Tuchkov

family name of heroes of the Patriotic War of 1812 who were sons of Aleksei Vasil’evich Tuchkov (1729–99), lieutenant general of the engineers and senator.

Nikolai Alekseevich Tuchkov. Born Apr. 16 (27), 1765; died Oct. 30 (Nov. 11), 1812. Lieutenant general (1799).

N. A. Tuchkov fought in wars with Sweden (1788–90) and Poland (1792–94). In 1799, during the War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802), he commanded a regiment in General A. M. Rim-skii-Korsakov’s corps and fought in the battle of Zurich. In the War of the Fourth Coalition (1806–07), Tuchkov commanded a division and the right wing of the army at the battle of Preussisch Eylau. In the Russo-Swedish War of 1808–09 he served as a division commander. In 1812, Tuchkov became commanding officer of the III Infantry Corps, which distinguished itself in the battles of Ostrovnaia and Smolensk. During the battle of Borodino (1812), his corps occupied défensive positions on the extreme left flank of the Russian army at the village of Utitsa, protecting the Staraia Smolenskaia Road. At a crucial moment in the battle, Tuchkov led a counterattack and was fatally wounded.

Sergei Alekseevich Tuchkov. Born Oct. 1 (12), 1767; died Feb. 3 (15), 1839. Military writer, poet. Lieutenant general (1829) and senator.

S. A. Tuchkov fought in wars with Sweden (1788–90) and Poland (1792–94). In 1802 he became head of the civil administration in Georgia. From 1808 to 1812 he fought in the Russo-Turk-ish War of 1806–12. During the Patriotic War of 1812, Tuchkov was a general on special assignment with the Army of the Danube, and in the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29 he was attached to the commander in chief of the Russian Army. Tuchkov was the author of the Military Dictionary (parts 1–2,1818)—the forerunner of the Russian military encyclopedia—and Works and Translations (parts 1–4,1816–17) and Notes (1908).

Pavel Alekseevich Tuchkov. Born Oct. 8 (19), 1775; died Jan. 24 (Feb. 5), 1858. Major general (1803).

During the Russo-Swedish War of 1808–09, P. A. Tuchkov served as a brigade commander. In 1812, at the beginning of the war with France, he commanded rearguard units of the II Infantry Corps. After the battle of Smolensk, Tuchkov commanded an advance guard of the right column of the withdrawing First Army, during the battle of Valutina Hill (Aug. 7) he successfully delayed the enemy and ensured the safe withdrawal of the First Army. Tuchkov was seriously wounded and taken prisoner. He was given command of a division in 1815 and retired in 1819. Tuchkov entered the civil service in 1826 and became a member of the Council of State in 1838.

Aleksandr Alekseevich Tuchkov. Bbrn Mar. 3 (14), 1778, in Kiev; died Aug. 26 (Sept. 7), 1812, near the village of Seme-no vskaia, in present-day Mozhaisk Raion, Moscow Oblast. Major general (1808).

In the War of the Fourth Coalition (1806–07), A. A. Tuchkov commanded a regiment. During the Russo-Swedish War of 1808–09 he was a general on special assignment at the headquarters of the commander in chief. In 1812, Tuchkov was commanding officer of a brigade of the 3rd Infantry Division, which distinguished itself at Vitebsk and Smolensk. He was killed at the battle of Borodino in a counterattack at the Semenov flèches. Tuchkov’s wife, M. M. Tuchkova (1781–1852), built a church near the Semenov flèches in 1820 and in 1839 founded the Spa-so-Borodino Monastery for Women.