| 释义 |
pessimism
pes·si·mism P0216200 (pĕs′ə-mĭz′əm)n.1. A tendency to stress the negative or unfavorable or to take the gloomiest possible view: "We have seen too much defeatism, too much pessimism, too much of a negative approach" (Margo Jones).2. The doctrine or belief that this is the worst of all possible worlds and that all things ultimately tend toward evil.3. The doctrine or belief that the evil in the world outweighs the good.
[French pessimisme (on the model of optimisme, optimism), from Latin pessimus, worst; see ped- in Indo-European roots.]
pes′si·mist n.pes′si·mis′tic adj.pes′si·mis′ti·cal·ly adv.pessimism (ˈpɛsɪˌmɪzəm) n1. the tendency to expect the worst and see the worst in all things2. (Philosophy) the doctrine of the ultimate triumph of evil over good3. (Philosophy) the doctrine that this world is corrupt and that man's sojourn in it is a preparation for some other existence[C18: from Latin pessimus worst, from malus bad] ˈpessimist n ˌpessiˈmistic, ˌpessiˈmistical adj ˌpessiˈmistically advpes•si•mism (ˈpɛs əˌmɪz əm)
n. 1. the tendency to see only what is disadvantageous or gloomy or to anticipate the worst outcome. 2. the doctrine that the existing world is the worst of all possible worlds or that all things naturally tend toward evil. 3. the belief that the evil and pain in the world outweigh any goodness or happiness. [1785–95; < Latin pessim(us), superlative of malus bad + -ism; modeled on optimism] pes`si•mis′tic, adj. pes`si•mis′ti•cal•ly, adv. pessimism1. the doctrine that all things naturally tend to evil.
2. the doctrine that this is the worst of all possible worlds. Cf. Leibnizianism.
3. the doctrine that the evil and pain in the world outweigh goodness and happiness, and that the world is basically evil. Cf. meliorism, optimism. — pessimist, n. — pessimistic, adj.See also: Philosophy
a depressed and melancholy viewpoint manifested as a disposition to hold the least hopeful opinion of conditions or behavior. See also philosophy. — pessimist, n. — pessimistic, adj.See also: AttitudesThesaurus| Noun | 1. | pessimism - the feeling that things will turn out badlydespair - the feeling that everything is wrong and nothing will turn out well; "they moaned in despair and dismay"; "one harsh word would send her into the depths of despair"cynicism - a cynical feeling of distrustoptimism - the optimistic feeling that all is going to turn out well | | 2. | pessimism - a general disposition to look on the dark side and to expect the worst in all thingsdisposition, temperament - your usual mood; "he has a happy disposition"optimism - a general disposition to expect the best in all things |
pessimismnoun gloominess, depression, despair, gloom, cynicism, melancholy, hopelessness, despondency, dejection, glumness widespread pessimism about the country's political futurepessimismnounHEADWORD. The doctrine that this world is evil:malism.Translationspessimism (ˈpesimizəm) noun the state of mind of a person who always expects bad things to happen. 悲觀，悲觀主義 悲观，悲观主义 ˈpessimist noun a person who thinks in this way. He is such a pessimist that he always expects the worst. 悲觀主義者 悲观主义者ˌpessiˈmistic adjective 悲觀的 悲观的ˌpessiˈmistically adverb 悲觀地 悲观地
pessimism
pessimism, philosophical opinion or doctrine that evil predominates over good; the opposite of optimism. Systematic forms of pessimism may be found in philosophy and religion. In religion Buddhism and Hinduism pessimistically appraise the world, while Christianity's pessimism is more restricted. Numerous philosophers have been pessimistic, notably Arthur SchopenhauerSchopenhauer, Arthur
, 1788–1860, German philosopher, b. Danzig (now Gdansk). The bias of his own temperament and experience was germinal to the development of his celebrated philosophy of pessimism, which he presented with such clarity and skill as to gain eventual
..... Click the link for more information. in the 19th cent. and Martin HeideggerHeidegger, Martin
, 1889–1976, German philosopher. As a student at Freiburg, Heidegger was influenced by the neo-Kantianism of Heinrich Rickert and the phenomenology of Edmund Husserl.
..... Click the link for more information. in the 20th cent.PessimismSee also Cynicism, Skepticism.Calamity Jane (Martha Jane Canaryor Martha Burke, 1852–1903) frontierswoman; mannish prophetess of doom. [Am. Hist.: Flexner, 71]Cassandrano credence ever given to her truthful prophecies of doom. [Gk. Myth.: Zimmerman, 51]City of Dreadful Night, Theexpresses a passionate faith in pessimism as the only sensible philosophy. [Br. Poetry: James Thomson The City of Dreadful Night in Benét, 202]Gerontionold man who deplores aging, aridity, and spiritual decay and despairs of civilization. [Br. Poetry: Benét, 391]Gloomy Gusone with a pessimistic outlook on the world. [Am. Usage: Misc.]Heraclitus(535–475 B.C.) “Weeping Philosopher”; grieved over man’s folly. [Gk. Hist.: Brewer Dictionary, 1146]Micaiahalways prophesied misfortune for King Ahab. [O.T.: I Kings 22:8]Murphy’s Law “Ifanything can go wrong, it will.” [Am. Culture: Wallechinsky, 480]Schopenhauer, Arthur(1788–1860) German philosopher known for philosophy of pessimism. [Ger. Hist.: NCE, 2447]pessimism Philosophy, Religion1. the doctrine of the ultimate triumph of evil over good 2. the doctrine that this world is corrupt and that man's sojourn in it is a preparation for some other existence pessimism
pes·si·mism (pes'i-mizm), A tendency to see or anticipate the worst. [L. pessimus, worst, irreg. superl. of malus, bad] pessimism (pes-i-mi-zim) A frame of mind marked by loss of hope, confidence, or trust in a good outcome, even when such an outcome is likely. See: optimismtherapeutic pessimismNihilism (1).pessimism
Synonyms for pessimismnoun gloominessSynonyms- gloominess
- depression
- despair
- gloom
- cynicism
- melancholy
- hopelessness
- despondency
- dejection
- glumness
Synonyms for pessimismnoun the doctrine that this world is evilSynonymsAntonyms for pessimismnoun the feeling that things will turn out badlyRelated WordsAntonymsnoun a general disposition to look on the dark side and to expect the worst in all thingsRelated WordsAntonyms |