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placebo
pla·ce·bo P0342400 (plə-sē′bō)n. pl. pla·ce·bos or pla·ce·boes 1. a. A substance that has positive effects as a result of a patient's perception that it is beneficial rather than as a result of a causative ingredient.b. An inactive substance or preparation used as a control in an experiment or test to determine the effectiveness of a medicinal drug.2. Something of no intrinsic remedial value that is used to appease or reassure another.3. (plä-chā′bō) Roman Catholic Church The service or office of vespers for the dead.
[Latin placēbō, I shall please, first person sing. future tense of Latin placēre, to please; see plāk- in Indo-European roots. Sense 3, from Late Latin placēbō, I shall please, the first word of the first antiphon of the vespers service (taken from a phrase in the following psalm, placēbō Dominō in regiōne vīvōrum, "I shall please the Lord in the land of the living").]Word History: Like the word dirge, placebo has its origin in the Office of the Dead, the cycle of prayers traditionally sung or recited for the repose of the souls of the dead. The traditional liturgical language of the Roman Catholic Church is Latin, and in Latin, the first word of the first antiphon of the vespers service is placēbō, "I shall please." This word is taken from a phrase in the psalm text that is recited after the antiphon, placēbō Dominō in regiōne vīvōrum, "I shall please the Lord in the land of the living." The vespers service of the Office of the Dead came to be called placebo in Middle English, and the expression sing placebo came to mean "to flatter, be obsequious." Chaucer, for example, uses the phrase on two occasions. In the Summoner's Tale, a friar offers the following piece of advice: Beth war, therfor, with lordes how ye pleye. / Singeth placebo and 'I shal if I kan,' "Be wary, therefore, how you deal with lords. / Sing 'Placebo' and 'I shall if I can.'" Placebo eventually came to mean "flatterer" and "sycophant." In the 1700s, placebo began to be used of prescriptions written by a physician solely to please a patient, as by satisfying the patient's desire to take medicine. In many cases, the patient would actually benefit, thanks to what became known as the placebo effect. Later, placebo came to refer to neutral substances used in controlled studies testing the effectiveness of medications.placebo (pləˈsiːbəʊ) n, pl -bos or -boes1. (Medicine) med an inactive substance or other sham form of therapy administered to a patient usually to compare its effects with those of a real drug or treatment, but sometimes for the psychological benefit to the patient through his believing he is receiving treatment. See also control group, placebo effect2. something said or done to please or humour another3. (Roman Catholic Church) RC Church a traditional name for the vespers of the office for the dead[C13 (in the ecclesiastical sense): from Latin Placebo Domino I shall please the Lord (from the opening of the office for the dead); C19 (in the medical sense)]pla•ce•bo (pləˈsi boʊ for 1; plɑˈtʃeɪ boʊ for 2)
n., pl. -bos, -boes. 1. a. a substance having no pharmacological effect but given to placate a patient who supposes it to be a medicine. b. a pharmacologically inactive substance or a sham procedure administered as a control in testing the efficacy of a drug or course of action. 2. the vespers for the office of the dead. [1175–1225; Middle English < Latin placēbō I shall be pleasing, acceptable] pla·ce·bo (plə-sē′bō) A substance resembling a drug but containing only inactive ingredients, used especially in scientific experiments to test the effectiveness of a drug. Researchers give one group of people a real drug and another group a placebo and then determine whether the people taking the drug get better results than the people taking the placebo.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | placebo - an innocuous or inert medication; given as a pacifier or to the control group in experiments on the efficacy of a drugactive placebo - a placebo used in experimental tests of a drug that has noticeable side effects; "an active placebo mimics the side effects of the experimental drug"medicament, medication, medicinal drug, medicine - (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease | | 2. | placebo - (Roman Catholic Church) vespers of the office for the deadvesper - a late afternoon or evening worship serviceChurch of Rome, Roman Catholic Church, Roman Church, Western Church, Roman Catholic - the Christian Church based in the Vatican and presided over by a pope and an episcopal hierarchy |
Translations
placebo
placebo (pləsē`bō), inert substance given instead of a potent drugdrugs,
substances used in medicine either externally or internally for curing, alleviating, or preventing a disease or deficiency. At the turn of the century only a few medically effective substances were widely used scientifically, among them ether, morphine, digitalis,
..... Click the link for more information. . Placebo medications are sometimes prescribed when a drug is not really needed or when one would not be appropriate because they make patients feel well taken care of. Placebos are also used as controls in scientific studies on the effectiveness of drugs. So-called double blind experiments, where neither the doctor nor the patient knows whether the given medication is the experimental drug or the placebo, are often done to assure unbiased, statistically reliable results. A traditional placebo's lack of side effects, however, often identifies it, so an older drug is sometimes used in drug tests instead of or in addition to a placebo. The "placebo effect" is an apparent improvement in health due not to any treatment but only to the patient's belief that he or she will improve (as by taking a dummy pill that is thought to be a cure). A report released in 2001, however, reviewed 114 studies where use of a placebo was compared to both treatment and no treatment and found no placebo effect with respect to measurable medical conditions, such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels. Other reviews have found a placebo effect for pain treatments, and noted that how a placebo is administered can enhance the effect; a shot, for example, being more effective than an ointment and even more effective than a pill. An opposite, or "negative placebo effect," has been observed when patients believe their health will get worse. placebo[plä′chā·bō or plə′sē·bō] (medicine) A preparation, devoid of pharmacologic effect, given to patients for psychologic effect, or as a control in evaluating a medicinal believed to have a pharmacologic action. placebo1. Med an inactive substance or other sham form of therapy administered to a patient usually to compare its effects with those of a real drug or treatment, but sometimes for the psychological benefit to the patient through his believing he is receiving treatment 2. RC Church a traditional name for the vespers of the office for the dead placebo
placebo [plah-se´bo] (L.) 1. a supposedly inert substance such as a sugar pill or injection of sterile water, given under the guise of effective treatment. Paradoxically, it may exert either a positive or a negative effect on the recipient (see effect" >placebo effect). A positive placebo effect can occur when caregiver and patient believe and expect a medication or procedure will relieve symptoms. Placebos are sometimes used in controlled clinical trials of new drugs; while some patients selected at random are given the new drug, others are given a placebo. It may be an active placebo that mimics the new drug's side effects. The patients taking the new drug must have significantly more relief of symptoms than the control group taking the placebo for the new drug to be considered to be effective. See also single blind, double blind, and triple blind.2. the term has been extended to mean virtually any type of ineffective treatment, including surgery and psychotherapy. Use of placebos is ethically problematic because it deceives the patient. Ethical questions regarding the use of placebos include: (1) Is deception necessary to produce benefit? and (2) Do placebos have a nondeceptive use?pla·ce·bo (plă-sē'bō), 1. An inert substance given as a medicine for its suggestive effect. 2. An inert compound identical in appearance to material being tested in experimental research, which may or may not be known to the physician or patient, administered to distinguish between drug action and suggestive effect of the material under study. Synonym(s): active placebo [L. I will please, future of placeo] placebo (plə-sē′bō)n. pl. place·bos or place·boes a. A substance that has positive effects as a result of a patient's perception that it is beneficial rather than as a result of a causative ingredient.b. An inactive substance or preparation used as a control in an experiment or test to determine the effectiveness of a medicinal drug.placebo An inactive material, often in the form of a capsule, pill or tablet, that is visually identical in appearance to a drug being tested in a clinical trial. The use of placebo control is a required component of the FDA’s drug approval process, as the agent must be proven more effective than the placebo.
Ethical questions are sometimes raised about certain uses of placebo controls, as when a negative or placebo control is required to evaluate the efficacy of a therapeutic manoeuvre (thereby denying the placebo group of the therapy’s potential benefit).placebo Medtalk An inactive material, in the form of a capsule, pill, or tablet, which is visually identical, and administered by the same route as a drug being tested; a chemically inert substance given in the guise of medicine for its psychologically suggestive effect; used in controlled clinical trials to determine whether improvement and side effects may reflect imagination or anticipation rather than the drug's power. See Dose control trial, Equivalence trial, Putative placebo trial. Cf Nocebo. pla·ce·bo (plă-sē'bō) 1. A medicinally inactive substance given as a medicine for its suggestive effect. 2. An inert compound identical in appearance to material being tested in experimental research, which may or may not be known to the physician or patient, administered to distinguish between drug action and suggestive effect of the material under study. 3. Any treatment or intervention with no intrinsic therapeutic value performed to achieve a "placebo effect." [L. I will please, future of placeo]placebo 1. A pharmacologically inactive substance made up in a form apparently identical to an active drug that is under trial. Both the placebo and the active drug are given, but the subjects are unaware which is which. This is done for the purpose of eliminating effects due to purely psychological causes. 2. A harmless preparation prescribed to satisfy a patient who does not require active medication. From the Latin placere, to please. See also PLACEBO EFFECT. placebo - any inactive substance given to satisfy a patient's psychological need for medication.
- a control in an experiment to test the effect of a drug.
PlaceboAn inactive substance with no pharmacological action that is administered to some patients in clinical trials to determine the relative effectiveness of another drug administered to a second group of patients.Mentioned in: Saw Palmetto, Sildenafil Citrateplacebo A substance or a prescription (e.g. plano lenses) devoid of any physiological effect that is given merely to satisfy a patient. It is also used in research as a control against which the real effect of another product (similar in appearance) can be established. See single-blind study; randomized controlled trial.pla·ce·bo (plă-sē'bō) Inert substance given as a medicine for its suggestive effect.
Synonym(s): active placebo. [L. I will please, future of placeo]AcronymsSeePbOplaceboenUS
Words related to placebonoun an innocuous or inert medicationRelated Words- active placebo
- medicament
- medication
- medicinal drug
- medicine
noun (Roman Catholic Church) vespers of the office for the deadRelated Words- vesper
- Church of Rome
- Roman Catholic Church
- Roman Church
- Western Church
- Roman Catholic
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