Stein, William Howard

Stein, William Howard,

1911–80, American biochemist, b. New York City, Ph.D. Columbia, 1937. Stein was a professor at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (now Rockefeller Univ.) from 1937 until he retired in 1971. He shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Christian AnfinsenAnfinsen, Christian Boehmer,
1916–95, American biochemist, b. Monessen, Pa., Ph.D. Harvard Medical School, 1943. He spent the early years of his career in brief research and fellowship positions at various medical institutions and agencies.
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 and Stanford MooreMoore, Stanford,
1913–82, American biochemist, b. Chicago, Ph.D. Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, 1938. Moore joined the faculty at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (now Rockefeller Univ.) in New York in 1939 and remained there until his death in 1982.
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 for their work on ribonuclease. Building on Anfinsen's work, which elucidated the way in which ribonuclease is formed in living cells, Moore and Stein articulated critical principles concerning the relationship between the molecular structure and the biological activity of the enzyme, which breaks down ribonucleic acid and translates it into proteins that the body can use.

Stein, William Howard

 

Born June 25, 1911, in New York. American biochemist. Member of the US National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Stein graduated from Harvard University in 1933 and received a Ph.D. from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University in 1938. In that year he began working at Rockefeller Univerity in New York, where he became a professor of biochemistry in 1955. Stein’s research has dealt mainly with the analytical chemistry of proteins and enzymes. He developed a quantitative method of determining amino acids based on ion- exchange chromatography. He was the first to establish (jointly with others) the primary structure of the enzyme ribonuclease, and he also investigated the structure of the active sites of enzymes. Stein received1 a Nobel Prize in 1972 jointly with S. Moore and C. Anfinsen.