phosphorylase

phos·pho·ryl·ase

P0259500 (fŏs′fər-ə-lās′, -lāz′)n. Any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the attachment of a phosphate group to another molecule.

phosphorylase

(fɒsˈfɒrɪˌleɪs; -ˌleɪz) n (Biochemistry) any of a group of enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate[C20: from phosphorus + -yl + -ase]

phos•pho•ryl•ase

(ˈfɒs fər əˌleɪs, -ˌleɪz, fɒsˈfɔr ə-, -ˈfɒr-)

n. any enzyme, occurring widely in animal and plant tissue, that in the presence of an inorganic phosphate catalyzes the conversion of glycogen into sugar phosphate. [1935–40]

Phosphorylase

phosphorylase

[fäs′fȯr·ə‚lās] (biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glucose-1-phosphate (Cori ester) from glycogen and inorganic phosphate; it is widely distributed in animals, plants, and microorganisms.

Phosphorylase

any of a group of transferase enzymes that catalyze the reversible reactions for the transfer of glycosyl groups (monosaccharide residues) to orthophosphate (phosphorolysis). The phosphorylase-catalyzed reaction may be expressed as follows:

where G is a glycosyl group, A is a glycosyl group acceptor, and O is orthophosphate. Seven enzymes are known that transfer hexose groups (from polysaccharides and disaccharides), and eight are known that transfer pentosyl groups (from nucleosides). These enzymes have a high degree of specificity relative to the glycosyl group; such specificity is not always observed, however, in the case of the acceptor.

Phosphorylases are widespread in nature, occurring in protozoans and in the tissues of animals and plants. They play an important role in organisms, catalyzing key reactions of metabolism related to the use of stored carbohydrates and, thus, to the supply of energy to cells. The study of phosphorylases has contributed to advances in enzymology. Phosphorylase-catalyzed reactions provided the model for research on macromolecular synthesis, the binding of an enzyme with a substrate, the allosteric regulation of enzyme activity, the dissociation of enzymes into subunits, and the catalytic conversion of an enzyme from an inactive form into an active form. The most thoroughly studied phosphorylases are those that catalyze the breakdown of gylcogen and starch, which are storage forms of carbohydrates.

V. V. ZUEVSKII

phosphorylase

[fos-for´ĭ-lās] an enzyme that, in the presence of inorganic phosphate, catalyzes the conversion of glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate.

phos·phor·y·lase

(fos-fōr'i-lās), An enzyme cleaving poly(1,4-α-d-glucosyl)_n with orthophosphate to form poly(1,4-α-d-glucosyl)_n-1 and α-d-glucose 1-phosphate. The active form of the enzyme is a phosphorylated protein. Synonym(s): α-glucan phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase, P enzyme, phosphorylase a, polyphosphorylase

phosphorylase

(fŏs′fər-ə-lās′, -lāz′)n. Any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the attachment of a phosphate group to another molecule.

phos·phor·y·lase

(fos-fōr'i-lās) A phosphorylated enzyme cleaving poly(1,4-α-d-glucosyl)_n with inorganic phosphate to form poly(1,4-α- d-glucosyl)_n-1 and α-d-glucose 1-phosphate.

单词	phosphorylase
释义	phosphorylase phos·pho·ryl·ase P0259500 (fŏs′fər-ə-lās′, -lāz′)n. Any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the attachment of a phosphate group to another molecule. phosphorylase (fɒsˈfɒrɪˌleɪs; -ˌleɪz) n (Biochemistry) any of a group of enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate[C20: from phosphorus + -yl + -ase] phos•pho•ryl•ase (ˈfɒs fər əˌleɪs, -ˌleɪz, fɒsˈfɔr ə-, -ˈfɒr-) n. any enzyme, occurring widely in animal and plant tissue, that in the presence of an inorganic phosphate catalyzes the conversion of glycogen into sugar phosphate. [1935–40] Phosphorylase phosphorylase [fäs′fȯr·ə‚lās] (biochemistry) An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glucose-1-phosphate (Cori ester) from glycogen and inorganic phosphate; it is widely distributed in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Phosphorylase any of a group of transferase enzymes that catalyze the reversible reactions for the transfer of glycosyl groups (monosaccharide residues) to orthophosphate (phosphorolysis). The phosphorylase-catalyzed reaction may be expressed as follows: where G is a glycosyl group, A is a glycosyl group acceptor, and O is orthophosphate. Seven enzymes are known that transfer hexose groups (from polysaccharides and disaccharides), and eight are known that transfer pentosyl groups (from nucleosides). These enzymes have a high degree of specificity relative to the glycosyl group; such specificity is not always observed, however, in the case of the acceptor. Phosphorylases are widespread in nature, occurring in protozoans and in the tissues of animals and plants. They play an important role in organisms, catalyzing key reactions of metabolism related to the use of stored carbohydrates and, thus, to the supply of energy to cells. The study of phosphorylases has contributed to advances in enzymology. Phosphorylase-catalyzed reactions provided the model for research on macromolecular synthesis, the binding of an enzyme with a substrate, the allosteric regulation of enzyme activity, the dissociation of enzymes into subunits, and the catalytic conversion of an enzyme from an inactive form into an active form. The most thoroughly studied phosphorylases are those that catalyze the breakdown of gylcogen and starch, which are storage forms of carbohydrates. V. V. ZUEVSKII phosphorylase phosphorylase [fos-for´ĭ-lās] an enzyme that, in the presence of inorganic phosphate, catalyzes the conversion of glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate. phos·phor·y·lase (fos-fōr'i-lās), An enzyme cleaving poly(1,4-α-d-glucosyl)_n with orthophosphate to form poly(1,4-α-d-glucosyl)_n-1 and α-d-glucose 1-phosphate. The active form of the enzyme is a phosphorylated protein. Synonym(s): α-glucan phosphorylase, glycogen phosphorylase, P enzyme, phosphorylase a, polyphosphorylase phosphorylase (fŏs′fər-ə-lās′, -lāz′)n. Any of a class of enzymes that catalyze the attachment of a phosphate group to another molecule. phos·phor·y·lase (fos-fōr'i-lās) A phosphorylated enzyme cleaving poly(1,4-α-d-glucosyl)_n with inorganic phosphate to form poly(1,4-α- d-glucosyl)_n-1 and α-d-glucose 1-phosphate.
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