reverse transcriptase inhibitor

inhibitor

[in-hib´ĭ-tor] 1. any substance that interferes with a chemical reaction, growth, or other biologic activity.2. a chemical substance that inhibits or checks the action of a tissue organizer or the growth of microorganisms.3. an effector that reduces the catalytic activity of an enzyme.ACE i's (angiotensin-converting enzyme i's) see angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.angiogenesis inhibitor a group of drugs that prevent growth of new blood vessels into a solid tumor.aromatase i's a class of drugs that inhibit aromatase activity and thus block production of estrogens; used to treat breast cancer and endometriosis.C1 inhibitor (C1 INH) a member of the serpin group, an inhibitor of C1, the initial component activated in the pathway" >classical complement pathway. Deficiency of or defect in the protein causes angioedema" >hereditary angioedema.carbonic anhydrase inhibitor an agent that inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase" >carbonic anhydrase; used in treatment of glaucoma and sometimes for epilepsy, paralysis" >familial periodic paralysis, acute mountain sickness, and kidney stones of uric acid.cholinesterase inhibitor anticholinesterase.COX-2 i's (cyclooxygenase-2 i's) a group of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs that act by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 activity; they have fewer gastrointestinal side effects than other NSAIDs. Two members of the group are celecoxib and rofecoxib.gastric acid pump inhibitor an agent that inhibits gastric acid secretion by blocking the action of H⁺,K⁺-ATPase at the secretory surface of gastric parietal cells; called also proton pump i.HIV protease inhibitor any of a group of antiretroviral drugs active against the human immunodeficiency virus; they prevent protease-mediated cleavage of viral polyproteins, causing production of immature viral particles that are noninfective. Examples include indinavir sulfate, nelfinavir mesylate, ritonavir, and saquinavir.HMG-CoA reductase i's a group of drugs that competitively inhibit the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis, and are used to lower plasma lipoprotein levels in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia. Called also statins.MAO inhibitor monoamine oxidase inhibitor.membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL) protectin.monoamine oxidase inhibitor any of a group of drugs that inhibit the action of monoamine oxidase" >monoamine oxidase, the enzyme that breaks down norepinephrine" >norepinephrine and serotonin" >serotonin, prescribed for their antidepressant action; the most widely used ones are isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine. They are also used in the prevention of migraine.α₂-plasmin inhibitor α₂-antiplasmin.plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) any of several regulators of the fibrinolytic system that act by binding to and inhibiting free activator" >plasminogen activator. Their concentration in plasma is normally low, but is altered in some disturbances of bodily hemostasis. PAI-1 is an important fast-reacting inhibitor of activator" >t-plasminogen activator and activator" >u-plasminogen activator. Its synthesis, activity, and release are highly regulated; elevated levels of it have been described in a number of disease states. PAI-2 is a normally minor inhibitor that greatly increases in concentration during pregnancy and in certain disorders. PAI-3 is protein C inhibitor.platelet inhibitor any of a group of agents that inhibit the clotting activity of platelets; the most common ones are aspirin and dipyridamole. See also therapy" >antiplatelet therapy.protease inhibitor 1. a substance that blocks activity of endopeptidase (protease), such as in a virus.2. HIV protease inhibitor.protein C inhibitor the primary inhibitor of activated anticoagulant protein C; it is a glycoprotein of the serpin family of proteinase inhibitors and also inhibits several other proteins involved in coagulation (thrombin, kallikrein, and coagulation factors X and XI) and urokinase. Called also plasminogen activator inhibitor 3.proton pump inhibitor gastric acid pump i.reverse transcriptase inhibitor a substance that blocks activity of the reverse transcriptase of a retrovirus and is used as an antiretroviral agent. Some are nucleosides or analogues" >nucleoside analogues, and those that are not are therefore often called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) any of a group of drugs that inhibit the inactivation of serotonin by blocking its absorption in the central nervous system; used as antidepressants and in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder.serine protease inhibitor (serine proteinase inhibitor) serpin.topoisomerase i's a class of antineoplastic agents that interfere with the arrangement of DNA in cells.

reverse transcriptase inhibitor

n. Abbr. RTI Any of various antiviral compounds that interfere with the activity of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is found especially in retroviruses such as HIV. These compounds are divided into two classes: those that are nucleoside analogs (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) and those that are not nucleoside analogs (non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors).