taste

T0056000 (tāst)v. tast·ed, tast·ing, tastes v.tr.1. To distinguish the flavor of by taking into the mouth.2. To eat or drink a small quantity of.3. To partake of, especially for the first time; experience: prisoners finally tasting freedom.4. Archaic To appreciate or enjoy.v.intr.1. To distinguish flavors in the mouth.2. To have a distinct flavor: The stew tastes salty.3. To eat or drink a small amount.4. To have experience or enjoyment; partake: tasted of the life of the very rich.n.1. a. The sense that distinguishes the sweet, sour, salty, and bitter qualities of dissolved substances in contact with the taste buds on the tongue.b. This sense in combination with the senses of smell and touch, which together receive a sensation of a substance in the mouth.2. a. The sensation of sweet, sour, salty, or bitter qualities produced by a substance placed in the mouth.b. The unified sensation produced by any of these qualities plus a distinct smell and texture; flavor.c. A distinctive perception as if by the sense of taste: an experience that left a bad taste in my mouth.3. The act of tasting.4. A small quantity eaten or tasted.5. A limited or first experience; a sample: "Thousands entered the war, got just a taste of it, and then stepped out" (Mark Twain).6. A personal preference or liking: a taste for adventure; a play that was not to my taste.7. The ability to recognize and appreciate what is beautiful, excellent, or appropriate: has good taste in clothes.8. The sense of what is proper, seemly, or least likely to give offense in a given social situation: a remark made in bad taste.9. Obsolete The act of testing; trial.

[Middle English tasten, to touch, taste, from Old French taster, from Vulgar Latin *tastāre, probably alteration of Latin *taxāre, probably frequentative of tangere, to touch; see tag- in Indo-European roots.]

tast′a·ble adj.

taste

(teɪst) n1. (Physiology) the sense by which the qualities and flavour of a substance are distinguished by the taste buds2. (Physiology) the sensation experienced by means of the taste buds3. the act of tasting4. a small amount eaten, drunk, or tried on the tongue5. a brief experience of something: a taste of the whip. 6. a preference or liking for something; inclination: to have a taste for danger. 7. the ability to make discerning judgments about aesthetic, artistic, and intellectual matters; discrimination: to have taste. 8. judgment of aesthetic or social matters according to a generally accepted standard: bad taste. 9. discretion; delicacy: that remark lacks taste. 10. obsolete the act of testingvb11. (Physiology) to distinguish the taste of (a substance) by means of the taste buds12. (usually tr) to take a small amount of (a food, liquid, etc) into the mouth, esp in order to test the quality: to taste the wine. 13. (often foll by of) to have a specific flavour or taste: the tea tastes of soap; this apple tastes sour. 14. (when: intr, usually foll by of) to have an experience of (something): to taste success. 15. (tr) an archaic word for enjoy16. (tr) obsolete to test by touching[C13: from Old French taster, ultimately from Latin taxāre to appraise] ˈtasteable, ˈtastable adj

taste

(teɪst)

v. tast•ed, tast•ing,
n. v.t. 1. to test the flavor or quality of by taking some into the mouth. 2. to eat or drink a little of. 3. to eat or drink: He hadn't tasted food for three days. 4. to perceive or distinguish the flavor of: to taste the wine in a sauce. 5. to experience, esp. to only a slight degree. 6. Archaic. to enjoy or appreciate. v.i. 7. to try the flavor or quality of something. 8. to eat or drink a little (usu. fol. by of). 9. to perceive or distinguish the flavor of anything. 10. to have a particular flavor: The coffee tastes bitter. 11. to have experience, however limited (usu. fol. by of): to taste of victory even in defeat. n. 12. the sense by which the flavor or savor of things is perceived when they are brought into contact with the tongue. 13. the sensation or quality as perceived by this sense; flavor. 14. the act of tasting food or drink. 15. a small quantity tasted. 16. a relish, liking, or partiality for something: a taste for music. 17. a sense of what is fitting, harmonious, or beautiful. 18. a sense of what is polite, tactful, etc., to say or do in a given social situation. 19. one's attitude toward or display of aesthetic or social values, regarded as good or bad: elegant taste in clothes; jokes in poor taste. 20. the ideas or preferences typical of a culture or an individual in regard to what is beautiful or harmonious: a sample of Victorian taste. 21. a slight experience of something: a taste of adventure. 22. a feeling or sensation resulting from an experience: a compromise that had left her with a bad taste. [1250–1300; Middle English: to touch, taste < Old French taster to touch, explore by touching < Vulgar Latin *tastāre, probably by contraction from *taxitāre, frequentative of Latin taxāre to handle (see tax)] tast′a•ble, taste′a•ble, adj.

Taste

A mouth on me like a Turkish wrestler’s jock-strap —M. C. Beaton
As pleasingly prickly as a kitten’s tongue —Slogan for Gevrey-Chamertin wine
A fastidious taste is like a squeamish appetite; the one has its origin in some disease of the mind, as the other has in some ailment of the stomach —Robert Southey
Full of rich flavor as a piece torn off an old shirt —Raymond Chandler
His mouth felt as if it had been to a party without him —Peter DeVries
His mouth was tastelessly dry, as though he had been eating dust —Joseph Conrad
My mouth [from smoking a cigarette] tasted like a cross between charred sticks and spoiled eggs —Sue Grafton
My mouth was dry and tasty as a hen-coop floor —Harold Adams
My mouth tasted like an old penny —Robert B. Parker
My tongue felt like a slice of ham in my mouth, salty and pink —Jay Parini
Palates like shoe leather —Angela Carter
(Melons … as) sweet to the tongue as gold is to the mind —Borden Deal
Tasted like a fart —Reynolds Price
Tasted like it had been fried in tar —Larry McMurtry
Taste is the luxury of abeyant claims and occurs, like Wordsworth’s poetry, in a kind of tranquillity —Stanley Elkin
Taste like a cup of lukewarm consommé at a spinsterish tearoom —Raymond Chandler, on mystery writing
(The crap still in his mouth made everything) taste like feathers —William Mcllvanney
Taste like the Volga at low tide —Line from movie Love At First Bite. The character making this comparison is Count Von Dracula.
Tastes like cool, wet sand under pearly seaside light —Slogan for Chateau Guiraud’s Chateau “G” wine
Tastes like the wrath to come —Irvin S. Cobb
Cobb used the comparison to describe the taste of corn liquor.
Tastes rather like an old attic —J. B. Priestly
Tasty as summer’s first peach —Elyse Sommer
Tasty, like an angel pissing on your tongue —Anon
This was used throughout the galleys of Great Lakes steamships to describe good-tasting liquid or solid food.

taste

Past participle: tasted
Gerund: tasting

Imperative
taste
taste

Present
I taste
you taste
he/she/it tastes
we taste
you taste
they taste

Preterite
I tasted
you tasted
he/she/it tasted
we tasted
you tasted
they tasted

Present Continuous
I am tasting
you are tasting
he/she/it is tasting
we are tasting
you are tasting
they are tasting

Present Perfect
I have tasted
you have tasted
he/she/it has tasted
we have tasted
you have tasted
they have tasted

Past Continuous
I was tasting
you were tasting
he/she/it was tasting
we were tasting
you were tasting
they were tasting

Past Perfect
I had tasted
you had tasted
he/she/it had tasted
we had tasted
you had tasted
they had tasted

Future
I will taste
you will taste
he/she/it will taste
we will taste
you will taste
they will taste

Future Perfect
I will have tasted
you will have tasted
he/she/it will have tasted
we will have tasted
you will have tasted
they will have tasted

Future Continuous
I will be tasting
you will be tasting
he/she/it will be tasting
we will be tasting
you will be tasting
they will be tasting

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been tasting
you have been tasting
he/she/it has been tasting
we have been tasting
you have been tasting
they have been tasting

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been tasting
you will have been tasting
he/she/it will have been tasting
we will have been tasting
you will have been tasting
they will have been tasting

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been tasting
you had been tasting
he/she/it had been tasting
we had been tasting
you had been tasting
they had been tasting

Conditional
I would taste
you would taste
he/she/it would taste
we would taste
you would taste
they would taste

Past Conditional
I would have tasted
you would have tasted
he/she/it would have tasted
we would have tasted
you would have tasted
they would have tasted

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	taste - the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus; "the candy left him with a bad taste"; "the melon had a delicious taste"gustatory perception, gustatory sensation, taste perception, taste sensationaesthesis, esthesis, sensation, sense datum, sense experience, sense impression - an unelaborated elementary awareness of stimulation; "a sensation of touch"sapidity, savor, savour, smack, flavor, flavour, nip, relish, tang - the taste experience when a savoury condiment is taken into the mouthsugariness, sweetness, sweet - the taste experience when sugar dissolves in the mouthsourness, tartness, sour - the taste experience when vinegar or lemon juice is taken into the mouthbitter, bitterness - the taste experience when quinine or coffee is taken into the mouthsalinity, saltiness, salt - the taste experience when common salt is taken into the mouthastringence, astringency - a sharp astringent taste; the taste experience when a substance causes the mouth to puckerfinish - (wine tasting) the taste of a wine on the back of the tongue (as it is swallowed); "the wine has a nutty flavor and a pleasant finish"flatness - a deficiency in flavor; "it needed lemon juice to sharpen the flatness of the dried lentils"mellowness - a taste (especially of fruit) that is ripe and of full flavor
	2.	taste - a strong liking; "my own preference is for good literature"; "the Irish have a penchant for blarney"penchant, preference, predilectionliking - a feeling of pleasure and enjoyment; "I've always had a liking for reading"; "she developed a liking for gin"acquired taste - a preference that is only acquired after considerable experience; "martinis are an acquired taste"weakness - a penchant for something even though it might not be good for you; "he has a weakness for chocolate"
	3.	taste - delicate discrimination (especially of aesthetic values); "arrogance and lack of taste contributed to his rapid success"; "to ask at that particular time was the ultimate in bad taste"appreciation, discernment, perceptivenessdiscrimination, secernment - the cognitive process whereby two or more stimuli are distinguishedconnoisseurship, vertu, virtu - love of or taste for fine objects of artvogue, style, trend - the popular taste at a given time; "leather is the latest vogue"; "he followed current trends"; "the 1920s had a style of their own"delicacy, discretion - refined taste; tactculture - the tastes in art and manners that are favored by a social group
	4.	taste - a brief experience of something; "he got a taste of life on the wild side"; "she enjoyed her brief taste of independence"experience - an event as apprehended; "a surprising experience"; "that painful experience certainly got our attention"
	5.	taste - a small amount eaten or drunk; "take a taste--you'll like it"mouthfulhelping, serving, portion - an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal; "the helpings were all small"; "his portion was larger than hers"; "there's enough for two servings each"bite, morsel, bit - a small amount of solid food; a mouthful; "all they had left was a bit of bread"sup, swallow - a small amount of liquid food; "a sup of ale"small indefinite amount, small indefinite quantity - an indefinite quantity that is below average size or magnitude
	6.	taste - the faculty of distinguishing sweet, sour, bitter, and salty properties in the mouth; "his cold deprived him of his sense of taste"gustation, gustatory modality, sense of tastesense modality, sensory system, modality - a particular senseexteroception - sensitivity to stimuli originating outside of the body
	7.	taste - a kind of sensing; distinguishing substances by means of the taste buds; "a wine tasting"tastingsensing, perception - becoming aware of something via the senses
Verb	1.	taste - have flavor; taste of somethingsavour, savorsmack, taste - have a distinctive or characteristic taste; "This tastes of nutmeg"
	2.	taste - perceive by the sense of taste; "Can you taste the garlic?"perceive, comprehend - to become aware of through the senses; "I could perceive the ship coming over the horizon"savor, savour - taste appreciatively; "savor the soup"
	3.	taste - take a sample of; "Try these new crackers"; "Sample the regional dishes"sample, try, try outingest, consume, have, take in, take - serve oneself to, or consume regularly; "Have another bowl of chicken soup!"; "I don't take sugar in my coffee"degust - taste with relish; "degust this wonderful soup"
	4.	taste - have a distinctive or characteristic taste; "This tastes of nutmeg"smacksavour, taste, savor - have flavor; taste of something
	5.	taste - distinguish flavors; "We tasted wines last night"identify - consider to be equal or the same; "He identified his brother as one of the fugitives"
	6.	taste - experience briefly; "The ex-slave tasted freedom shortly before she died"experience, know, live - have firsthand knowledge of states, situations, emotions, or sensations; "I know the feeling!"; "have you ever known hunger?"; "I have lived a kind of hell when I was a drug addict"; "The holocaust survivors have lived a nightmare"; "I lived through two divorces"

taste

noun1. flavour, savour, relish, smack, tang Nettles have a surprisingly sweet taste.
flavour blandness, tastelessness, insipidity2. bit, bite, drop, swallow, sip, mouthful, touch, sample, dash, nip, spoonful, morsel, titbit, soupçon (French) He took another small taste.3. experience, contact with, exposure to, impression, participation in, involvement with, familiarity with This voyage was his first taste of freedom.4. liking, preference, penchant, fondness, partiality, desire, fancy, leaning, bent, appetite, relish, inclination, palate, predilection She developed a taste for journeys to hazardous regions.
liking dislike, hatred, loathing, distaste, disinclination5. refinement, style, judgment, culture, polish, grace, discrimination, perception, appreciation, elegance, sophistication, cultivation, discernment She has very good taste in clothes.
refinement lack of judgment, tastelessness, tackiness, lack of discernment6. propriety, discretion, correctness, delicacy, tact, politeness, nicety, decorum, tactfulness I do not feel your actions were in good taste.
propriety impropriety, crudeness, tactlessness, indelicacy, obscenity (informal), coarseness, blueness, bawdiness, unsubtletyverb1. have a flavour of, smack of, savour of The drink tastes like chocolate.2. sample, try, test, relish, sip, savour, nibble Cut off a small piece of meat and taste it.3. distinguish, perceive, discern, differentiate You can taste the chilli in the dish.4. experience, know, undergo, partake of, feel, encounter, meet with, come up against, have knowledge of He had tasted outdoor life, and didn't want to come home.
experience miss, fail to experience, remain ignorant ofRelated words
noun gustation
fear geumaphobiaQuotations
"Taste is the only morality. Tell me what you like, and I'll tell you who you are" [John Ruskin]
"Taste is the enemy of creativeness" [Pablo Picasso]Proverbs
"There's no accounting for tastes"
"Beauty is in the eye of the beholder"
"One man's meat is another man's poison"

taste

verb1. To have a particular flavor or suggestion of something:savor, smack, smell, suggest.2. To undergo an emotional reaction:experience, feel, have, know, savor.3. To participate in or partake of personally.Also used with of:experience, feel, go through, have, know, meet (with), see, suffer, undergo.Archaic: prove.Idiom: run up against.noun1. A desire for food or drink:appetite, hunger, stomach, thirst.2. A distinctive property of a substance affecting the gustatory sense:flavor, relish, sapor, savor, smack, tang, zest.3. A limited or anticipatory experience:foretaste, sample.4. A slight amount or indication:breath, dash, ghost, hair, hint, intimation, semblance, shade, shadow, soupçon, streak, suggestion, suspicion, tinge, touch, trace, whiff, whisper.Informal: whisker.5. A liking for something:appetite, fondness, partiality, preference, relish, weakness.6. The faculty or sense of discerning what is aesthetically pleasing or appropriate:tastefulness.

Translations

味道品尝品尝到尝尝出...味道

taste

(teist) verb1. to be aware of, or recognize, the flavour of something. I can taste ginger in this cake. 尝到，感到 2. to test or find out the flavour or quality of (food etc) by eating or drinking a little of it. Please taste this and tell me if it is too sweet.尝出...味道3. to have a particular flavour or other quality that is noticed through the act of tasting. This milk tastes sour; The sauce tastes of garlic. 吃起来（有...味道） 4. to eat (food) especially with enjoyment. I haven't tasted such a beautiful curry for ages. 领略到，品尝到 5. to experience. He tasted the delights of country life.感受 noun1. one of the five senses, the sense by which we are aware of flavour. one's sense of taste; bitter to the taste.味道2. the quality or flavour of anything that is known through this sense. This wine has an unusual taste.味觉3. an act of tasting or a small quantity of food etc for tasting. Do have a taste of this cake! 尝（一尝） 4. a liking or preference. a taste for music; a queer taste in books; expensive tastes.爱好5. the ability to judge what is suitable in behaviour, dress etc or what is fine and beautiful. She shows good taste in clothes; a man of taste; That joke was in good/bad taste.鉴赏力ˈtasteful adjective showing good judgement or taste. a tasteful flower arrangement.有良好判断力或鉴赏力的ˈtastefully adverb 雅致地，高雅地 ˈtastefulness noun 鉴赏力，雅致 ˈtasteless adjective1. lacking flavour. tasteless food. 乏味的，无味的 2. showing a lack of good taste or judgement. tasteless behaviour.无辨别力的ˈtastelessly adverb无辨别地ˈtastelessness noun 乏味，无鉴别力 -tasting having a (particular kind of) taste. a sweet-tasting liquid. ...味的 ˈtasty adjective having a good, especially savoury, flavour. tasty food. 美味的，可口的，鲜美的 ˈtastiness noun美味

taste

→ 味道zhCN, 品尝zhCN

May I taste it? (US)
Can I taste it? (UK) → 我可以先尝尝吗？
It doesn't taste very good (US)
It doesn't taste very nice (UK) → 这菜不好吃

taste

taste,

response to chemical stimulation that enables an organism to detect flavors. In humans and most vertebrate animals, taste is produced by the stimulation by various substances of the taste buds on the mucous membrane of the tonguetongue,
muscular organ occupying the floor of the mouth in vertebrates. In some animals, such as lizards, anteaters, and frogs, it serves a food-gathering function. In humans, the tongue functions principally in chewing, swallowing, and speaking.
..... Click the link for more information. . A taste bud consists of about 20 long, slender cells; a tiny hair projects from each cell to the surface of the tongue through a tiny pore. The taste cells contain the endings of nerve filaments that convey impulses to the taste center in the brain. Five fundamental tastes, or a combination of these, can be detected by the buds: sweet, sour, salt, bitter, and umami. Umami, a meaty taste associated with glutamate and protein-rich foods, was identified by Kikunae Ikeda in Japan in the early 20th cent., and umami receptors were only discovered in 1996. Only the buds most sensitive to salty flavor are scattered evenly over the tongue. Sweet-sensitive taste buds are more concentrated on the tip of the tongue, sour flavors at the sides of the tongue, and bitter and umami flavors at the back. The close relationship of taste to smellsmell,
sense that enables an organism to perceive and distinguish the odors of various substances, also known as olfaction. In humans, the organ of smell is situated in the mucous membrane of the upper portion of the nasal cavity near the septum.
..... Click the link for more information. gives the impression that a greater variety of tastes exists. This is also why an impairment of smell, as during a cold, may impart the feeling that the sense of taste is diminished.

Taste

Taste, or gustation, is one of the senses used to detect the chemical makeup of ingested food—that is, to establish its palatability and nutritional composition. Flavor is a complex amalgam of taste, olfaction (smell), and other sensations, including those generated by mechanoreceptor and thermoreceptor sensory cells in the oral cavity. Taste sensory cells respond principally to the water-soluble chemical stimuli present in food, whereas olfactory sensory cells respond to volatile (airborne) compounds. See Chemical senses, Sensation

The sensory organs of gustation are termed taste buds. In humans and most other mammals, taste buds are located on the tongue in the fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae and in adjacent structures of the throat. There are approximately 5000 taste buds in humans, although this number varies tremendously. Taste buds are goblet-shaped clusters of 50 to 100 long slender cells. Microvilli protrude from the apical (upper) end of sensory cells into shallow taste pores. Taste pores open onto the tongue surface and provide access to the sensory cells. Individual sensory nerve fibers branch profusely within taste buds and make contacts (synapses) with taste bud sensory cells. Taste buds also contain supporting and developing taste cells.

The basic taste qualities experienced by humans include sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. (In some species, pure water also strongly stimulates taste bud cells). A fifth taste, umami, is now recognized by many as distinct from the other qualities. Umami is a Japanese term roughly translated as “good taste” and is approximated by the English term “savory.” It refers to the taste of certain amino acids such as glutamate (as in monosodium glutamate) and certain monophosphate nucleotides. These compounds occur naturally in protein-rich foods, including meat, fish, cheese, and certain vegetables.

The middorsum (middle top portion) of the tongue surface is insensitive to all tastes. Only small differences, if any, exist for the taste qualities between different parts of the tongue. No simple direct relationship exists between chemical stimuli and a particular taste quality except, perhaps, for sourness (acidity). Sourness is due to H⁺ ions. The taste qualities of inorganic salts are complex, and sweet and bitter tastes are elicited by a wide variety of diverse chemicals.

Taste

the sensation arising from the action of solutions of chemical substances on the receptors of the taste buds located on the tongue and on the mucous membrane of the mouth in mammals and in man.

The basic sensations of taste—sour, salty, sweet, and bitter—are determined by the configuration of the molecules of the substance adsorbed on specific taste receptors that have surfaces of a particular form. All complex taste sensations are produced by a combination of the basic tastes. The edges of the tongue are most sensitive to bitter tastes, the tip and the edges to salty tastes, the tip to sweet tastes, and the base of the tongue to bitter tastes. Sour tastes are caused by a concentration of free hydrogen ions which react with the acids in saliva. Sodium chloride is the only substance which has a purely salty taste. As the molecular weight of inorganic salts increases their taste changes from salty to bitter. How-ever, a strict correlation between chemical and physical properties of substances and their taste has not been discovered.

Complex taste sensations are the result of the simultaneous action on nerve centers of information from various receptors of taste, smell, pain, touch, and temperature in the oral cavity. Thus, a burning and spicy taste is caused by the irritation of the pain receptors of the oral cavity. The minimum (threshold) concentrations of solutions that cause taste sensations vary from substance to substance (for example, 0.4 percent for sugar and 0.00005 percent for quinine). With the continued action of a substance on a receptor, physiological adaptation takes place: the sensitivity of the taste receptor to that particular substance is lowered. Adaptation to sweet and salty substances is faster than adaptation to bitter and sour substances. In man and in animals that eat mixed and vegetable food, sweet substances elicit a positive reaction and bitter substances a negative one. The positive taste reaction to sweet substances is absent in carnivores; the negative taste reaction to bitter substances is absent in insectivorous animals.

Taste influences appetite and digestion and is dependent on the physiological condition of an organism. When an organism has an excessive amount of a particular substance (for example, sugar or table salt) a negative taste reaction arises to these substances. A lack of a particular substance raises the sensitivity of the taste receptors to it and stimulates increased demand for the substance. Thus, an injury to the cortex of the adrenal glands accompanied by an increased outflow of sodium from the organism leads to an increased demand for salty food. Children and pregnant women who experience a great need for calcium, phosphorous, sodium, and iron sometimes eat chalk, coal, and so on. There are no precise quantitative criteria for taste sensations, and special tasters determine the quality of such products as wine and cheese.

REFERENCES

Bronshtein, A. I. Vkus i obonianie. Moscow-Leningrad, 1956.
Olfaction and Taste, vols. 1-3. Oxford, 1963-69.

V. G. KASSIL’

Taste

(aesthetic), man’s ability to distinguish, understand, and evaluate the beautiful and the ugly in reality and in works of art. Aesthetic taste is a result of long historical development. In the process of social practical activity man’s taste for nature is formed, that is, “a musical ear, an eye for beauty of form, in short, senses which are capable of human gratification—senses affirming themselves as essential powers of man” (K. Marx, in K. Marx and F. Engels,/z rannikh proizvedenii, 1956, p. 593). Art has a special significance for the inculcation of taste.

In modern aesthetics, until the 19th century, it was argued whether taste was rational or irrational, whether it was based on reason or emotion, whether it was an inherent or a learned ability, and whether its judgments had general or individual significance. In France taste was declared to be a rational phenomenon in the works of N. Boileau, C. Batteux, C. Montesquieu, Voltaire, and others. Beginning with Boileau, who was under the influence of the rationalist philosophy of Descartes, the basis of taste was considered to be the study of the works of antiquity. And verisimilitude, rationality, and clarity were regarded as the main characteristics of taste. In English aesthetics of the 17th and 18th centuries, the concept of taste acquired not only an aesthetic meaning but a moral one as well. According to A. Shaftesbury and H. Home, true taste is determined not by the mind and knowledge but by character and the harmonious balance of various feelings within man. Taste is manifested not in adherence to constrictive rules but in a sense of truth and in accordance with truth and nature. The English philosophers F. Hutcheson and, later, E. Burke affirmed the universality of aesthetic taste, a universality which is rooted in the common psychophysiological nature of all people. D. Hume stressed the subjectivity of taste (“matters of taste cannot be argued”).

I. Kant in his Critique of Judgment (1790) pointed out the basic difficulty of establishing a theory of taste. Taste must be recognized as being simultaneously both social and individual, as both binding for all and depending only on the character of a given individual, and as not subject to rational laws. No logical proof or explanations can make a person accept as beautiful that which he does not find pleasing. At the same time, taste by its definition asserts that what is beautiful to some people should be beautiful for all. This contradiction, according to Kant, cannot be resolved; “rules of taste” cannot be formulated theoretically, and taste can develop only through constant, direct perception of great works of art, which set the standards for taste. G. Hegel criticized the universalization of the concept of taste, particularly as applied to the evaluation and perception of artistic works.

In treating of taste, Marxist-Leninist aesthetics rejects the abstract establishment of norms and regards taste as an expression of man’s sociohistorical culture, which is manifested in all areas of human life, in artistic creation, in the varied aspects of work, in everyday life, and in the behavior of people. Regarding the expression of taste as not only the ability to contemplate and passively evaluate but above all as the ability to create, Marxist aesthetics overcomes the contemplative approach in interpreting taste that was characteristic of the Enlightenment aesthetics of the 18th century. Marxist aesthetics emphasizes the active nature of taste and asserts that it is determined by social factors. According to K. Marx, “an art object … creates a public which under-stands art … and which is capable of enjoying beauty” (K. Marx and F. Engels,S0c/z., 2nd ed., vol. 12, p. 718). The formation and development of taste is the function of aesthetic upbringing. Among problems of the sociology of taste, great significance is being attached to concrete investigation of the influence of media of mass communication upon the formation of aesthetic judgments.

REFERENCES

Matsa, I. L. Ob esteticheskom vkuse. Moscow, 1963.
Istoriia estetiki, vol. 2. Moscow, 1964. Pages 93-100, 140-43, 160-62, 166-72, 274, 284-88, 295-97, 299-307, 362-64, 383-90, 407-09, 491-92, 571-75, 804, 818.
Losev, A. F., and V. P. Shestakov. Istoriia esteticheskikh kategorii. Moscow, 1965. Pages 25&-93.
Chambers, F. P. The History of Taste. New York, 1932.
Weisbach, W. Vom Geschmack und seinen Wandlungen. Basel, 1947.
Ziegenfuss, W. Die Überwindung des Geschmacks. Potsdam, 1949.
Delia Volpe, G. Critic a de gusto. Milan, 1960.

B. I. VIAZ’MIN

taste

[tāst] (physiology) A chemical sense by which flavors are perceived depending on taste, tactile, and warm and cold receptors in the mouth, as well as smell receptors in the nose.

taste

1. the sense by which the qualities and flavour of a substance are distinguished by the taste buds 2. the sensation experienced by means of the taste buds

taste

(1)(primarily MIT) The quality of a program that tends to beinversely proportional to the number of features, hacks, andkluges it contains. Taste refers to sound judgment on thepart of the creator. See also elegant, flavour.

taste

(2)Alternative spelling of "tayste".

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REFERENCES

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Patient discussion about taste

TASTE

taste

Synonyms for taste

noun flavour

Synonyms

Antonyms

noun bit

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noun experience

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noun liking

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noun refinement

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noun propriety

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Antonyms

verb have a flavour of

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verb sample

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verb distinguish

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verb experience

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Antonyms

Synonyms for taste

verb to have a particular flavor or suggestion of something

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verb to undergo an emotional reaction

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verb to participate in or partake of personally

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noun a desire for food or drink

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noun a distinctive property of a substance affecting the gustatory sense

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noun a limited or anticipatory experience

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noun a slight amount or indication

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noun a liking for something

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noun the faculty or sense of discerning what is aesthetically pleasing or appropriate

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Synonyms for taste

noun the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus