brick arch behind a stone lintel.

barrel arch

An arch that is formed by a curved solid plate or slab, as contrasted with one formed with individual members or curved ribs.

basket handle arch

A flattened arch designed by joining a quarter circle to each end of a false ellipse; a three-centered arch with a crown whose radius is greater than the outer pair of curves.

bell arch

A round arch resting on two large corbels with curved profiles.

blind arch

An arch within a wall that contains a recessed flat wall rather than framing an opening. Used to enrich an otherwise unrelieved expanse of masonry.

blunt arch

An arch rising only to a slight point struck from two centers within the arch.

broken arch

A form of segmental arch in which the center of the arch is omitted and is replaced by a decorative feature usually applied to a wall above the entablature over a door or window.

camber arch

A flat segmental arch with a slightly upward curve in the intrados and sometimes also in the extrados.

catenary arch

An arch that takes the form of an inverted catenary, i.e., the curve formed by a flexible cord hung between the two points of support.

cinquefoil arch

A five-Iobed pattern divided by cusps; a cusped arch with five foliations worked into the intrados; a cinque-foil tracery at the apex of a window.

circular arch

An arch whose intrados takes the form of a segment of a circle.

Arch

in architecture, a curved, structural member spanning an opening in a wall or a space between two supports—piers, columns, pylons, and the like. Depending on the size of the opening, the stress, and the purpose served, the arches are made of stone, reinforced concrete, metal, or wood. Depending on the shape of the curve, arches are distinguished as semiround or semicircular (the most widespread type), lancet (characteristic of Gothic architecture), horseshoe (common in the architecture of the Arabic countries), ogee, multifoil, rampant (with supports of different heights), and so on. Arches (stone) first appeared in the architecture of the ancient East, where there was no wood suited to the construction of large horizontal beamed ceilings. Later, arches were widely used in the architecture of ancient Rome (in buildings, aqueducts, and triumphal arches). Modified in keeping with the system used to construct vaulted ceilings and the demands of style, arches have continued to be an important architectural element. Triumphal arches, either standing alone or as a part of a building (as the arches in the General Headquarters Building in Leningrad), sometimes determine the character of an ensemble.

In modern construction, arches are used as the supporting elements of roofs, bridge spans, viaducts, and the like. Under the load the arch works mainly on the pressure principle and, in distinction to beams and girders, transmits not only the weight (vertical load) but also the pressure (horizontal thrust) which is resisted by the support, the tie beam, and the counterfort. In structural diagrams arches appear as hingeless, two-hinged, and three-hinged. The stability of the supports in hingeless arches is ensured by hard fixing in the structures supporting the arch. In planning the arch, the outline of its axis is so designed that the permanent load (the arch’s own weight and the weight of the ceiling, roofing, and other elements supported by it) are converted into compressive stress, thereby assuring the smallest size of its cross section. Lattice arches, usually made of wood or metal, are called trussed arches.

REFERENCES

Spravochnik proektirovshchika promyshlennykh, zhilykh i obshchestvennykh zdanii i sooruzhenii: Raschetno-teoreticheskii. Edited by A. A. Umanskii. Moscow, 1960.
Goethals, E. Arcs, voûtes, coupoles, vols. 1–2. Brussels, 1946–48.

arch

[ärch] (civil engineering) A structure curved and so designed that when it is subjected to vertical loads, its two end supports exert reaction forces with inwardly directed horizontal components; common uses for the arch are as a bridge, support for a roadway or railroad track, or part of a building.

Arch

A structure, usually curved, that when subjected to vertical loads causes its two end supports to develop reactions with inwardly directed horizontal components. The designations of the various parts of an arch are given in the illustration. The commonest uses for an arch are as a bridge, supporting a roadway, railroad track, or footpath, and as part of a building, where it provides a large open space unobstructed by columns. Arches are usually built of steel, reinforced concrete, or timber.

An open-spandrel, concrete, fixed-arch bridge

On the basis of structural behavior, arches are classified as fixed (hingeless), single-hinged, two-hinged, or three-hinged. An arch is considered to be fixed when rotation is prevented at its supports. Reinforced concrete ribs are almost always fixed. For long-span steel structures only fixed solid-rib arches are used. Because of its greater stiffness, the fixed arch is better suited for long spans than hinged arches.

Concrete is relatively weak in tension and shear but strong in compression and is therefore ideal for arch construction. Precast reinforced concrete arches of the three-hinged type have been used in buildings for spans up to 160 ft (49 m).

Steel arches are solid-rib or braced-rib arches. Solid-rib arches usually have two hinges but may be hingeless. The braced-rib arch has a system of diagonal bracing replacing the solid web of the solid-rib arch. The world's longest arch spans are two-hinged arches of the braced-rib type. The spandrel-braced arch is essentially a deck truss with a curved lower chord, the truss being capable of developing horizontal thrust at each support. This type of arch is generally constructed with two or three hinges because of the difficulty of adequately anchoring the skewbacks.

Wood arches may be of the solid-rib or braced-rib type. Solid-rib arches are of laminated construction and can be shaped to almost any required form. Arches are usually built up of nominal 1- or 2 in. (2.5- or 5-cm) material because bending on individual laminations is more readily accomplished. Because of ease in fabrication and erection, most solid-rib arches are of the three-hinged type. This type has been used for spans of more than 200 ft (60 m). The lamella arch has been widely used to provide wide clear spans for gymnasiums and auditoriums. The wood lamella arch is more widely used than its counterpart in steel. The characteristic diamond pattern of lamella construction provides a unique and pleasing appearance. See Bridge, Buildings, Truss

The masonry arch can provide structure and beauty, is fireproof, requires comparatively little maintenance, and has a high tolerance for foundation settlement and movement due to other environmental factors. Most arches are curved, but many hectares (acres) of floor in highrise office and public buildings are supported by hollow-tile jack (flat) arches. If a curved arch is wide (dimension normal to span), the arch is referred to as a barrel arch or vault. The vault cross section may have several different shapes. Contiguous vaults may be individual, may intersect, or may cross. A four-part vault is termed quadripartite. Contiguous quadripartite vaults that are supported at the corners by columns are masonry skeletons of large cathedrals.

Stone for masonry skeletons is cut from three classes of rock; igneous (granite, traprock), metamorphic (gneiss, slate, quartzite), and sedimentary (limestone, sandstone). The primary requirements for brick as a structural material are compressive strength and weathering resistance. Hollow clay tiles (terra-cotta) for floor arches are made semiporous in order to improve fire resistance. See Brick

arch

arch: Ex Estrados; In intrados; K keystone; S springers; v voussoirs A construction that spans an opening; usually curved; often consists of wedge-shaped blocks (voussoirs) having their narrower ends toward the opening. Arches vary in shape, from those that have little or no curvature to those that are acutely pointed. For special types of arches, see acute arch, anse de panier, arrière-voussure, back arch, basket-handle arch, bell arch, blind arch, camber arch, catenary arch, cinquefoil arch, compound arch, cusped arch, diminished arch, discharging arch, Dutch arch, elliptical arch, equilateral arch,

ARCH.

On drawings, abbr. for architect, architecture, or architectural.

arch

1. a curved structure, normally in the vertical plane, that spans an opening 2. a structure in the form of an arch that serves as a gateway 3. a. any of various parts or structures of the body having a curved or archlike outline, such as the transverse portion of the aorta (arch of the aorta) or the raised bony vault formed by the tarsal and metatarsal bones (arch of the foot) b. one of the basic patterns of the human fingerprint, formed by several curved ridges one above the other

arch

(ARCHitecture) The CPU that a Linux distribution runs on. An AltArch (alternative arch) refers to an optional CPU for a particular version. See Linux distribution.

arch

arch-

arch 1

arch 2

arch

arch

arch1

arch2

arch-1

arch-2

-arch

Arch.

arch.

arch

arch

Types of arch

arch

arch

arch

arch

arch

arch cove

arch dell

arch doxy

arch rogue

arch over

arch (oneself) over

arch over someone or something

arch something over someone or something

arch

arch,

Arch

abutment arch

acute arch

arcaded arch

back arch

barrel arch

basket handle arch

bell arch

blind arch

blunt arch

broken arch

camber arch

catenary arch

cinquefoil arch

circular arch

Arch

REFERENCES

arch

Arch

arch

ARCH.

arch

arch

arch

arch

arch

arch

arch

arch

ARCH

ARCH

Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity

ARCH

arch

Synonyms for arch

noun archway

Synonyms

noun curve

Synonyms

verb curve

Synonyms

adj playful

Synonyms

Synonyms for arch

verb to swerve from a straight line

Synonyms

verb to incline the body

Synonyms

Synonyms for arch

arch¹

arch²

arch¹

arch²

arch-¹

arch-²