| 释义 |
punctuation
punctuationPunctuation refers to the specific markings, signs and symbols that are used in and around sentences to give them structure and to allow for correct understanding and comprehension.Continue reading...punc·tu·a·tion P0660800 (pŭngk′cho͞o-ā′shən)n.1. a. The use of standard marks and signs in writing and printing to separate words into sentences, clauses, and phrases in order to clarify meaning.b. The marks so used.2. The act or an instance of punctuating.punctuation (ˌpʌŋktjʊˈeɪʃən) n1. (Linguistics) the use of symbols not belonging to the alphabet of a writing system to indicate aspects of the intonation and meaning not otherwise conveyed in the written language2. (Linguistics) the symbols used for this purpose3. (Linguistics) the act or an instance of punctuatingpunc•tu•a•tion (ˌpʌŋk tʃuˈeɪ ʃən)
n. 1. the practice or system of using certain conventional marks or characters in writing or printing in order to separate elements and make the meaning clear, as in ending a sentence or separating clauses. 2. punctuation marks. 3. the act of punctuating. [1530–40; < Medieval Latin pūnctuātiō marking, pointing] punctuation- em dash, en dash - The em dash is the long dash used in punctuation whose length is based on the width of the letter M; the en dash is shorter (the width of an N) and the hyphen is even shorter.
- punctual - From Latin punctum, "point," it can mean "pertaining to punctuation," or "of or relating to a point in space."
- square brackets, parentheses, braces - Square brackets were formerly called crotchets, round brackets are commonly called parentheses, and curly brackets are called braces; the punctuation called brackets derives from the bookshelf type, implying that, in writing, these marks "lift up" a section of a sentence.
- stigmeology - The art of punctuation.
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  punctuation - something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisionsbreak, interruption - some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity; "the telephone is an annoying interruption"; "there was a break in the action when a player was hurt" | | 2. |  punctuation - the marks used to clarify meaning by indicating separation of words into sentences and clauses and phrasespunctuation markorthography, writing system - a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbolsmark - a written or printed symbol (as for punctuation); "his answer was just a punctuation mark"ampersand - a punctuation mark (&) used to represent conjunction (and)apostrophe - the mark (') used to indicate the omission of one or more letters from a printed wordbrace - either of two punctuation marks ({ or }) used to enclose textual materialsquare bracket, bracket - either of two punctuation marks ([ or ]) used to enclose textual materialangle bracket, bracket - either of two punctuation marks (`') used in computer programming and sometimes used to enclose textual material'>colon - a punctuation mark (:) used after a word introducing a series or an example or an explanation (or after the salutation of a business letter)comma - a punctuation mark (,) used to indicate the separation of elements within the grammatical structure of a sentenceexclamation mark, exclamation point - a punctuation mark (!) used after an exclamationhyphen, dash - a punctuation mark (-) used between parts of a compound word or between the syllables of a word when the word is divided at the end of a line of textparenthesis - either of two punctuation marks (or) used to enclose textual materialfull point, full stop, period, stop, point - a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations; "in England they call a period a stop"interrogation point, question mark - a punctuation mark (?) placed at the end of a sentence to indicate a questioninverted comma, quotation mark, quote - a punctuation mark used to attribute the enclosed text to someone elsesemicolon - a punctuation mark (`;') used to connect independent clauses; indicates a closer relation than does a periodseparatrix, virgule, solidus, slash, diagonal, stroke - a punctuation mark (/) used to separate related items of informationswung dash - a punctuation mark used in text to indicate the omission of a word | | 3. | punctuation - the use of certain marks to clarify meaning of written material by grouping words grammatically into sentences and clauses and phraseshyphenation - connecting syllables and words by hyphensgrouping - the activity of putting things together in groupsorthography, writing system - a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols |
Translationspunctuate (ˈpaŋktʃueit) verb to divide up sentences etc by commas, full stops, colons etc. 以標點分開，加標點於 以标点分开，加标点于 punctuation noun1. the act of punctuating. 標點 标点2. the use of punctuation marks. 標點法 标点法punctuation mark any of the symbols used for punctuating, eg comma, full stop, question mark etc. 標點符號 标点符号
punctuation
punctuationPunctuation refers to the specific markings, signs and symbols that are used in and around sentences to give them structure and to allow for correct understanding and comprehension.Continue reading...punctuation [Lat.,=point], the use of special signs in writing to clarify how words are used; the term also refers to the signs themselves. In every language, besides the sounds of the words that are strung together there are other features, such as tone, accent, and pauses, that are equally significant (see grammargrammar,
description of the structure of a language, consisting of the sounds (see phonology); the meaningful combinations of these sounds into words or parts of words, called morphemes; and the arrangement of the morphemes into phrases and sentences, called syntax.
..... Click the link for more information. and phoneticsphonetics
, study of the sounds of languages from three basic points of view. Phonetics studies speech sounds according to their production in the vocal organs (articulatory phonetics), their physical properties (acoustic phonetics), or their effect on the ear (auditory
..... Click the link for more information. ). In English, stress, pausing, and tonal changes interlock in a set of patterns often called intonations. Such features are represented by punctuation, indicated by signs inserted usually between words, and often following the feature they mark. The intonations of declaration are classified in three types, symbolized by the comma (,), used to separate words or phrases for clarity; the semicolon (;), used to mark separation between elements in a series of related phrases, generally in a long sentence; and the full stop, or period (.), used to mark the end of a sentence. Other intonations are shown by the exclamation point (!); the interrogation point, or question mark (?); the parenthesis [( )], used to set off a word or phrase from a sentence that is complete without it; and the colon (:), typically used to introduce material that elaborates on what has already been said. Quotation marks (" ") indicate direct quotation or some borrowing, and usually demand special intonation. The ellipsis (…) is used to indicate the place in a passage where material has been omitted or a thought has trailed off. The long dash (—) is especially used in handwriting for incomplete intonation patterns. Punctuation of material intended to be read silently rather than aloud—the far more usual case today—has introduced refinements designed to help the reader: brackets ([ ]), a secondary parenthesis; capital letters; paragraphing; and indentation. Two other frequent signs are the apostrophe ('), marking an omission of one or two letters, or a possessive case, and the hyphen (-), marking a line division or an intimate joining, as in compound words. These last two are practically extra letters, and their use, belonging with spelling rather than with punctuation, is highly arbitrary. Each written language has its tradition of punctuation, often very different from that used in English; thus, in German nouns are capitalized, and in Spanish the beginnings of exclamations and of questions are marked with inverted signs. See also accentaccent,
in speech, emphasis given a particular sound, called prosodic systems in linguistics. There are three basic accentual methods: stress, tone, and length. In English each word has at least one primary stressed syllable, as in weath`er;
..... Click the link for more information. . Bibliography See W. D. Drake, The Way to Punctuate (1971); Words into Type (3d ed. 1974); D. Hacker, A Writer's Reference (4th ed. 1999); Univ. of Chicago Press, The Chicago Manual of Style (15th ed. 2003). Punctuation a system of punctuation marks in any written language and the rules for their use; the placement of these marks in a text; a basic element of written language, along with graphics and orthography. The punctuation systems of modern languages written in the Latin, Cyrillic, Armenian, Georgian, Greek, Hebrew, Arabic, Indian, and many other alphabets are based on uniform principles and use approximately the same set of punctuation marks. The theoretical bases of Russian punctuation were developed by V. K. Trediakovskii, M. V. Lomonosov, and grammarians of the 19th and 20th centuries. Several different trends developed in the interpretation on the bases of Russian punctuation: the logical (F. I. Buslaev, S. I. Abakumov, A. B. Shapiro), the syntactic (la. K. Grot), and the intonational (L. V. Shcherba, L. A. Bulakhovskii, A. M. Peshkovskii). The logical school believed that punctuation aids in setting forth thoughts clearly and expresses the speaker’s feelings and his attitude toward the listener. According to the syntactic school, punctuation indicates a greater or lesser degree of linkage between sentences and sentence parts and aids in the comprehension of written language. The intonational school held that punctuation served to designate the rhythm and melody of a phrase; it regarded punctuation as primarily reflecting not a grammatical but a declamational and psychological segmentation of speech, including pauses, melody, and tempo. REFERENCESGrot, la. K. Russkoepravopisanie,22nd ed. Moscow, 1916.
Peshkovskii, A. M. Shkol’naia i nauchnaia grammalika,5th ed. Moscow, 1925.
Shapiro, A. B. Osnovy russkoipunktuatsii. Moscow, 1955.
Abakumov, S. I. Metodikapunktuatsii, 4th ed. Moscow, 1954.D. E. ROZENTAL’ MedicalSeeDASHPunctuation
Related to Punctuation: Punctuation marksPUNCTUATION, construction. The act or method of placing points (q.v.) in a written or printed instrument.
2. By the word point is here understood all the points in grammar, as the comma, the semicolon, the colon, and the like.
3. All such instruments are to be construed without any regard to the punctuation; and in a case of doubt, they ought to be construed in such a manner that they may have some effect, rather than in one in which they would be nugatory. Vide Toull. liv. 3, t. 2, c. 5, n. 430; 4 T. R. 65; Barringt. on the Stat. 394, n. Vide article Points. FinancialSeeStopSee PUNC
See PUNCpunctuation
Related to punctuation: Punctuation marksSynonyms for punctuationnoun something that makes repeated and regular interruptions or divisionsRelated Wordsnoun the marks used to clarify meaning by indicating separation of words into sentences and clauses and phrasesSynonymsRelated Words- orthography
- writing system
- mark
- ampersand
- apostrophe
- brace
- square bracket
- bracket
- angle bracket
- colon
- comma
- exclamation mark
- exclamation point
- hyphen
- dash
- parenthesis
- full point
- full stop
- period
- stop
- point
- interrogation point
- question mark
- inverted comma
- quotation mark
- quote
- semicolon
- separatrix
- virgule
- solidus
- slash
- diagonal
- stroke
- swung dash
noun the use of certain marks to clarify meaning of written material by grouping words grammatically into sentences and clauses and phrasesRelated Words- hyphenation
- grouping
- orthography
- writing system
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