bill

bill¹

B0248500 (bĭl)n.1. An itemized list or statement of fees or charges.2. A statement or list of particulars, such as a theater program or menu.3. The entertainment offered by a theater.4. A public notice, such as an advertising poster.5. a. A piece of legal paper money: a ten-dollar bill.b. Slang One hundred dollars.6. a. A bill of exchange.b. Obsolete A promissory note.7. a. A draft of a proposed law presented for approval to a legislative body.b. The law enacted from such a draft: a bottle bill in effect in three states; the GI Bill.8. Law a. A document containing the formal statement of a case in equity; a complaint seeking equitable relief.b. An indictment or charge in an indictment against an accused person.tr.v. billed, bill·ing, bills 1. To present a statement of costs or charges to.2. To enter on a statement of costs or on a particularized list.3. a. To advertise or schedule by public notice or as part of a program.b. To declare or describe officially; proclaim: a policy that was billed as an important departure for the administration.

[Middle English bille, from Norman French, from Medieval Latin billa, alteration of bulla, seal on a document, from Latin, bubble.]

bill′a·ble adj.

bill²

B0248500 (bĭl)n.1. A structure projecting from the head of a bird, consisting of the jaws and their horny covering and including the upper and lower mandibles; a beak.2. A similar horny mouth part, such as that of a turtle.3. The visor of a cap.4. Nautical The tip of the fluke of an anchor.intr.v. billed, bill·ing, bills To touch beaks together.Idiom: bill and coo To kiss or caress and murmur endearments.

[Middle English, from Old English bile.]

bill³

B0248500 (bĭl)n.1. A billhook.2. A halberd or similar weapon with a hooked blade and a long handle.

[Middle English bil, from Old English bill.]

bill

(bɪl) n1. money owed for goods or services supplied: an electricity bill. 2. a written or printed account or statement of money owed3. chiefly Brit such an account for food and drink in a restaurant, hotel, etc. Usual US and Canadian word: check 4. any printed or written list of items, events, etc, such as a theatre programme: who's on the bill tonight?. 5. fit the bill fill the bill informal to serve or perform adequately6. (Law) a statute in draft, before it becomes law7. a printed notice or advertisement; poster8. US and Canadian a piece of paper money; note9. (Banking & Finance) an obsolete name for promissory note10. (Law) law See bill of indictment11. (Commerce) See bill of exchange12. See bill of fare13. archaic any documentvb (tr) 14. to send or present an account for payment to (a person)15. to enter (items, goods, etc) on an account or statement16. to advertise by posters17. to schedule as a future programme: the play is billed for next week. [C14: from Anglo-Latin billa, alteration of Late Latin bulla document, bull³]

bill

(bɪl) n1. (Zoology) the mouthpart of a bird, consisting of projecting jaws covered with a horny sheath; beak. It varies in shape and size according to the type of food eaten and may also be used as a weapon2. (Zoology) any beaklike mouthpart in other animals3. (Physical Geography) a narrow promontory: Portland Bill. 4. (Nautical Terms) nautical the pointed tip of the fluke of an anchorvb (intr) 5. (Zoology) (of birds, esp doves) to touch bills together6. (of lovers) to kiss and whisper amorously[Old English bile; related to bill bill³]

bill

(bɪl) n1. (Arms & Armour (excluding Firearms)) a pike or halberd with a narrow hooked blade2. (Tools) short for billhook[Old English bill sword, related to Old Norse bīldr instrument used in blood-letting, Old High German bil pickaxe]

bill

(bɪl) n (Zoology) ornithol another word for boom¹⁴[C18: from dialect beel bell² (vb)]

bill¹

(bɪl)
n. 1. a statement of money owed for goods or services supplied. 2. a piece of paper money worth a specified amount: a ten-dollar bill. 3. a form or draft of a proposed statute presented to a legislature, but not yet enacted or passed and made law. 4. a written or printed public notice or advertisement. 5. any written statement of particulars. 6. a written statement, usu. of complaint, presented to a court. 7. Informal. a one-hundred-dollar bill or the sum of one hundred dollars. 8. playbill. 9. entertainment scheduled for presentation; program: a good bill at the movies. v.t. 10. to send a list of charges to. 11. to enter (charges) in a bill. 12. to advertise (something) by bill or public notice. 13. to schedule on a program: to bill the play for two weeks. Idioms: fill the bill, to fulfill a particular need. [1300–50; Middle English bille < Anglo-French < Anglo-Latin billa, for Late Latin bulla bull ²] bill′er, n.

bill²

(bɪl)
n. 1. the parts of a bird's jaws that are covered with a horny or leathery sheath; beak. 2. the visor of a cap. 3. a beaklike headland. v.i. 4. to join bills, as doves. Idioms: bill and coo, to kiss or fondle and whisper endearments. [before 1000; Middle English bile, bille, Old English bile beak, trunk; akin to bill ³]

bill³

(bɪl)

n. 1. a medieval shafted weapon having at its head a hooklike cutting blade with a beak at the back. 2. Also called billhook. a sharp, hooked instrument used for pruning, cutting, etc. 3. the extremity of a fluke of an anchor. [before 1000; Middle English bil, Old English bill sword, c. Old High German bill pickax]

bill

(bĭl) The horny, projecting mouthparts of a bird. Bills have different sizes and shapes depending on how birds feed and what they eat.

bill

A ship's publication listing operational or administrative procedures.

bill

check">check

In British English, a bill is a piece of paper showing how much money you must pay for a meal in a restaurant.

We paid our bill and left.

In American English, a piece of paper like this is called a check.

He waved to a waiter and asked for the check.See cheque - check (for another meaning of check)

In both British and American English, a bill is a piece of paper that shows how much money you must pay for services such as electricity or gas.

If you are finding it difficult to pay your gas bill, please let us know quickly.I ran up a huge phone bill.

In American English, a bill is also a piece of paper money.

note

bill1. 'note'

In British English, a note is a piece of paper money.

He handed me a ten pound note.2. 'bill'

A piece of American paper money is called a bill, not a 'note'.

He took out a five dollar bill.

bill

Past participle: billed
Gerund: billing

Imperative
bill
bill

Present
I bill
you bill
he/she/it bills
we bill
you bill
they bill

Preterite
I billed
you billed
he/she/it billed
we billed
you billed
they billed

Present Continuous
I am billing
you are billing
he/she/it is billing
we are billing
you are billing
they are billing

Present Perfect
I have billed
you have billed
he/she/it has billed
we have billed
you have billed
they have billed

Past Continuous
I was billing
you were billing
he/she/it was billing
we were billing
you were billing
they were billing

Past Perfect
I had billed
you had billed
he/she/it had billed
we had billed
you had billed
they had billed

Future
I will bill
you will bill
he/she/it will bill
we will bill
you will bill
they will bill

Future Perfect
I will have billed
you will have billed
he/she/it will have billed
we will have billed
you will have billed
they will have billed

Future Continuous
I will be billing
you will be billing
he/she/it will be billing
we will be billing
you will be billing
they will be billing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been billing
you have been billing
he/she/it has been billing
we have been billing
you have been billing
they have been billing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been billing
you will have been billing
he/she/it will have been billing
we will have been billing
you will have been billing
they will have been billing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been billing
you had been billing
he/she/it had been billing
we had been billing
you had been billing
they had been billing

Conditional
I would bill
you would bill
he/she/it would bill
we would bill
you would bill
they would bill

Past Conditional
I would have billed
you would have billed
he/she/it would have billed
we would have billed
you would have billed
they would have billed

bill

(restaurant) check

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	bill - a statute in draft before it becomes law; "they held a public hearing on the bill"measurerider - a clause that is appended to a legislative billlegal document, legal instrument, official document, instrument - (law) a document that states some contractual relationship or grants some rightappropriation bill - a legislative act proposing to authorize the expenditure of public funds for a specified purposebill of attainder - a legislative act finding a person guilty of treason or felony without a trial; "bills of attainder are prohibited by the Constitution of the United States"bottle bill - a statute that would require merchants to reclaim used bottlesfarm bill - a statute that would regulate farm production and pricestrade bill - a statute that would regulate foreign tradelaw, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"
	2.	bill - an itemized statement of money owed for goods shipped or services rendered; "he paid his bill and left"; "send me an account of what I owe"invoice, accountfinancial statement, statement - a document showing credits and debitselectric bill - a bill for money owed for electricity usedhotel bill - statement of charges for staying in a hoteldoctor's bill, medical bill - statement of charges for medical servicesphone bill, telephone bill - statement of charges for telephone servicereckoning, tally - a bill for an amount duetax bill - money owed for taxestab, chit, check - the bill in a restaurant; "he asked the waiter for the check"
	3.	bill - a piece of paper money (especially one issued by a central bank); "he peeled off five one-thousand-zloty notes"bank bill, bank note, banker's bill, banknote, Federal Reserve note, government note, greenback, notefolding money, paper currency, paper money - currency issued by a government or central bank and consisting of printed paper that can circulate as a substitute for speciesilver certificate - formerly a bank note issued by the United States Treasury and redeemable in silverc-note, hundred dollar bill - a United States bill worth 100 dollarsfifty dollar bill, fifty - a United States bill worth 50 dollarstwenty dollar bill, twenty - a United States bill worth 20 dollarsten dollar bill, tenner - a United States bill worth 10 dollarsfive dollar bill, fiver, five-spot - a United States bill worth 5 dollarstwo dollar bill - a United States bill worth 2 dollarsdollar bill, one dollar bill, buck, clam, dollar - a piece of paper money worth one dollar
	4.	bill - the entertainment offered at a public presentationprogramme, program - a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation; "the program lasted more than two hours"
	5.	bill - an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution; "he mailed the circular to all subscribers"broadsheet, broadside, circular, flyer, handbill, throwaway, flierad, advert, advertisement, advertising, advertizement, advertizing - a public promotion of some product or servicestuffer - an advertising circular that is enclosed with other material and (usually) sent by mail
	6.	bill - a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement; "a poster advertised the coming attractions"placard, poster, posting, notice, cardsign - a public display of a message; "he posted signs in all the shop windows"show bill, show card, theatrical poster - a poster advertising a show or playflash card, flashcard - a card with words or numbers or pictures that is flashed to a class by the teacher
	7.	bill - a list of particulars (as a playbill or bill of fare)list, listing - a database containing an ordered array of items (names or topics)bill of entry - a list of goods received at a customhouse for export or importbill of goods - a consignment of merchandisebill of fare, carte, carte du jour, menu, card - a list of dishes available at a restaurant; "the menu was in French"playbill - a theatrical program; "he couldn't find her name on the playbill"
	8.	bill - a long-handled saw with a curved blade; "he used a bill to prune branches off of the tree"billhooksaw - hand tool having a toothed blade for cutting
	9.	bill - a brim that projects to the front to shade the eyes; "he pulled down the bill of his cap and trudged ahead"eyeshade, visor, vizor, peakbaseball cap, golf cap, jockey cap - a cap with a billbrim - a circular projection that sticks outward from the crown of a hatkepi, peaked cap, service cap, yachting cap - a cap with a flat circular top and a visor
	10.	bill - horny projecting mouth of a bird beak, neb, nib, peckerbird - warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wingscere - the fleshy, waxy covering at the base of the upper beak of some birdsmouth - the externally visible part of the oral cavity on the face and the system of organs surrounding the opening; "she wiped lipstick from her mouth"
Verb	1.	bill - demand payment; "Will I get charged for this service?"; "We were billed for 4 nights in the hotel, although we stayed only 3 nights"chargeaccount, calculate - keep an account oflevy, impose - impose and collect; "levy a fine"tithe - exact a tithe from; "The church was tithed"assess - charge (a person or a property) with a payment, such as a tax or a fineundercharge - charge (someone) too little moneysurcharge - charge an extra fee, as for a special serviceinvoice - send an bill to; "She invoiced the company for her expenses"charge - enter a certain amount as a charge; "he charged me $15"
	2.	bill - advertise especially by posters or placards; "He was billed as the greatest tenor since Caruso"advertize, advertise, promote, push - make publicity for; try to sell (a product); "The salesman is aggressively pushing the new computer model"; "The company is heavily advertizing their new laptops"
	3.	bill - publicize or announce by placardsplacardpost - publicize with, or as if with, a poster; "I'll post the news on the bulletin board"

bill

¹noun1. charges, rate, costs, score, account, damage (informal), statement, reckoning, expense, tally, invoice, note of charge They couldn't afford to pay the bills.2. banknote, green-back (U.S.), note The case contained a large quantity of US dollar bills.3. act of parliament, measure, proposal, piece of legislation, draft law, projected law The bill was opposed by a large majority.4. list, listing, programme, card, schedule, agenda, catalogue, inventory, roster, syllabus He is topping the bill at a dusk-to-dawn party.5. advertisement, notice, poster, leaflet, bulletin, circular, handout, placard, handbill, playbill A sign forbids bill-posting.verb1. charge, debit, invoice, send a statement to, send an invoice to Are you going to bill me for this?2. advertise, post, announce, push (informal), declare, promote, plug (informal), proclaim, tout, flaunt, publicize, crack up (informal), give advance notice of They bill it as Britain's most exciting museum.fit the bill be suitable, fit, be right, be suited, be cut out for If you think you fit the bill, send a CV.foot the bill pay, cough up (informal), meet the cost Who is footing the bill for her extravagant holiday?

bill

noun beak, nib, neb (archaic or dialect), mandible Its legs and feet are grey, its bill brownish-yellow.

bill¹

noun1. A precise list of fees or charges:account, check, invoice, reckoning, statement.Informal: tab.2. A document, such as a list or an outline, that gives, for example, the order of events in a public performance or the chief features of a stock offering:program, prospectus, syllabus.3. A usually public posting that conveys a message:billboard, notice, placard, poster, sign.4. The formal product of a legislative or judicial body:act, assize, enactment, law, legislation, lex, measure, statute.verbTo present a statement of fees or charges to:invoice.

bill²

noun1. The horny projection forming a bird's jaws:beak.2. The projecting rim on the front of a cap:brim, peak, visor.

Translations

帐单钞票广告招贴给...开帐单

bill¹

(bil) noun a bird's beak. a bird with a yellow bill. （鸟类）喙

bill²

(bil) noun1. an account of money owed for goods etc. an electricity bill.帐单2. (American) a banknote. a five-dollar bill.钞票3. a poster used for advertising. 广告，招贴 verb to send an account (to someone). We'll bill you next month for your purchases.给...开帐单ˈbillboard noun a large board on which advertising posters are displayed. He stuck posters on the billboard.广告牌ˈbillfold noun (American) a wallet. a billfold full of dollars.皮夹子fill the bill to be suitable; to be exactly what is required. We are looking for a new car and this will fill the bill. 满足需要，符合要求

bill

→ 帐单zhCN, 议案zhCN, 钞票zhCN

Please prepare the bill → 请给我制作账单吧
Put it on my bill → 记在我的账单上
Do you have change for this bill? (US)
Do you have change for this note? (UK) → 您能帮我把这张纸币换成零钱吗？
May I have an itemized bill? (US)
Can I have an itemized bill? (UK) → 请给我一份明细账单
The bill is wrong → 账单不对头
Please bring the check (US)
Please bring the bill (UK) → 买单吧

bill

Related to bill: Bill Clinton, Bill of Rights, Billa

Bill

A declaration in writing. A document listing separate items. An itemized account of charges or costs. In Equity practice, the first Pleading in the action, the paper in which the plaintiff sets out his or her case and demands relief from the defendant.

Many states require that laws must be passed by their state legislatures in the form of a bill. For example, the Texas Constitution requires that "no law shall be passed, except by bill, and no bill shall be so amended in its passage through either House, as to violent change its original purpose." Tex. Const. art. III, § 30. Likewise, the California Constitution may not make any law except by statute and may not make any statute except by bill. Cal. Const. art. IV, § 8(b). In some instances, however, a joint resolution that is enacted in the same manner as a bill may have the same force of law as a statute enacted through the passage of a bill.

A bill of indictment is a formal written document accusing someone of having committed a crime. It is presented to a Grand Jury for its consideration and decision whether to act on it. A Bill of Rights is a formal declaration that the people have certain rights and liberties. Rights are often asserted when there is a change in government, and a bill of rights has been included in the federal and many state constitutions in the United States.

A bill of particulars itemizes all the facts making up a claim asserted in a lawsuit. It is delivered to the opposing party in order to sharpen the issues in dispute. A bill of review lists errors alleged to have been made by a trial court. It is presented to a court that has jurisdiction to correct those errors or reverse the decision.

A bill of costs is a certified, itemized statement of expenses incurred by the successful party in a lawsuit. Courts are generally empowered to order the losing party to reimburse the winning party for some or all of these expenses. A bill of sale is a writing that lists property exchanged in a bargain for money or something else of value.

A bill corresponds to the declaration made by the plaintiff when beginning a common-law action. Modern rules of pleading have merged the procedures for handling cases at law and in equity, and the modern equivalent of both the bill in equity and the declaration at law is the complaint.

bill

n. 1) what is commonly called a "check" which the signer requires the bank to pay a third party a sum of money. This is a holdover from the days when a person would draw up a "bill of exchange." 2) a statement of what is owed. 3) any paper money. 4) a legislative proposal for enactment of a law. It is called a bill until it is passed and signed at which time it is a law (statute) and is no longer referred to as a bill. 5) an old-fashioned term for various filed documents in lawsuits or criminal prosecutions, which is falling into disuse.

bill

a document; a statute in draft, before it becomes law; see ACT OF PARLIAMENT. See also BILL OF LADING, BILL OF EXCHANGE, BILL OF SALE.

BILL, legislation. An instrument drawn or presented by a member or committee to a legislative body for its approbation and enactment. After it has gone through both houses and received the constitutional sanction of the chief magistrate, where such approbation is requisite, it becomes a law. See Meigs, R. 237.

BILL, chancery practice. A complaint in writing addressed to the chancellor, containing the names of the parties to the suit, both complainant and defendant, a statement of the facts on which the complainant relies, and the allegations which he makes, with an averment that the acts complained of are contrary to equity , and a prayer for relief and proper process. Its office in a chancery suit, is the same as a declaration in an action at law, a libel in a court of admiralty or an allegation in, the spiritual courts.
2. A bill usually consists of nine parts. 1. The address, which must be to the chancellor, court or judge acting as such. 2. The second part consists of the names of the plaintiffs and their descriptions; but the description of the parties in this part of the bill does not, it seems, constitute a sufficient averment, so as to put that fact in issue. 2. Ves. & Bea. 327. 3. The third part is called the premises or stating part of the bill, and contains the plaintiff's case. 4. In the fourth place is a general charge of confederacy. 5. The fifth part consists of allegations of the defendant's pretences, and charges in evidence of them. 6. The sixth part contains the clause of jurisdiction and in averment that the acts complained of are contrary to equity. 7. The seventh part consists of a prayer that the parties answer the premises, which is usually termed the interrogatory part. 8. The prayer for relief sought forms the eighth part. And, 9. The ninth part is a prayer for process. 2 Mad. Ch. 166; Blake's Ch. P. 35; 1 Mitf. Pl. 41. The facts contained in the bill, as far as known to the complainant, must, in some cases, be sworn to be true; and such as are not known to him, he must swear he believes to be true; and it must be signed by counsel; 2 Madd. Ch. Pr. 167; Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 26 to 47; and for cases requiring an affidavit, see, 3 Brow. Chan. Cas. 12, 24, 463; Bunb. 35; 2 Brow. 11 1 Fow. Proc. 256 Mitf. Pl. 51; 2 P. Wms. 451; 3 Id. 77; 1 Atk. 450; 3 Id. 17, 132; 3 Atk. 132 Preced. in Ch. 332 Barton's Equity, 48 n. 1, 53 n. 1, 56 n. 1 2 Brow. Ch. Cas. 281, 319; 4 Id. 480
3. Bills may be divided into three classes, namely: 1. Original bills. 2. Bills not original. 3. Bills in the nature of original bills.
4. - 1. An original bill is one which prays the decree of the court, touching some right claimed by the person exhibiting the bill, in opposition to some right claimed by the person against whom the bill is exhibited. Hinde, 19; Coop. Eq. Pl. 43. Original bills always relate to some matter not before litigated in the court by the same persons, and standing in the same interests. Mitf. Eq. Pl. by Jeremy, 34; Story, Eq. Pl., Sec. 16. They may be divided into those which pray relief, and those which do not pray relief.
5. - 1st. Original bills praying relief are of three kinds. First. Bills Praying the decree or order of the court, touching some right claimed by the party exhibiting the bill, in opposition to some right, real or supposed, claimed by the party against whom the bill is exhibited, or touching some wrong done in violation of the plaintiff's right. Mitf. Eq. Pl. 32.
6. - Secondly. A bill of interpleader, is one in which the person exhibiting it claims no right in opposition to the rights claimed by the person against whom the bill is exhibited, but prays the decree of the court touching the rights of those persons, for the safety of the person exhibiting the bill. Hinde, 20; Coop. Eq. Pl. 43; Mitf. Pl. 32. The Practical Register defines it to be a bill exhibited by a third person, who, not knowing to whom he ought of right to render a debt or duty, or pay his rent, fears he may be hurt by some of the claimants, and therefore prays be may interplead, so that the court may judge to whom the thing belongs, and he be thereby safe on the payment. Pr. Reg. 78; Harr. Ch. Pr. 45; Edw. Inj. 393; 2 Paige, 199 Id. 570; 6 John. Ch. R. 445.
7. The interpleader has been compared to the intervention (q. v.) of the civil law. Gilb. For. Rom. 47. But there is a striking difference between them. The tertius in our interpleader in equity, professes to have no interest in the subject, and calls upon the parties who allege they have, to come forward and discuss their claims: the tertius of the civil law, on the other hand, asserts a right himself in the 'Subject, which two persons are at the time actually contesting, and insists upon his right to join in the discussion. A bill of interpleader may be filed, though the party has not been sued at law, or has been sued by one only of the conflicting claimants, or though the claim of one of the defendants is actionable at law, and the other in equity. 6 Johns. Chan. R. 445. The requisites of a bill of this kind are, 1. It must admit the want of interest in the plaintiff in the subject matter of dispute. 2. The plaintiff must annex an affidavit that there is no collusion between him and either of the parties. 3. The bill must contain an offer to bring the money into court, when there is any due; the want of which is a ground of demurrer, unless the money has actually been paid into court. Mitf. Eq. Pl. 49; Coop. Eq. Pl. 49; Barton, Suit in Eq. 47, note 1. 4. The plaintiff should state his own rights, and thereby negative any interest in the thing in controversy; and also should state the several claims of the opposite parties; a neglect on this subject is good cause of demurrer. Mitf. Eq. Pl. by Jeremy, 142; 2 Story on Eq. Sec. 821; Story, Eq. Pl. 292. 5. The bill should also show that there are persons in esse capable of interpleading, and setting up opposite claims. Coop. Eq. Pl. 46; 1 Mont. Eq. Pl. 234; Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 295; Story on Eq. Sec. 821; 1 Ves. 248. 6. The bill should pray that the defendants set forth their several titles, and interplead, settle, and adjust their demands between themselves. The bill also generally prays an injunction to restrain the proceedings of the claimants, or either of them, at law; and, in this case, the bill should offer to bring the money into court and the court will not in general act upon this part of the prayer, unless the money be actually brought into court. 4 Paige's R. 384 6 John. Ch. R. 445.
8. Thirdly. A bill of certiorari, is one praying the writ of certiorari to remove a cause from an inferior court of equity. Coop. El q. 44. The requisites of this bill are that it state, 1st. the proceedings in the inferior court; 2d. the incompetency of such court, by suggesting that the cause is out of its jurisdiction; or that the witnesses live out of its jurisdiction; or are not able, by age or infirmity, or the distance of the place, to follow the suit there or that, for some other cause, justice is not likely to be done-, 3d. the bill must pray a writ of certiorari, to certify and remove the record and the cause to the superior court. Wyatt, Pr. Reg. 82; Harr. Ch. Pr. 49; Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 298. This bill is seldom used in the United States.
9. - 2d. Original bills not praying relief are of two kinds. First,. Bills to secure evidence, which are bills to perpetuate the testimony of witnesses or bills to examine witnesses de bene esse. These will be separately considered.
10. - 1. A bill to perpetuate the testimony of witnesses, is one which prays leave to examine them, and states that the witnesses are old, infirm, or sick, or going beyond the jurisdiction of the court, whereby the party is in danger of losing the benefit of their testimony. Hinde, 20. It does not pray for relief. Coop. Eq. Pl. 44.
11. In order to maintain such a bill, it is requisite to state on its face all the material facts to support the jurisdiction. It must state, 1. the subject-matter touching which the plaintiff is desirous of giving evidence. Rep. Temp. Finch, 391; 4 Madd. R. 8, 10. 2. It must show that the plaintiff has some interest in the subject-matter, which may be endangered if the testimony in support of it be lost; and a mere expectancy, however strong, is not sufficient. 6 Ves. 260 1 Vern. 105; 15 Ves. 136; Mitf. Eq. Pl. by Jeremy, 51 Coop. Eq. Pl., 52. 3. It must state that the defendant has, or pretends to have, or that he claims an interest to contest the title of the plaintiff in the subject-matter of the proposed testimony. Coop. Pl. 56; Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 302. 4. It must exhibit some ground of necessity for perpetuating the evidence. Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 303 Mitf. Eq. Pl. by Jeremy, 52, 148 and note y; Coop. Eq. Pl. 53. 5. The right of which the bill is brought to perpetuate the evidence or testimony, should be described with reasonable certainty in the bill, so as to point the proper interrogations on both sides to the true merits of the controversy. 1 Vern. 312; Coop. Eq. Pl. 56. 6. It should pray leave to examine the witnesses touching the matter stated, to the end that their testimony maybe preserved and perpetuated. Mitf. Pl
52. A bill to perpetuate testimony differs from a bill to take testimony de bene esse, in this, that the latter is sustainable only when there is a suit already depending, while the former can be maintained only when no present suit can be brought at law by the party seeking the aid of a court to try his right. Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 307. The canonists had a similar rule. According to the canon law, witnesses could be examined before any action was commenced, for fear that their evidence might be lost. x, cap. 5 Boehmer, n. 5 8 Toull. n. 23.
12. - 2. Bill to take testimony de bene esse. This bill, the name of which is sufficiently descriptive of its object, is frequently confounded with a bill to perpetuate testimony; but although it bears a close analogy to it, ,it is very different. Bills to perpetuate testimony can be maintained only, when no present suit can be maintained at law by the party seeking the aid of the court to try his right; whereas bills to take testimony de bene esse, are sustainable only in aid of a suit already depending. 1 Sim. & Stu. 83. The latter may be brought by a person who is in possession, or out of possession; and whether he be plaintiff or defendant in the action at law. Story, Eq Pl. Sec. 307 and 303, note; Story on Eq. 1813, note 3. In many respects the rules which regulate the framing of bills to perpetuate testimony, are applicable to bills to take testimony ae bene esse.
13. - Secondly. A bill of discovery, emphatically so called, is one which prays for the discovery of facts resting within the knowledge of the person against whom the bill is exhibited, or of deeds, writings, or other things in his custody or power. Hinde, 20; Blake's Ch. Pr. 37. Every bill, except the bill of certiorari, may in truth, be considered a bill of discovery, for every bill seeks a disclosure of circumstances relative to the plaintiff's case; but that usually and emphatically distinguished by this appellation is a bill for the discovery of facts, resting in the knowledge of the defendant, or of deeds or writings, or other things in his custody or power, and seeking no relief in consequence of the discovery.
14. This bill is commonly used in aid of the jurisdiction of some other court as to enable the plaintiff to prosecute or defend an action at law. Mitf. Pl. 52. "The plaintiff, in this species of bill, must be entitled to the discovery he seeks, and shall only have a discovery of what is necessary for his own title, as of deeds he claims under, and not to pry into that of the defendant. 2 Ves. 445. See Blake's Ch. Pr. 45 Mitf. Pl. 52 Coop. Eq. Pl. 58 1 Madd. Ch. Pr. 196 Hare on Disc. passim Wagr. on Disc. passim.
15. The action ad exhibendum, in the Roman law, was not unlike a bill of discovery. Its object was to force the party against whom it was instituted, to exhibit a thing or a title in his power. It was always preparatory to another, which was always a real action in the sense of the word in the Roman law. See Action ad exhibendum; Merlin, Questions de Droit, tome i. 84.
16. - II . Bills not original. These are either in addition to, or a continuance of an original bill, or both. Mitf. c. 1, s . 2; Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 388; .4 Bouv. Inst. n. 4100.
17. - 1st. Of the first class are, 1. A supplemental bill. This bill is occasioned by some defect in a suit already instituted, whereby the parties cannot obtain complete justice, to which otherwise the case by their bill would have entitled them. It is used for the purpose of supplying some irregularity discovered in the formation of the original bill, or some of the proceedings there upon; or some defect in a suit, arising from events happening since the points in the original were at issue, which give an interest to20persons not parties to the suit. Blake's Ch. Pr. 50. See 3 Johns. Ch. R. 423.
18. It is proper to consider more minutely 1. in what cases such a bill may be filed; 2. its particular requisites.
19.- 1. A supplemental bill may be filed, 1st. whenever the imperfection in the original bill arises from the omission of some material fact, which existed before the filing of the bill, but the time has passed in which it can be introduced into the bill by amendment,, Mitf. Eq. Pl. 55, 61, 325 but leave of court must be obtained, before a bill which seeks to change the original structure of the bill, and to introduce a new and different case, can be filed. 2d. When a party necessary to the proceedings has been omitted, and cannot be admitted by an amendment. Mitf. Eq. Pl. 61 6 Madd. R. 369; 4 John. Ch. R. 605. 3d. When, after the court has decided upon the suit as framed, it appears necessary to bring some other matter before the court to obtain the full effect of the decision; or before a decision has been obtained, but after the parties are at issue upon the points in the original bill, and witnesses have been examined, (in which case, an amendment is not in general permitted,) some other point appears necessary to be made, or some additional discovery is found requisite. Mitf. Eq. Pl. by Jeremy, 55; Coop Eq. Pl. 73; 3 Atk. R. 110; 12 Paige, R. 200. 4th. When new events or new matters have occurred since the filing of the bill; Coop. Eq. Pl. 74; these events or matters, however, are confined to such as refer to and support the rights and interests already mentioned in the bill. Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 336.
20. - 2. The supplemental bill must state the original bill, and the proceedings thereon and when it is occasioned by an event which has occurred subsequently to the original bill, it must state that event, and the consequent alteration with regard to the parties. In general, the supplemental bill must pray that all defendants appear and answer the charges it contains. Mitf. Eq. Pl. by Jeremy, 75 Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 343.
21. - 2. A bill of revivor, which is a continuance of the original bill, when by death some party to it has become incapable of prosecuting or defending a suit, or a female plaintiff has by marriage incapacitated herself from suing alone. Mitf. Pl. 33, 70; 2 Madd. Ch. Pr. 526. See 3 Johns. Ch. R. 60: Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 354, et. seq.
22. - 3. A bill of revivor and supplement. This is a compound of a supple-mental bill and bill of revivor, and not only continues the suit, which has abated by the death of the plaintiff, or the like, but supplies any defects in the original bill, arising from subsequent events, so as to entitle the party to relief on the whole merits of his case. 5 Johns. Ch R. 334; Mitf. Pl. 32, 74.
23. - 2d. Among the second class may be placed, 1. A cross bill. This is one which is brought by a defendant in a suit against the plaintiff, respecting the matter in question in that bill. Coop. Eq. Pl. 85 Mitf. Pl. 75.
24. A bill of this kind is usually brought to obtain, either a necessary discovery, or full relief to all the parties. It frequently happens, and particularly if any questions arises between two defendants to a bill, that the court cannot make a complete decree without a cross bill, or cross bills to bring every matter in dispute completely before the court, litigated by the proper parties, and upon proper proofs. In this case it becomes necessary for some one of the defendants to the original bill to file a bill against the plaintiff and other defendants in that bill, or some of them, and bring the litigated point properly before the court.
25. A cross bill should state the original bill, and the proceedings thereon, and the rights of the party exhibiting the bill which are necessary to be made the subject of a cross litigation, or the grounds on which he resists the claims of the plaintiff in the original bill, if that is the object of the new bill.
26. A cross bill may be filed to answer the purpose of a plea puis darrein continuance at the common law. For example, where, pending a suit, and after replication and issue joined, the defendant having obtained a release and attempted to prove it viva voce at the bearing, it was determined that the release not being in issue in the cause, the court could not try the facts, or direct a trial at law for that purpose, and that a new bill must be filed to put the release in issue. Mitf. Pl. 75, 76 Coop. Eq. Pl. 85; 1 Harr. Ch. Pr. 135.
27. A cross bill must be brought before publication is passed on the first bill, 1 Johns. Ch. R. 62, and not after, except the plaintiff in the cross bill go to the hearing on the depositions already published; because of the danger of perjury and subornation, if the parties should, after publication of the former depositions, examine witnesses, de novo, to the same matter before examined into. 7 Johns. Ch. Rep. 250; Nels. Ch. R. 103.
28. - 2. A bill of review. Bills of review are in the nature of writs of error. They are brought to have decrees of the court reviewed, altered, or reversed, and there are two sorts of these bills. The first is brought where the decree has been signed and enrolled and the second, where the decree has not been signed and enrolled. 1 Ch. Cas. 54; 3 P. Wms. 371. The first of these is called, by way of preeminence, a bill of review; while the other is distinguished by the appellation of a bill in the nature of a bill of review, or a supplemental bill iii the nature of a bill of review. Coop. Eq. Pl. 88; 2 Madd. Ch. Pr. 537.
29. A bill of review must be either for error in point of law; 2 Johns. C. R. 488; Coop. Eq. Pl. 89; or for some new matter of fact, relevant to the case, discovered since publication passed in the cause; and which could not, with reasonable diligence, have been discovered before. 2 Johns. C. R. 488; Coop. Eq. Pl. 94. See 3 Johns. R. 124,
30. - 3. Bill to impeach a decree on the ground of fraud. When a decree has been obtained by fraud, it may be impeached by original bill, without leave of court. As the principal point in issue, is the fraud in obtaining it, it must be established before the propriety of the decree can be investigated, and the fraud must be distinctly stated in the bill. The prayer must necessarily be varied according to the nature of the fraud used, and the extent of its operation in obtaining an improper decision of the court. When the decree to set aside a fraudulent decree has been obtained, the court will restore the parties to their former situation, whatever their rights may be. Mitf. Eq. Pl. 84; Sto. Eq. Pl. Sec. 426.
31. - 4. Bill to suspend a decree. The operation of a decree may be suspended under special circumstances, or avoided by matter subsequent to the decrees upon a new bill for that purpose. See 1 Ch. Cas. 3, 61 2 Ch . Cal 8 Mitf. Eq. Pl. 85 , 86.
32. - 5. Bill to carry a decree into execution. This is one which is filed when from the neglect of parties, or some other cause, it may become impossible to carry a decree into execution without the further decree of the court. Hinde, 68; 1 Harr. Ch. 148.
33. - 6. Bills partaking of the qualities of some one or more of other bills. These are,
34. First. Bill in the nature of a bill of revivor. A bill in the nature of a bill of revivor, is one which is filed when the death of a party, whose interest is not determined by his death, is attended with such a transmission of his interest, that the title to it, as well as the person entitled, may be litigated in the court of chancery, as in the case of a devise of real estate, the suit is not permitted to be continued by bill of revivor. 1 Ch. Cas. 123; Id. 174; 3 Ch. Rep. 39; Mosely, R. 44. In such cases an original bill, upon which the title may be litigated, must be filed, and this bill will have so far the effect of a bill of revivor, that if the, title of the representative by the act of the deceased party is established, the same benefit may be had of the proceedings upon the former bill, as if the suit had been continued by bill of revivor. 1 Vern. 427; 2 Vern. 548 Id. 672; 2 Bro. P. C. 529; 1 Eq. Cas. Ab. 83; Mitf. Pl. 66, 67.
35. Secondly. Bill in the nature. of a supplemental bill. An original bill in the nature of a supplemental bill, is one filed when the interest of the plaintiff or defendant, suing or defending, wholly determines, and the same property becomes vested in another person not claiming under him. Hinde, 71; Blake's Ch. Pr. 38. The principal difference between this and a supplemental bill, seems to be, that a supplemental bill is applicable to such cases only, where the same parties or the same interests remain before the court; whereas, an original bill in the nature of a supplemental bill, is properly applicable where new parties, with new interests, arising from events occurring since the institution of the suit, are brought before the court. Coop. Eq. Pl. 75; Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 345.
36. Thirdly. Bill in the nature of a bill of review. A bill in the nature of a bill of review, is one brought by a person not bound by a decree, praying that the same may be examined and reversed; as where a decree is made against a person who has no interest at all in the matter in dispute, or had not an interest sufficient to render the decree against him binding upon some person claiming after him. Relief may be obtained against error in the decree, by a bill in the nature of a bill of review. This bill in its frame resembles a bill of review, except that instead of praying that the former decree may be reviewed and reversed, it prays that the cause may be heard with respect to the new matter made the subject of the supplemental bill, at the same time that it is reheard upon the original bill; and that the plaintiff may have such relief as the nature of the case made by the supplemental bill may require. 1 Harr. Ch. P. 145.
37. There are also bills which derive their names from the object which the complainant has in view. These will be separately considered.
38.- 1. Bill of foreclosure. A bill of foreclosure is one filed by a mortgagee against the mortgagor, for the purpose of having the estate, sold, thereby to obtain the sum mortgaged on the premises, with interest and costs. 1 Madd. Ch. Pr. 528. As to the persons who are to be made parties to a bill of foreclosure, see Story, Eq. Pl. Sec. 199-202.
39. - 2. Bill of information. A bill of information is a bill instituted in behalf of the state, or those whose rights are the object of its care and protection. It is commenced by information exhibited in the name of the attorney-general, and differs from other bills little more than in name. If the suit immediately concerns the right of the state, the information is generally exhibited without a relator. If it does not immediately concern those rights, it is conducted at the instance and under the immediate direction of, some person whose name is inserted in the information, and is termed the relator; the officers of the state, in such or the like cases, are not further concerned than as they are instructed and advised by those whose rights the state is called upon to protect and establish. Blake's Ch. Pl. 50; see Harr. Ch. Pr. 151.
40. - 3. Bill to marshal assets. A bill to marshal assets is one filed in favor of simple contract creditors, and of legatees, devisees, and heirs, but not in favor of next of kin, to prevent specialty. creditors from exhausting the personal estate. See Marshaling of Assets.
41. - 4. Bill to marshal securities. A bill to marshal securities is one which is filed against a party who has two funds by which his debt is secured, by a person having an interest in only one of those funds. As if A has two mortgages and B has but one, B has a right to throw A upon the security which B cannot touch. 2 Atk. 446; see 8 Ves. 388, 395. This last case contains a luminous exposition in all its bearings. In Pennsylvania, and perhaps in some other states, the object of this bill is reached by subrogation, (q. v.) that is, by substituting the creditor, having but one fund to resort to, to the rights of the other creditor, in respect to the other fund.
42. - 5. Bill for a new trial. This is a bill filed in a court of equity praying for an injunction after judgment at law, when there is any fact, which renders it against conscience to execute such judgment, and of which the injured party could not avail himself in a court of law-, or, if he could, was prevented by fraud or accident, unmixed with any fault or negligence of himself or his agents. Mitf. Pl. by Jer. 131; 2 Story Eq. Sec. 887. Of late years bills of this description are not countenanced. Id.201 John. Ch. R. 432 6 John. Ch. R. 479.
43. - 6. Bill of peace. A bill of peace is one which is filed when a person has a right which may be controverted by various persons, at different times, and by different actions. In such a case the court will prevent a multiplicity of suits, by directing an issue to determine the right, and ultimately grant an injunction. 1 Madd. Ch. Pr. 166; 1 Harr. Ch. Pr. 104; Blake's Ch. Pr. 48; 2 Story, Eq. Jur. Sec. 852 to 860; Jeremy on Eq. Jurisd. 343 2 John. Ch. R. 281; 8 Cranch, R. 426.
44. There is another class of cases in which a bill of peace is now ordinarily applied; namely, when the plaintiff, after repeated and satisfactory trials, has established his right at law, and is still in danger of new attempts to controvert it. In order to quiet the possession of the plaintiff, and to suppress future litigation, courts of equity, under such circumstances, will interfere, and grant a perpetual injunction. 3 John. R. 529; 8 Cranch, R. 462; Mit. Pl. by Jeremy, 143; 2 John. Ch. R. 281; Ed. on Inj. 356.
45. - 7. Bill quia timet. A bill quia timet, is one which is filed when a person is entitled to property of a personal nature after another's death, and has reason to apprehend it may be destroyed by the present possessor; or when he is apprehensive of being subjected to a future inconvenience, probable or even possible to happen or be occasioned by the neglect, inadvertence, or culpability of another. Upon a proper case being made out, the court will, in one case, secure the property for the use of the party (which is the object of the bill) by compelling the person in possession of it, to give a proper security against any subsequent disposition or willful destruction and in the other case, they will quiet the party's apprehension of future inconvenience, by removing the causes which may lead to it. 1 Harr. Ch. Pr. 107; 1 Madd. Ch. Pr. 218: Blake's Ch. Pr. 37, 47; 2 Story, Eq. Jur. Sec. 825 to 851. Vide, generally, Bouv. Inst. Index, h. t.

BILL, merc. law. An account containing the items of goods sold, or of work done by one person against another. It differs from an account stated (q. v.) in this, that the latter is a bill approved and sanctioned by the debtor, whereas a bill is made out by the creditor alone.

BILL, contracts. A bill or obligation, (which are the same thing, except that in English it is commonly called bill, but in Latin obligatio, obligation,) is a deed whereby the obligor acknowledges himself to owe unto the obligee a certain sum of money or some other thing, in which, besides the names of the parties, are to be considered the sum or thing due, the time, place, and manner of payment or delivery thereof. It may be indented, or poll, and with or without a penalty. West's Symboleography s. 100, 101, and the various forms there given.

BILL, SINGLE, contracts. A writing by which one person or more, promises to another or others, to pay him or them a sum of money at a time therein specified, without any condition. It is usually under seal; and when so, it is sometimes, if not commonly, called a bill obligatory. (q. v.) 2 S. & R. 115.
2. It differs from a promissory note in this, that the latter is always payable to order; and from a bond, because that instrument has always a condition attached to it, on the performance of which it is satisfied. 5 Com. Dig. 194; 7 Com. 357.

BILL, TRUE. A true bill is an indictment approved of by a grand jury. Vide Billa Vera; True Bill.

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noun beak

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noun charges

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noun banknote

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noun act of parliament

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noun list

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noun advertisement

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verb charge

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verb advertise

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phrase fit the bill

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phrase foot the bill

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noun a precise list of fees or charges

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noun a document, such as a list or an outline, that gives, for example, the order of events in a public performance or the chief features of a stock offering

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noun a usually public posting that conveys a message

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noun the formal product of a legislative or judicial body

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verb to present a statement of fees or charges to

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noun the horny projection forming a bird's jaws

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