planing

plane¹

P0345300 (plān)n.1. Mathematics A surface containing all the straight lines that connect any two points on it.2. A flat or level surface.3. A level of development, existence, or achievement: scholarship on a high plane.4. An airplane or hydroplane.5. A supporting surface of an airplane; an airfoil or wing.adj.1. Mathematics Of or being a figure lying in a plane: a plane curve.2. Flat; level. See Synonyms at level.

[Latin plānum, flat surface, from neuter of plānus, flat; see pelə- in Indo-European roots. N., sense 4, short for aeroplane.]

plane′ness n.

plane²

P0345300 (plān)n.1. A carpenter's tool with an adjustable blade for smoothing and leveling wood.2. A trowel-shaped tool for smoothing the surface of clay, sand, or plaster in a mold.v. planed, plan·ing, planes v.tr.1. To smooth or finish with a plane: planed the door.2. To remove with a plane: plane off the rough edges on a board.v.intr. To work with a plane.

[Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin plāna, from plānāre, to plane, from plānus, flat; see pelə- in Indo-European roots.]

plane³

P0345300 (plān)intr.v. planed, plan·ing, planes 1. To rise partly out of the water, as a hydroplane does at high speeds.2. To soar or glide.3. To travel by airplane.

[Middle English planen, to glide, soar, from Old French planer, from plain, flat, level; see plain.]

plane⁴

P0345300 (plān)n. The plane tree.

[Middle English, from Old French, from Latin platanus, from Greek platanos, perhaps from platus, broad; see plat- in Indo-European roots.]

Translations

piallatura

Planing

planing

[′plān·iŋ] (engineering) Smoothing or shaping the surface of wood, metal, or plastic workpieces.

Planing

the process of machining materials, accompanied by chip removal; it is performed by the relative reciprocal motion of a tool, such as a planing cutter or blade, or of the workpiece. Chip removal usually occurs during the cutting stroke.

In planing metal, the cutting speed is defined as the speed v_c (in m/min) of the straight-line motion of the cutter (on shapers, see Figure 1) or of the workpiece (on a standard planer) during the cutting stroke. The feed s (in mm per double stroke) is the lateral movement of the workpiece per double stroke of the cutter (on a shaper) or of the cutter per double stroke of the workpiece (on a standard planer). The depth of cut t (in mm) is the difference between the height of the machined surface and the height of the surface before machining. The production time for planing is defined as

where B is the relative movement (in mm) of the cutter or work-piece in the direction of feed, n is the number of double strokes per minute of the cutter or workpiece, and l is the number of passes of the cutter.

Figure 1. Diagram of the planing process on a shaper: (1) surface being worked, (2) cutting plane, (3) base plane, (4) bearing surface of the cutter, (5) machined surface, (6) cutting surface; (a) and (b) thickness and width, respectively, of the cut layer

Multitool planing makes better use of a planer’s capacity (Figure 2). High-output finish planing uses wide planing cutters with auxiliary cutting edges set at an angle φ₁ = 0^c. The cutters have lengths 1.2–1.8 times greater than the length of the feed, and they are equipped with hard-alloy faces. Large feeds—up to 20 mm per double stroke—are used. Efficient cutting conditions for planing are determined by the same procedures used for turning; the proper correction coefficients must be taken into account.

Figure 2. Diagram of multitool planing: (1), (2), (3), and (4) cutters; (s) feed

The principal drawbacks of planing are the impact of the cutting tool at the beginning of each stroke and the presence of a return stroke, which decreases the tool life and the productivity of the operation.

In woodworking, planing consists in the removal of material in the form of shavings by means of hand woodworking tools, such as planes, and the working of wood to produce planed, one-ply veneers.

REFERENCES

Obrabotka metallov rezaniem, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1962.
Rezante konstruktsionnykh materialov, rezhushchie instrumenty i stanki. Edited by P. G. Petrukha. Moscow, 1974.
Arshinov, V. A., and G. A. Alekseev. Rezanie metallov i rezhushchii instrument, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1967.

D. L. IUDIN

planing

A process for smoothing the surface of a material by shaving off small fragments.

单词	planing
释义	planing plane¹ P0345300 (plān)n.1. Mathematics A surface containing all the straight lines that connect any two points on it.2. A flat or level surface.3. A level of development, existence, or achievement: scholarship on a high plane.4. An airplane or hydroplane.5. A supporting surface of an airplane; an airfoil or wing.adj.1. Mathematics Of or being a figure lying in a plane: a plane curve.2. Flat; level. See Synonyms at level. [Latin plānum, flat surface, from neuter of plānus, flat; see pelə- in Indo-European roots. N., sense 4, short for aeroplane.] plane′ness n. plane² P0345300 (plān)n.1. A carpenter's tool with an adjustable blade for smoothing and leveling wood.2. A trowel-shaped tool for smoothing the surface of clay, sand, or plaster in a mold.v. planed, plan·ing, planes v.tr.1. To smooth or finish with a plane: planed the door.2. To remove with a plane: plane off the rough edges on a board.v.intr. To work with a plane. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin plāna, from plānāre, to plane, from plānus, flat; see pelə- in Indo-European roots.] plane³ P0345300 (plān)intr.v. planed, plan·ing, planes 1. To rise partly out of the water, as a hydroplane does at high speeds.2. To soar or glide.3. To travel by airplane. [Middle English planen, to glide, soar, from Old French planer, from plain, flat, level; see plain.] plane⁴ P0345300 (plān)n. The plane tree. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin platanus, from Greek platanos, perhaps from platus, broad; see plat- in Indo-European roots.] Translations piallatura IdiomsSeeplane Planing planing [′plān·iŋ] (engineering) Smoothing or shaping the surface of wood, metal, or plastic workpieces. Planing the process of machining materials, accompanied by chip removal; it is performed by the relative reciprocal motion of a tool, such as a planing cutter or blade, or of the workpiece. Chip removal usually occurs during the cutting stroke. In planing metal, the cutting speed is defined as the speed v_c (in m/min) of the straight-line motion of the cutter (on shapers, see Figure 1) or of the workpiece (on a standard planer) during the cutting stroke. The feed s (in mm per double stroke) is the lateral movement of the workpiece per double stroke of the cutter (on a shaper) or of the cutter per double stroke of the workpiece (on a standard planer). The depth of cut t (in mm) is the difference between the height of the machined surface and the height of the surface before machining. The production time for planing is defined as where B is the relative movement (in mm) of the cutter or work-piece in the direction of feed, n is the number of double strokes per minute of the cutter or workpiece, and l is the number of passes of the cutter. Figure 1. Diagram of the planing process on a shaper: (1) surface being worked, (2) cutting plane, (3) base plane, (4) bearing surface of the cutter, (5) machined surface, (6) cutting surface; (a) and (b) thickness and width, respectively, of the cut layer Multitool planing makes better use of a planer’s capacity (Figure 2). High-output finish planing uses wide planing cutters with auxiliary cutting edges set at an angle φ₁ = 0^c. The cutters have lengths 1.2–1.8 times greater than the length of the feed, and they are equipped with hard-alloy faces. Large feeds—up to 20 mm per double stroke—are used. Efficient cutting conditions for planing are determined by the same procedures used for turning; the proper correction coefficients must be taken into account. Figure 2. Diagram of multitool planing: (1), (2), (3), and (4) cutters; (s) feed The principal drawbacks of planing are the impact of the cutting tool at the beginning of each stroke and the presence of a return stroke, which decreases the tool life and the productivity of the operation. In woodworking, planing consists in the removal of material in the form of shavings by means of hand woodworking tools, such as planes, and the working of wood to produce planed, one-ply veneers. REFERENCES Obrabotka metallov rezaniem, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1962. Rezante konstruktsionnykh materialov, rezhushchie instrumenty i stanki. Edited by P. G. Petrukha. Moscow, 1974. Arshinov, V. A., and G. A. Alekseev. Rezanie metallov i rezhushchii instrument, 2nd ed. Moscow, 1967. D. L. IUDIN planing A process for smoothing the surface of a material by shaving off small fragments. planing planing [pla´ning] 1. abrasion of disfigured skin to promote reepithelization with minimal scarring; done by mechanical means (dermabrasion) or by application of a caustic (chemabrasion). See also plastic surgery.2. root planing.root planing smoothing of the root surface of a tooth after subgingival scaling or débridement. der·ma·bra·sion (dĕrm'ă-brā'zhŭn) Operative procedure used to remove acne scars or pits performed with sandpaper, rotating wire brushes, or other abrasive materials. Synonym(s): planing.
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planing

plane 1

plane 2

plane 3

plane 4

Planing

planing

Planing

REFERENCES

planing

planing

planing

der·ma·bra·sion

plane¹

plane²

plane³

plane⁴