Tönnies Ferdinand

(1855-1936) German sociologist and founder of the German Sociological Association, who is above all remembered for his coining of the terms GEMEINSCHAFT AND GESELLSCHAFT, which was based on a distinction between ‘natural will’ (Wesenwille), including habitual as well as instinctual action, and ‘rational will’ (Kurwille), including INSTRUMENTAL RATIONALITY. Both sets of distinctions were IDEAL TYPES, and were used by Tönnies to analyse historical changes in social organization, including the social problems created by the breakdown of traditional social structures. Tönnies concepts, and aspects of his thesis of a loss of COMMUNITY in modern societies, are not dissimilar from those of WEBER or, to a lesser extent, MARX. They form one influence on the work of the CHICAGO SCHOOL. They were also one of the sources of PARSONS formulation of PATTERN VARIABLES.

单词	tönnies ferdinand
释义	Tönnies Ferdinand Tönnies Ferdinand (1855-1936) German sociologist and founder of the German Sociological Association, who is above all remembered for his coining of the terms GEMEINSCHAFT AND GESELLSCHAFT, which was based on a distinction between ‘natural will’ (Wesenwille), including habitual as well as instinctual action, and ‘rational will’ (Kurwille), including INSTRUMENTAL RATIONALITY. Both sets of distinctions were IDEAL TYPES, and were used by Tönnies to analyse historical changes in social organization, including the social problems created by the breakdown of traditional social structures. Tönnies concepts, and aspects of his thesis of a loss of COMMUNITY in modern societies, are not dissimilar from those of WEBER or, to a lesser extent, MARX. They form one influence on the work of the CHICAGO SCHOOL. They were also one of the sources of PARSONS formulation of PATTERN VARIABLES.
随便看	get into his thick skull get in(to) hot water get into hot water gnetales gnetatae gneticae gnet management system go right go right ahead go right at the next junction go right through go right through her go right through her like a dose of salts go right through her like a dose of the salts go right through him go right through him like a dose of salts go right through like a dose of salts go right through like a dose of the salts go right through me go right through me like a dose of salts go right through me like a dose of the salts go right through (one) go right through one go (right) through (one) like a dose of salts go right through one like a dose of salts