Solid-State Reaction

in analytical chemistry, a chemical reaction between solids, the occurrence of which is detected by a characteristic color. Solid-state reactions also include reactions that result in the precipitation or dissolution of a colored deposit.

The procedure for carrying out analytical solid-state reactions is simple: small amounts (of the order of 1 mg) of a reagent and of the substance to be tested are mixed on a strip of filter paper or in a porcelain crucible, and the resulting color is observed. This method can be used to detect, for example, Ni²⁺ in its salts; here, small amounts of dimethylglyoxime and (NH₄)₂CO₃ are added to the sample, as a result of which red dimethylglyoximine, Ni(C₄H₇O₂N)₂, is observed. Salts of Pb²⁺ react with KI to yield yellow Pbl₂, and salts of Fe³⁺ react with K₄Fe(CN)₆ to give Prussian blue, Fe₄[Fe(CN₆)]₃.

Solid-state reactions can be used in the field to identify minerals, ores, and chemical fertilizers. They can also be used to test pharmaceuticals.

REFERENCE

Voskresenskii, P. I. Analiticheskie reaktsii mezhdu tverdymi veshchestvami i polevoi khimicheskii analiz. Moscow, 1963.

S. A. POGODIN

单词	solid-state reaction
释义	Solid-State Reaction Solid-State Reaction in analytical chemistry, a chemical reaction between solids, the occurrence of which is detected by a characteristic color. Solid-state reactions also include reactions that result in the precipitation or dissolution of a colored deposit. The procedure for carrying out analytical solid-state reactions is simple: small amounts (of the order of 1 mg) of a reagent and of the substance to be tested are mixed on a strip of filter paper or in a porcelain crucible, and the resulting color is observed. This method can be used to detect, for example, Ni²⁺ in its salts; here, small amounts of dimethylglyoxime and (NH₄)₂CO₃ are added to the sample, as a result of which red dimethylglyoximine, Ni(C₄H₇O₂N)₂, is observed. Salts of Pb²⁺ react with KI to yield yellow Pbl₂, and salts of Fe³⁺ react with K₄Fe(CN)₆ to give Prussian blue, Fe₄[Fe(CN₆)]₃. Solid-state reactions can be used in the field to identify minerals, ores, and chemical fertilizers. They can also be used to test pharmaceuticals. REFERENCE Voskresenskii, P. I. Analiticheskie reaktsii mezhdu tverdymi veshchestvami i polevoi khimicheskii analiz. Moscow, 1963. S. A. POGODIN
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