| 释义 |
vancomycin
van·co·my·cin V0019400 (văng′kə-mī′sĭn, văn′kə-) n. An antibiotic, C66H75Cl2N9O24, obtained from the actinomycete Amycolatopsis orientalis (formerly Streptomyces orientalis), used usually in the form of its hydrochloride to treat infections of staphylococci and other gram-positive bacteria.
[vanco- (from shortening and alteration of vanquish) + -mycin.] vancomycin (ˌvænkəʊˈmaɪsɪn) n (Pharmacology) an antibiotic effective against most Gram-positive organisms. It is given by intravenous infusions for serious infections that are resistant to other antibioticsThesaurus| Noun | 1. | vancomycin - an antibiotic (trade name Vancocin) effective against some bacterial infectionsVancocinantibiotic, antibiotic drug - a chemical substance derivable from a mold or bacterium that can kill microorganisms and cure bacterial infections; "when antibiotics were first discovered they were called wonder drugs" |
Translationsvancomycin
vancomycin (văn'kōmī`sĭn), antibioticantibiotic,
any of a variety of substances, usually obtained from microorganisms, that inhibit the growth of or destroy certain other microorganisms. Types of Antibiotics
..... Click the link for more information. resembling penicillinpenicillin,
any of a group of chemically similar substances obtained from molds of the genus Penicillium that were the first antibiotic agents to be used successfully in the treatment of bacterial infections in humans.
..... Click the link for more information. in the way it acts. It is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces orientalis, which was isolated from soil of India and Indonesia. Vancomycin destroys Gram-positive bacteria, especially staphylococci and enterococci (see Gram's stainGram's stain,
laboratory staining technique that distinguishes between two groups of bacteria by the identification of differences in the structure of their cell walls. The Gram stain, named after its developer, Danish bacteriologist Christian Gram, has become an important tool
..... Click the link for more information. ). It seems to function by inhibiting the formation of the bacterial cell wall, as does penicillin; it may also cause damage to the cell membrane. The drug is intensely irritating to tissues and is usually used only for infections where microorganisms are resistant to penicillin (see drug resistancedrug resistance,
condition in which infecting bacteria can resist the destructive effects of drugs such as antibiotics and sulfa drugs. Drug resistance has become a serious public health problem, since many disease-causing bacteria are no longer susceptible to previously
..... Click the link for more information. ). Vancomycin must be administered intravenously because it is not absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Mutant microorganisms resistant to vancomycin are rare.vancomycin[‚vaŋ·kə′mīs·ən] (microbiology) A complex antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces orientalis; useful for treatment of severe staphylococcic infections. vancomycin
vancomycin [van″ko-mi´sin] an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces orientalis, highly effective against gram-positive bacteria, especially against staphylococci; it is used as the hydrochloride salt. It is administered intravenously in the treatment of severe staphylococcal infections resistant to other antibiotics and is administered orally in the treatment of staphylococcal enterocolitis and antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis caused by Clostridium difficile. Toxic effects may be severe and include damage to the eighth cranial (vestibulocochlear) nerve and renal disorders.van·co·my·cin (van'kō-mī'sin), An antibiotic isolated from cultures of Nocardia orientalis, bactericidal against gram-positive organisms; available as the hydrochloride.vancomycin (văng′kə-mī′sĭn, văn′kə-)n. An antibiotic, C66H75Cl2N9O24, obtained from the actinomycete Amycolatopsis orientalis (formerly Streptomyces orientalis), used usually in the form of its hydrochloride to treat infections with staphylococci and other gram-positive bacteria.vancomycin A glycopeptide antibiotic effective against coccal bacteria, especially in recalcitrant staphylococcal infections–eg, MRSA, unresponsive to penicillins or cephalosporins Adverse effects Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicityvan·co·my·cin (van'kō-mī'sin) An antibiotic isolated from cultures of Nocardia orientalis, bactericidal against gram-positive organisms; available as the hydrochloride. vancomycin An antibiotic drug effective against many GRAM POSITIVE bacteria. It is toxic and its use is limited to infections that fail to respond to the common antibiotics. The drug is on the WHO official list. A brand name is Vancocin.antibiotic 1. Pertaining to the ability to destroy or inhibit other living organisms. 2. A substance derived from a mould or bacterium, or produced synthetically, that destroys (bactericidal) or inhibits the growth (bacteriostatic) of other microorganisms and is thus used to treat infections. Some substances have a narrow spectrum of activity whereas others act against a wide range of both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (broad-spectrum antibiotics). Antibiotics can be classified into several groups according to their mode of action on or within bacteria: (1) Drugs inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis, such as bacitracin, vancomycin and the β-lactams based agents (e.g. penicillin, cephalosporins (e.g. ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime). (2) Drugs affecting the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, such as polymyxin B sulfate and gramicidin. (3) Drugs inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, such as aminoglycosides (e.g. amikacin sulfate, framycetin sulfate, gentamicin, neomycin sulfate and tobramycin), tetracyclines, macrolides (e.g. erythromycin and azithromycin) and chloramphenicol. (4) Drugs inhibiting the intermediate metabolism of bacteria, such as sulfonamides (e.g. sulfacetamide sodium) and trimethoprim. (5) Drugs inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis, such as nalixidic acid and fluoroquinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, norfloxacin and ofloxacin). (6) Other antibiotics such as fusidic acid, the diamidines, such as propamidine isethionate and dibrompropamidine. Syn. antibacterial. See antiinflammatory drug; fusidic acid.van·co·my·cin (van'kō-mī'sin) Antibiotic isolated from cultures of Nocardia orientalis, bactericidal against gram-positive organisms. vancomycin
Synonyms for vancomycinnoun an antibiotic (trade name Vancocin) effective against some bacterial infectionsSynonymsRelated Words- antibiotic
- antibiotic drug
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