vasodilator

enUK

va·so·di·la·tor

V0035800 (vā′zō-dī-lā′tər, -dĭ-, -dī′lā-)n. Something, such as a nerve or drug, that causes vasodilation.

vasodilator

(ˌveɪzəʊdaɪˈleɪtə) n1. (Pharmacology) a drug, agent, or nerve that can cause dilatation (vasodilatation) of the walls of blood vessels2. (Physiology) a drug, agent, or nerve that can cause dilatation (vasodilatation) of the walls of blood vesselsadj3. (Pharmacology) causing vasodilatation4. (Physiology) causing vasodilatation

vas•o•di•la•tor

(ˌvæs oʊ daɪˈleɪ tər, -dɪ-, -ˈdaɪ leɪ-, ˌveɪ zoʊ-)

n. any of various agents, as certain nerves or drugs, that relax or widen blood vessels and thereby maintain or lower blood pressure. [1880–85] vas`o•dil•a•ta′tion (-ˌdɪl əˈteɪ ʃən, -ˌdaɪ lə-) vas`o•di•la′tion, n. vas`o•di•la′tive, adj.

Thesaurus

Noun

vasodilator - a drug that causes dilation of blood vesselsvasodilativeamlodipine besylate, Norvasc - a vasodilator (trade name Norvasc) taken in tablet form; prescribed for hypertension and angina pectorisamyl nitrate - a vasodilator that is sometimes used to treat angina pectorisbutyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite - a colorless pungent liquid sometimes used as a stimulant drug by drug abusersdiazoxide, Hyperstat - vasodilator (trade name Hyperstat) used to treat severe hypertensiondilator - a drug that causes dilationApresoline, hydralazine - an antihypertensive drug (trade name Apresoline) that dilates blood vessels; used (often with a diuretic) to treat hypertension and congestive heart failureLoniten, minoxidil, Rogaine - a vasodilator (trade name Loniten) used to treat severe hypertension; one side effect is hirsutism so it is also sold (trade name Rogaine) as a treatment for male-patterned baldnessNitrospan, Nitrostat - trade names for nitroglycerin used as a coronary vasodilator in the treatment of angina pectorispentaerythritol, Peritrate - a coronary vasodilator (trade name Peritrate) used to treat angina pectoristolazoline - vasodilator that is used to treat spasms of peripheral blood vessels (as in acrocyanosis)glyceryl trinitrate, nitroglycerin, nitroglycerine, Nitrospan, Nitrostat, trinitroglycerin - a heavy yellow poisonous oily explosive liquid obtained by nitrating glycerol; used in making explosives and medically as a vasodilator (trade names Nitrospan and Nitrostat)

Translations

vasodilatateur

Vasodilator

enUK

vasodilator

[¦vā·zō′dī‚lād·ər] (physiology) A nerve or an agent that causes blood vessel dilation.

Vasodilator

one of a group of pharmacological agents that cause the smooth muscles of blood vessels to relax, which results in the widening of vascular lumens. Several groups of vasodilators are distinguished according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure.

Myotropic agents directly affect the muscular elements of the vascular wall, altering the metabolic processes and decreasing the tone of the elements. They include such purine derivatives as caffeine and theophylline, such isoquinoline derivatives as papaverine, drotaverine, salsoline, and such chromone derivatives as kellin.

Neurotropic agents exert a vasodilative effect through their influence on the neural regulation of vascular tone. They may have peripheral or central action. Those with peripheral action include adrenolytic agents, which block the adrenergic receptors of blood vessles (for example, phentolamine), and sympatholytics, which block the transmission of excitation from the endings of the sympathetic nerves that innervate blood vessels (for example, oktadin and ornid).

Other vasodilators include cholinomimetic and ganglion-blocking agents. The former, which include acetylcholine and carba-chol, facilitate the transmission of excitation from parasympathetic nerves to effector organs, including blood vessels. The latter, which include Tetamon (sympatektoman), Hexonium (esametina), and pentamin, impede the transmission of excitation in the sympathetic ganglia, resulting in a decrease in vascular tone. Derivatives of hydrazinophtalazine (for example, Apressin [Ap-resoline]), and of phenothiazine (for example, aminazine), affect the central regulation of vascular tone.

Some drugs have a mixed mechanism of action and may be centrally neurotropic and peripherally myotropic. These drugs include nitrites and nitrates (amyl nitrite, nitroglycerin, nitranol) and reserpine, which is an alkaloid isolated from the tropical plant rauwolfia. Reserpine weakens the central and peripheral adrenergic innervation of blood vessels, causing the vascular lumens to dilate and arterial pressure to decrease.

Vasodilators are used mainly in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disorders. They are also used in surgery to reduce bleeding (by lowering arterial pressure). Many vasodilators also have other pharmacological effects.

REFERENCES

Kaverina, N. V. Farmakologiia koronarnogo krovoobrashcheniia. Moscow, 1968.
Mashkovskii, M. D. Lekarslvennyesredstva, 7th ed., part 1. Moscow, 1972.
Hoobler, S. W., and A. S. Dontas. “Drug Treatment of Hypertension.” Pharmacological Reviews, 1953, vol. 5, no. 2.

V. V. ZAKUSOV

vasodilator

va·so·di·la·tor

vasodilator

vas•o•di•la•tor

Vasodilator

vasodilator

Vasodilator

REFERENCES

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Synonyms for vasodilator

noun a drug that causes dilation of blood vessels

Synonyms

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