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单词 togoland
释义

Togoland


To·go·land

T0249250 (tō′gō-lănd′) A historical region of western Africa including modern Togo and parts of Ghana. A German protectorate after 1884, the area was divided (1922) between Britain and France under a League of Nations mandate, later administered as separate UN trust territories. British Togoland became part of independent Ghana in 1957, with French Togoland gaining independence as Togo in 1960.

Togoland

(ˈtəʊɡəʊˌlænd) n (Placename) a former German protectorate in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea: divided in 1922 into the League of Nations mandates of British Togoland (west) and French Togoland (east); the former joined Ghana in 1957; the latter became independent as Togo in 1960

To•go•land

(ˈtoʊ goʊˌlænd)

n. a region in W Africa, on the Gulf of Guinea: a German protectorate until 1919, then divided between France and Great Britain; the French part is now the Republic of Togo; the British part is now part of Ghana. To′go•land`er, n.
Translations

Togoland


Togoland

(tō`gōlănd') or

Togo

(tō`gō), historic region (c.33,500 sq mi/86,800 sq km), W Africa, bordering on the Gulf of Guinea in the south. The western section of Togoland is now part of GhanaGhana,
officially Republic of Ghana, republic (2015 est. pop. 27,583,000), 92,099 sq mi (238,536 sq km), W Africa, on the Gulf of Guinea, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean. The capital and largest city is Accra.
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, and the eastern portion constitutes the Republic of TogoTogo,
officially Togolese Republic, republic (2015 est. pop. 7,417,000), 21,622 sq mi (56,000 sq km), W Africa. It borders on the Gulf of Guinea in the south, on Ghana in the west, on Burkina Faso in the north, and on Benin in the east.
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. The primary inhabitants of the region are the EweEwe
, African people, numbering over 3 million, who live in SE Ghana, S Togo, and S Benin. When German Togoland was partitioned after World War I, the Ewe in that colony were divided between France and Britain.
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 in the south and various Voltaic-speaking ethnic groups in the north. From the 17th cent. until the early 19th cent. the AshantiAshanti
or Asante
, historic and modern administrative region, central Ghana, W Africa. The region is the source of much of Ghana's cocoa. It is inhabited by the Ashanti, a matrilineal Akan people who constitute one of Ghana's major ethnic groups. Before the 13th cent.
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 (situated in present-day Ghana) raided Togoland for slaves, who were then sold to European traders at the coast. European penetration of the region began in the 1840s with the arrival of German missionaries and German merchants who bought palm products. In 1884, Gustav NachtigalNachtigal, Gustav
, 1834–85, German explorer in Africa. He went (1869) on a mission for the king of Prussia to the sultan of Bornu. He visited the central Sahara region and reached Khartoum in 1874. In 1884 he annexed Togoland and the Cameroons for Germany.
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 signed treaties with several coastal rulers, and a German protectorate over S Togoland was recognized by the Conference of Berlin (1884–85). German military expeditions gained control of N Togoland during the 1890s, and the protectorate's boundaries were further delimited in treaties with France (1897) and Great Britain (1904). Germany instituted much economic development, building roads and railroads, constructing a good port at LoméLomé
, city (2010 pop. 837,437), capital of Togo, on the Gulf of Guinea. It is the country's administrative, communications, and industrial center, and the chief port, handling such items as coffee, cocoa, copra, and palm nuts.
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, and encouraging the production of palm products, rubber, cotton, and cacao. However, German levies of direct taxes and forced labor aroused resentment among the Togolese. In Aug., 1914, British and French forces easily captured Togoland from the Germans in the first Allied victory of World War I. In 1922, the League of Nations divided the region into two mandates, one French and the other British, and in 1946 the mandates became trust territories of the United Nations. French Togoland was administered as a separate unit (except between 1934 and 1937, when it was joined with Dahomey), and in 1960 it became independent as the Republic of Togo. British Togoland, made up of W Togoland, was administered as part of the British Gold Coast colony and protectorate and in 1957 became part of the independent state of Ghana.

Bibliography

See R. Cornevin, Histoire du Togo (3d ed. 1969, in French).

Togoland

a former German protectorate in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea: divided in 1922 into the League of Nations mandates of British Togoland (west) and French Togoland (east); the former joined Ghana in 1957; the latter became independent as Togo in 1960
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