scrapie

scra·pie

S0165100 (skrā′pē, skrăp′ē)n. A fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats caused by a prion and marked by chronic itching and loss of muscular coordination.

[From scrape (from the scraping of itching parts of the skin against objects).]

scrapie

(ˈskreɪpɪ) n (Veterinary Science) a disease of sheep and goats: one of a group of diseases (including BSE in cattle) that are caused by a protein prion, and result in spongiform encephalopathy[C20: from scrape + -ie]

scrap•ie

(ˈskreɪ pi, ˈskræp i)

n. an infectious, usu. fatal brain disease of sheep, characterized by twitching of the neck and head, grinding of the teeth, and attempts to scrape itching portions of skin.

Thesaurus

Noun

scrapie - a fatal disease of sheep characterized by chronic itching and loss of muscular control and progressive degeneration of the central nervous systemanimal disease - a disease that typically does not affect human beings

Translations

почесуха

scrapie

scrapie:

see prionprion
, abnormal form of a protein found in mammals, believed to cause a group of diseases known as prion diseases or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Well-known prion diseases are Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and kuru in humans, scrapie in sheep, bovine
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Scrapie

a slowly developing infectious disease of sheep that is associated with degenerative changes in the central nervous system and characterized by excitability, severe itching, paralysis, and emaciation. First reported in Great Britain in 1732, scrapie is recorded today in Europe, southern Africa, India, Australia, Canada, the USA, and many other areas.

The nature of the causative agent of scrapie has not been determined. A viral hypothesis has been formulated but not substantiated. Some believe the causative agent to be a protein, whereas others believe it to be a special type of polysaccharide. There also is a membrane hypothesis, which states that the biological activity of the causative agent of scrapie is the function of a modified cell membrane.

The causative agent of scrapie is extraordinarily resistant; it can withstand boiling for three hours, is resistant to chemical agents, and preserves well in desiccated pathological material and at low temperatures. Sheep 18 months of age and older are affected. The causative agent is transmitted when sick and healthy animals are housed together and when animals graze on infected pastures. Sheep of various breeds have different susceptibilities to scrapie. Although the disease has been recorded year-round, it occurs more frequently in winter and spring. Scrapie might be related to such human diseases as multiple sclerosis and parkinsonism. The incubation period lasts one to four years. At first, infected animals are characterized by unusual behavior, increased excitability, tremors, and an abnormal gait. Itching is also a characteristic early symptom. Subsequent symptoms include emaciation, incoordination, and paralysis. The animals die several weeks after the appearance of the first symptoms.

Scrapie is diagnosed according to clinical symptoms and histological examination. A treatment has not been developed. Control and preventive measures include the refusal of entry of sheep from an infected country and the slaughter of infected flocks. Some sheep breeders discontinue hereditary lines of sheep among which scrapie has been discovered.

REFERENCES

Kukhto, A. F. “Pochesukha ovets: skreipi.” In Bolezni ovets. Moscow, 1963.
Andrewes, C. Virusy pozvonochnykh. Moscow, 1967. (Translated from English.)
Andrewes, C. Estestvennaia istoriia virusov. Moscow, 1969. (Translated from English.)

I. A. BAKULOV

scrapie

[′skrā·pē] (veterinary medicine) A transmissible, usually fatal, virus disease of sheep, characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system.

scrapie

scrap·ie

(skrap'ē, skrā'pē), A communicable spongiform encephalopathy of the central nervous system of sheep and goats caused by a prion and characterized by a very long incubation period followed by pruritus, abnormalities of gait, and invariably death; it resembles Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and kuru in humans. [from scraping by affected animals against objects to relieve itching]

scrapie

(skrā′pē, skrăp′ē)n. A fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats caused by a prion and marked by chronic itching and loss of muscular coordination.

A prion-induced infection, which causes fatal neurologic degeneration in sheep and goats, who scrape themselves on rocks and other surrogate back-scratchers; the scrapie agents are transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents, which integrate themselves into the cell membrane, possibly as replicable glycoproteins

scrap·ie

(skrā'pē) A communicable spongiform encephalopathy of the central nervous system of sheep and goats caused by a prion; resembles Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and kuru in humans. [from scraping against objects by affected animals to relieve itching]

scrapie

A fatal nervous system disease of sheep featuring a SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY. Scrapie is caused by a PRION and has an incubation period of 2 to 7 years.

scrapie

a disease of sheep, thought to be caused by PRIONS, in which the animal develops intense itching and increasing weakness, and eventually dies.

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scrap•ie

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scrapie:

Scrapie

REFERENCES

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Words related to scrapie

noun a fatal disease of sheep characterized by chronic itching and loss of muscular control and progressive degeneration of the central nervous system

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