| 释义 |
vector
vec·tor V0041300 (vĕk′tər)n.1. Mathematics a. A quantity, such as velocity, completely specified by a magnitude and a direction.b. A one-dimensional array.c. An element of a vector space.2. An organism, such as a mosquito or tick, that carries disease-causing microorganisms from one host to another.3. A bacteriophage, plasmid, or other agent that transfers genetic material from one cell to another.4. A force or influence.5. A course or direction, as of an airplane.tr.v. vec·tored, vec·tor·ing, vec·tors To guide (a pilot or aircraft, for example) by means of radio communication according to vectors.
[Latin, carrier, from vehere, vect-, to carry; see wegh- in Indo-European roots.]
vec·to′ri·al (vĕk-tôr′ē-əl) adj.vector (ˈvɛktə) n1. (Mathematics) maths Also called: polar vector a variable quantity, such as force, that has magnitude and direction and can be resolved into components that are odd functions of the coordinates. It is represented in print by a bold italic symbol: F or ̄F. Compare pseudoscalar, pseudovector, scalar1, tensor22. (Mathematics) maths an element of a vector space3. (Pathology) pathol Also called: carrier an organism, esp an insect, that carries a disease-producing microorganism from one host to another, either within or on the surface of its body4. (Genetics) genetics Also called: cloning vector an agent, such as a bacteriophage or a plasmid, by means of which a fragment of foreign DNA is inserted into a host cell to produce a gene clone in genetic engineering5. (Navigation) the course or compass direction of an aircraft6. any behavioural influence, force, or drivevb (tr) 7. (Navigation) to direct or guide (a pilot, aircraft, etc) by directions transmitted by radio8. (Aeronautics) to alter the direction of (the thrust of a jet engine) as a means of steering an aircraft[C18: from Latin: carrier, from vehere to convey] vectorial adj vecˈtorially advvec•tor (ˈvɛk tər)
n. 1. a quantity possessing both magnitude and direction, as force or velocity. Compare scalar (def. 4). 2. the direction or course followed by something, as an airplane. 3. a. something or someone, as a person or an insect, that carries and transmits a disease-causing organism. b. any agent, as a mutated virus, that acts as a carrier or transporter. v.t. 4. a. to guide (an aircraft) in flight by issuing appropriate headings. b. to change direction of (the thrust of a jet or rocket engine) in order to steer the craft. [1695–1705; < Latin: one that conveys, derivative of vehere to carry] vec•to′ri•al (-ˈtɔr i əl, -ˈtoʊr-) adj. vec•to′ri•al•ly, adv. vec·tor (vĕk′tər)1. A quantity, such as velocity or change of position, that has both magnitude and direction. Compare scalar.2. An organism, such as a mosquito or tick, that spreads disease-causing microorganisms from one host to another without harm to itself.vector
Past participle: vectored
Gerund: vectoring
| Present |
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| I vector | | you vector | | he/she/it vectors | | we vector | | you vector | | they vector |
| Preterite |
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| I vectored | | you vectored | | he/she/it vectored | | we vectored | | you vectored | | they vectored |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am vectoring | | you are vectoring | | he/she/it is vectoring | | we are vectoring | | you are vectoring | | they are vectoring |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have vectored | | you have vectored | | he/she/it has vectored | | we have vectored | | you have vectored | | they have vectored |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was vectoring | | you were vectoring | | he/she/it was vectoring | | we were vectoring | | you were vectoring | | they were vectoring |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had vectored | | you had vectored | | he/she/it had vectored | | we had vectored | | you had vectored | | they had vectored |
| Future |
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| I will vector | | you will vector | | he/she/it will vector | | we will vector | | you will vector | | they will vector |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have vectored | | you will have vectored | | he/she/it will have vectored | | we will have vectored | | you will have vectored | | they will have vectored |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be vectoring | | you will be vectoring | | he/she/it will be vectoring | | we will be vectoring | | you will be vectoring | | they will be vectoring |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been vectoring | | you have been vectoring | | he/she/it has been vectoring | | we have been vectoring | | you have been vectoring | | they have been vectoring |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been vectoring | | you will have been vectoring | | he/she/it will have been vectoring | | we will have been vectoring | | you will have been vectoring | | they will have been vectoring |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been vectoring | | you had been vectoring | | he/she/it had been vectoring | | we had been vectoring | | you had been vectoring | | they had been vectoring |
| Conditional |
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| I would vector | | you would vector | | he/she/it would vector | | we would vector | | you would vector | | they would vector |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have vectored | | you would have vectored | | he/she/it would have vectored | | we would have vectored | | you would have vectored | | they would have vectored |
vectorA quantity that is direction as well as magnitude.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | vector - a variable quantity that can be resolved into componentsvariable quantity, variable - a quantity that can assume any of a set of valuescross product, vector product - a vector that is the product of two other vectorsvector sum, resultant - a vector that is the sum of two or more other vectorsradius vector - a line connecting a point in space to the origin of a polar coordinate systemradius vector - a line connecting a satellite to the center of the body around which it is rotating | | 2. | vector - a straight line segment whose length is magnitude and whose orientation in space is directionstraight line - a line traced by a point traveling in a constant direction; a line of zero curvature; "the shortest distance between two points is a straight line"ray - (mathematics) a straight line extending from a point | | 3. |  vector - any agent (person or animal or microorganism) that carries and transmits a disease; "mosquitos are vectors of malaria and yellow fever"; "fleas are vectors of the plague"; "aphids are transmitters of plant diseases"; "when medical scientists talk about vectors they are usually talking about insects"transmitteranimal, animate being, beast, creature, fauna, brute - a living organism characterized by voluntary movementmicroorganism, micro-organism - any organism of microscopic sizeagent - an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect; "their research uncovered new disease agents"gene delivery vector, transducing vector - a vector for delivering genes into cellsimmune carrier, carrier - (medicine) a person (or animal) who has some pathogen to which he is immune but who can pass it on to others | | 4. | vector - (genetics) a virus or other agent that is used to deliver DNA to a cellvirus - (virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of proteincosmid - (genetics) a large vector that is made from a bacteriophage and used to clone genes or gene fragmentsgenetic science, genetics - the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms |
vectornounThe compass direction in which a ship or an aircraft moves:bearing, course, heading.Translationsvector
vector, quantity having both magnitude and direction; it may be represented by a directed line segment. Many physical quantities are vectors, e.g., force, velocity, and momentum. Thus, in specifying a force, one must state not only how large it is but also in what direction it acts. Representation and Reference Systems The simplest representation of a vector is as an arrow connecting two points. Thus,  is used to designate the vector represented by an arrow from point A to point B, while  designates a vector of equal magnitude in the opposite direction, from B to A. In order to compare vectors and to operate on them mathematically, however, it is necessary to have some reference system that determines scale and direction. Cartesian coordinatesCartesian coordinates
[for René Descartes], system for representing the relative positions of points in a plane or in space. In a plane, the point P is specified by the pair of numbers (x,y
..... Click the link for more information. are often used for this purpose. In the plane, two axes and unit lengths along each axis serve to determine magnitude and direction throughout the plane. For example, if the point A mentioned above has coordinates (2,3) and the point B coordinates (5,7), the size and position of the vector are thus determined. The size of the vector in the x-direction is found by projecting the vector onto the x-axis, i.e., by dropping perpendicular line segments to the x-axis. The length of this projection is simply the difference between the x-coordinates of the two points A and B, or 5 − 2 = 3. This is called the x-component of the vector. Similarly, the y-component of the vector is found to be 7 − 3 = 4. A vector is frequently expressed by giving its components with respect to the coordinate axes; thus, our vector becomes [3,4].
Knowledge of the components of a vector enables one to compute its magnitude—in this case, 5, from the Pythagorean theorem [(32 + 42)1/2 = 5)]—and its direction from trigonometry, once the lengths of the sides of the right triangle formed by the vector and its components are known. (Trigonometry can also be used to find the component of the vector as projected in some direction other than the x-axis or y-axis.) Since the vector points from A to B, both its components are positive; if it pointed from B to A, its components would be [−3,−4] but its magnitude and orientation would be the same. It is obvious that an infinite number of vectors can have the same components [3,4], since there are an infinite number of pairs of points in the plane with x- and y-coordinates whose respective differences are 3 and 4. All these vectors have the same magnitude and direction, being parallel to one another, and are considered equal. Thus, any vector with components a and b can be considered as equal to the vector [a,b] directed from the origin (0,0) to the point (a,b). The concept of a vector can be extended to three or more dimensions. Addition and Multiplication of Vectors The addition, or composition, of two vectors can be accomplished either algebraically or graphically. For example, to add the two vectors U [−3,1] and V [5,2], one can add their corresponding components to find the resultant vector R [2,3], or one can graph U and V on a set of coordinate axes and complete the parallelogram formed with U and V as adjacent sides to obtain R as the diagonal from the common vertex of U and V.
Two different kinds of multiplication are defined for vectors in three dimensions. The scalar, or dot, product of two vectors, A and B, is a scalar, or quantity that has a magnitude but no direction, rather than a vector, and is equal to the product of the magnitudes of A and B and the cosine of the angle θ between them, or A ⋅ B = |A| |B| cos θ. The vector, or cross, product of A and B is a vector, A × B, whose magnitude is equal to |A| |B| sin θ and whose orientation is perpendicular to both A and B and pointing in the direction in which a right-hand screw would advance if turned from A to B through the angle θ. The vector product is an example of a kind of multiplication that does not follow the commutative lawcommutative law,
in mathematics, law holding that for a given binary operation (combining two quantities) the order of the quantities is arbitrary; e.g., in addition, the numbers 2 and 5 can be combined as 2+5=7 or as 5+2=7.
..... Click the link for more information. , since A × B = −B × A. Vector Analysis and Vector Space The components of a vector need not be constants but can also be variables and functionsfunction,
in mathematics, a relation f that assigns to each member x of some set X a corresponding member y of some set Y; y is said to be a function of x, usually denoted f(x) (read "f of x ").
..... Click the link for more information. of variables. For example, the position of a body moving through space can be described by a vector whose x, y, and z components are each functions of time. The methods of the calculuscalculus,
branch of mathematics that studies continuously changing quantities. The calculus is characterized by the use of infinite processes, involving passage to a limit—the notion of tending toward, or approaching, an ultimate value.
..... Click the link for more information. may be applied to such vector functions, leading to the branch of mathematics known as vector analysis. The more general extension of vectors leads to the concept of a vector space. A vector space is a set of elements, A, B, C, … , called vectors, for which the operations of addition of vectors and multiplication of a vector by a scalar are defined and which satisfies ten axioms relating to such properties as closure under both operations, associativity, commutativity, and existence of a zero vector, an additive inverse (negative of a vector), and a unit scalar. Bibliography See P. Gustyatnikov and S. Reznichenko, Vector Algebra (1988); J. E. Marsden and A. Tromba, Vector Calculus (1988). Vector in the geometric sense, a directed line segment—that is, a segment whose beginning (also called the point of application) and end are indicated. Vectors are denoted by bold Latin letters a, b, … or the ordinary letters with lines or arrows above them:  A vector that starts at point A and ends at point B is denoted by  . The straight line on which the vector is located is called the line of action of the given vector. The concept of a vector arose in connection with the study of quantities that were characterized by a numerical value and a direction—for example, the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a moving material point; the force acting on it; and so forth. Mechanics and physics classify vectors as free, sliding, or bound. A free vector is a vector whose value is not changed by an arbitrary, parallel displacement. An example of a free vector is the velocity of motion of a material point. A vector is called sliding if its value is not changed by any parallel displacement along its line of action. An example of a sliding vector is a force acting on an absolutely rigid body (two forces that are equal and located on the same straight line produce identical actions on an absolutely rigid body). A bound vector has its point of application fixed. For example, a force applied to a certain point of an elastic body is a bound vector. The properties of free vectors are studied in vector algebra. The general concept of a vector as an element of a so-called vector space is defined axiomatically. REFERENCEIl’in, V. A., and E. G. Pozniak. Analiticheskaia geometriia. Moscow, 1968.E. G. POZNIAK
Vector (in medicine), an arthropod that transfers the causative agent of an infectious or parasitic disease between humans and animals. Insects that can act as vectors include such bloodsuckers as fleas, true lice, mosquitoes, members of the family Phlebotomidae, simuliids, and tabanids. Ticks, mites, and non-bloodsucking insects can also be vectors, for example, flies, cockroaches, and ants. A distinction is made between a biological vector, in whose body the causative agent develops and reproduces, and a mechanical vector, which is not essential to the causative agent’s life cycle. For example, the malarial plasmodium develops inside a mosquito that acts as a biological vector, while the causative agents of intestinal infections are transferred by mechanical vectors. Bloodsucking vectors transmit a causative agent while they suck blood. For instance, malaria and yellow fever are transmitted by mosquitoes, tick-borne encephalitis by ticks, and plague by fleas. The causative agent of an infection may penetrate the human body when the excrement of bloodsucking insects falls on injured skin, as in the transmission of European typhus by lice, or when the blood of crushed vectors falls on injured skin, as in relapsing fever. To transmit an infection, a bloodsucking vector must first suck the blood of an affected human or animal, which act as sources of infection. In certain diseases, for example, malaria and European typhus, only humans can be sources, while in tick-borne encephalitides, relapsing fever, phlebotomus fever, and leishmaniases, such animals as rodents, wolves, birds, dogs, cows, and goats can be sources. The diseases that are carried by bloodsucking vectors are called transmissible diseases. Several vectors, for example, the ticks that transfer the virus of tick-borne encephalitis, transmit viruses to their own offspring from generation to generation. A natural geographic focus of infection can arise where a reservoir of infection exists among wild animals and where the causative agents can circulate among those animals and the vectors. Non-bloodsucking insects carry causative agents on their legs and hairs and in their excrement. Vectors are controlled by insecticides. Repellents, mosquito netting, and overalls worn during travel in areas that are infested with ticks and mites protect against bites. V. L. VASILEVSKII vector[′vek·tər] (computer science) jump vector (mathematics) An element of a vector space. A matrix consisting of a single row or a single column of entries. (medicine) An agent, such as an insect, capable of mechanically or biologically transferring a pathogen from one organism to another. (navigation) To guide a pilot, navigator, aircraft, or missile from one point to another within a given time by means of a direction communicated to the craft. (physics) A quantity which has both magnitude and direction, and whose components transform from one coordinate system to another in the same manner as the components of a displacement. Also known as polar vector. vectori. A quantity having both magnitude and direction. In air navigation, it is normally expressed graphically as  , as in expressing wind speed and direction. The first three digits indicate direction, and the next two or three digits after the stroke indicate the wind speed.
ii. To guide a pilot, navigator, aircraft, or missile from one point to another within a given time by means of a vector communicated to the craft, as in “He vectored the fighter to the intruder.” To instruct a pilot on which heading to take, as in “He vectored him to the alternate airfield.”vector1. Maths a variable quantity, such as force, that has magnitude and direction and can be resolved into components that are odd functions of the coordinates. It is represented in print by a bold italic symbol: F 2. Maths an element of a vector space 3. Pathol an organism, esp an insect, that carries a disease-producing microorganism from one host to another, either within or on the surface of its body 4. Genetics an agent, such as a bacteriophage or a plasmid, by means of which a fragment of foreign DNA is inserted into a host cell to produce a gene clone in genetic engineering 5. the course or compass direction of an aircraft vector (mathematics)A member of a vector space.vector (graphics)A line or movement defined by its end points, orby the current position and one other point. See vector graphics.vector (operating system)A memory location containing the addressof some code, often some kind of exception handler or otheroperating system service. By changing the vector to pointto a different piece of code it is possible to modify thebehaviour of the operating system.
Compare hook.vector (programming)A one-dimensional array.vector(1) In computer graphics, a line designated by its end points (X-Y or X-Y-Z coordinates). When a circle is drawn, it is made up of many small vectors. See vector graphics and graphics.
(2) In matrix algebra, a one-row or one-column matrix.
(3) An airplane's travel path.
(4) The term is used generically for "pathway" or "avenue" or even an influence of some type. For example, "x, y and z provide multiple threat vectors for malware intrusion" means there are multiple ways for intrusion to occur.vector
vector [vek´tor] 1. a carrier, especially the animal (usually an arthropod) that transfers an infective agent from one host to another. Examples are the mosquito that carries the malaria parasite Plasmodium between humans, and the tsetse fly that carries trypanosomes from other animals to humans. Dogs, bats, and other animals are vectors that transmit the rabies virus to humans.2. a plasmid or viral chromosome into whose genome a fragment of foreign DNA is inserted, used to introduce the foreign DNA into a host cell in the cloning of DNA.3. a quantity possessing magnitude, direction, and sense (positivity or negativity), and commonly represented by a straight line resembling an arrow; the length of the line denotes magnitude, the arrowhead denotes sense, and the position of the line with respect to an axis of reference denotes direction. adj., adj vector´ial.biological vector an animal vector in whose body the pathogenic organism develops and multiplies before being transmitted to the next host.mechanical vector an animal vector not essential to the life cycle of the parasite.vec·tor (vek'tŏr, tōr), 1. An invertebrate animal (for example, tick, mite, mosquito, bloodsucking fly) capable of transmitting an infectious agent among vertebrates. 2. Anything (for example, velocity, mechanical force, electromotive force) having magnitude and direction; it can be represented by a straight line of appropriate length and direction. 3. The net electrical axis of any ECG wave (usually QRS) the length of which is proportional to the magnitude of the electrical force, the direction of which gives the direction of the force and the tip of which represents the positive pole of the force. 4. DNA such as a chromosome or plasmid that autonomously replicates in a cell into which another DNA segment may be inserted and be itself replicated, as in cloning. 5. Synonym(s): recombinant vector6. Recombinant DNA systems especially suited for production of large quantities of specific proteins in bacterial, yeast, insect, or mammalian cell systems. [L. vector, a carrier] vector (vĕk′tər)n.1. An organism, such as a mosquito or tick, that carries disease-causing microorganisms from one host to another.2. A bacteriophage, plasmid, or other agent that transfers genetic material from one cell to another.
vec·to′ri·al (vĕk-tôr′ē-əl) adj.vector An MRI term for a force which is commonly represented as an arrow. The length of the line segment represents the magnitude, and its orientation in space represents its direction.vector Epidemiology 1. An 'inactive' vehicle of transport of an agent of disease; an intermediate host of parasites with indirect life cycles.2. A thing that transmits a pathogen–eg, an arthropod transporting viruses and parasites, or an inanimate intermediary in indirect transmission of an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host; a carrier that transmits a pathogen from one host to another.vec·tor (vek'tŏr) 1. An invertebrate animal (e.g., tick, mite, mosquito, bloodsucking fly) capable of transmitting an infectious agent among vertebrates. 2. Anything (e.g., velocity, mechanical force, electromotive force) having magnitude and direction; can be represented by a straight line of appropriate length and direction. 3. The net electrical axis of any electrocardiographic wave (usually QRS), the length of which is proportional to the magnitude of the electrical force: its direction gives the direction of the force, and its tip represents the positive pole of the force. 4. DNA (e.g., a chromosome or plasmid) that autonomously replicates in a cell to which another DNA segment may be inserted and be itself replicated, as in cloning. 5. Synonym(s): recombinant vector. 6. Recombinant DNA systems especially suited for production of large quantities of specific proteins in bacterial, yeast, insect, or mammalian cell systems. [L. vector, a carrier]vector An animal such as an insect, capable of transmitting an infectious disease from one person to another. The disease organism develops and multiplies in the vector and may pass through various stages, or may even be transmitted through one or more generations of the vector, before being passed on to a human host. From the Latin vectus , one who carries.vector - any organism that transmits a parasite. For example, the Anopheles mosquito transmits the MALARIA PARASITE.
- plasmid or virus DNA used to introduce genes into a host cell, where the genes may be amplified (GENE CLONING) or otherwise manipulated. see GENETIC ENGINEERING.
VectorAn animal carrier that transfers an infectious organism from one host to another. The vector that transmits Lyme disease from wildlife to humans is the deer tick or black-legged tick.Mentioned in: Bartonellosis, Dengue Fever, Hemorrhagic Fevers, Leishmaniasis, Lyme Disease, Rabiesvec·tor (vek'tŏr) 1. An invertebrate animal (e.g., tick, mite, mosquito, bloodsucking fly) capable of transmitting an infectious agent among vertebrates. 2. Anything (e.g., velocity, mechanical force, electromotive force) having magnitude and direction. 3. Synonym(s): recombinant vector. [L. vector, a carrier]LegalSeecarrierSee VTR
VECTOR
| Acronym | Definition |
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| VECTOR➣Video Exploration of Careers, Transitions, Opportunities and Realities (Canadian Foundation for Economic Education) | | VECTOR➣Visualisation of the Exposure of Cyclists to Traffic On Roads (Europe) | | VECTOR➣Vectoring, Extremely Short Takeoff and Landing Control and Tail-Less Operation Research (X-31 research aircraft) | | VECTOR➣Value-added Enterprise Communications Through Open-systems Resources (Sprint) |
vector
Related to vector: free vectorSynonyms for vectornoun the compass direction in which a ship or an aircraft movesSynonymsSynonyms for vectornoun a variable quantity that can be resolved into componentsRelated Words- variable quantity
- variable
- cross product
- vector product
- vector sum
- resultant
- radius vector
noun a straight line segment whose length is magnitude and whose orientation in space is directionRelated Wordsnoun any agent (person or animal or microorganism) that carries and transmits a diseaseSynonymsRelated Words- animal
- animate being
- beast
- creature
- fauna
- brute
- microorganism
- micro-organism
- agent
- gene delivery vector
- transducing vector
- immune carrier
- carrier
noun (genetics) a virus or other agent that is used to deliver DNA to a cellRelated Words- virus
- cosmid
- genetic science
- genetics
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