Shosse
Shosse
a road with a hard surface. The term shosse was used extensively from the early 19th century to the mid-20th century in place of the term guzhevaia doroga (cart road). In the 1950’s, the word shosse came to be applied to highways with a multilayered surface consisting of granular materials that are compacted and then treated either with organic binders (used in building a blacktop road) or with water (used in building a macadam road). The term shosse is preserved in the names of such roads as the Gorky Shosse and the Leningrad Shosse as well as in everyday speech. The more precise term avtomobil’naia doroga (highway) is used instead of shosse in scientific and industrial literature.