Uniform Distribution


uniform distribution

[′yü·nə‚fȯrm ‚di·strə′byü·shən] (statistics) The distribution of a random variable in which each value has the same probability of occurrence. Also known as rectangular distribution.

Uniform Distribution

 

a special type of probability distribution of a random variable X that takes on values in the interval (a - h, a + h). A uniform distribution is characterized by the probability density function

The mathematical expectation is EX = a, the variance is D X= h2/3, and the characteristic function is

By means of a linear transformation the interval (a - h, a + h) can be made to correspond to any given interval. Thus, the variable Y = (X - a + h)/2h is uniformly distributed over the interval (0, 1). Suppose the variables Y1, Y2,.…, Yn are uniformly distributed over the interval (0, 1). When their sum is normalized by the mathematical expectation n/2 and the variance n/12, the distribution law of the normalized sum rapidly approaches a normal distribution as n increases. In fact, the approximation is often sufficient for practical applications even when n = 3.