| 释义 |
abstain
ab·stain A0028400 (ăb-stān′, əb-)intr.v. ab·stained, ab·stain·ing, ab·stains 1. To keep oneself from doing, engaging in, or partaking of something; refrain: abstain from partisan political rhetoric; abstain from drinking alcohol.2. To refrain from voting: Forty senators voted in favor of the bill, 45 voted against it, and 15 abstained.
[Middle English absteinen, to avoid, from Old French abstenir, from Latin abstinēre, to hold back : abs-, ab-, away; see ab-1 + tenēre, to hold; see ten- in Indo-European roots.]
ab·stain′er n.abstain (əbˈsteɪn) vb1. to choose to refrain: he abstained from alcohol. 2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) to refrain from voting, esp in a committee, legislature, etc[C14: via Old French from Latin abstinēre, from abs- ab-1 + tenēre to hold, keep] abˈstainer nab•stain (æbˈsteɪn)
v.i. 1. to refrain voluntarily, esp. from something regarded as improper or unhealthy (usu. fol. by from): to abstain from eating meat. 2. to refrain from casting one's vote: Two delegates abstained. [1350–1400; Middle English < Middle French abstenir « Latin abstinēre=abs- abs- + -tinēre, comb. form of tenēre to hold, keep] ab•stain′er, n. abstain
Past participle: abstained
Gerund: abstaining
| Present |
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| I abstain | | you abstain | | he/she/it abstains | | we abstain | | you abstain | | they abstain |
| Preterite |
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| I abstained | | you abstained | | he/she/it abstained | | we abstained | | you abstained | | they abstained |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am abstaining | | you are abstaining | | he/she/it is abstaining | | we are abstaining | | you are abstaining | | they are abstaining |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have abstained | | you have abstained | | he/she/it has abstained | | we have abstained | | you have abstained | | they have abstained |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was abstaining | | you were abstaining | | he/she/it was abstaining | | we were abstaining | | you were abstaining | | they were abstaining |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had abstained | | you had abstained | | he/she/it had abstained | | we had abstained | | you had abstained | | they had abstained |
| Future |
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| I will abstain | | you will abstain | | he/she/it will abstain | | we will abstain | | you will abstain | | they will abstain |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have abstained | | you will have abstained | | he/she/it will have abstained | | we will have abstained | | you will have abstained | | they will have abstained |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be abstaining | | you will be abstaining | | he/she/it will be abstaining | | we will be abstaining | | you will be abstaining | | they will be abstaining |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been abstaining | | you have been abstaining | | he/she/it has been abstaining | | we have been abstaining | | you have been abstaining | | they have been abstaining |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been abstaining | | you will have been abstaining | | he/she/it will have been abstaining | | we will have been abstaining | | you will have been abstaining | | they will have been abstaining |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been abstaining | | you had been abstaining | | he/she/it had been abstaining | | we had been abstaining | | you had been abstaining | | they had been abstaining |
| Conditional |
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| I would abstain | | you would abstain | | he/she/it would abstain | | we would abstain | | you would abstain | | they would abstain |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have abstained | | you would have abstained | | he/she/it would have abstained | | we would have abstained | | you would have abstained | | they would have abstained |
Thesaurus| Verb | 1. | abstain - refrain from votingrefrain, forbear - resist doing something; "He refrained from hitting him back"; "she could not forbear weeping" | | 2. |  abstain - choose not to consume; "I abstain from alcohol"desist, refrainfast - abstain from eating; "Before the medical exam, you must fast"fast - abstain from certain foods, as for religious or medical reasons; "Catholics sometimes fast during Lent"keep off, avoid - refrain from certain foods or beverages; "I keep off drugs"; "During Ramadan, Muslims avoid tobacco during the day"teetotal - practice teetotalism and abstain from the consumption of alcoholic beveragesingest, consume, have, take in, take - serve oneself to, or consume regularly; "Have another bowl of chicken soup!"; "I don't take sugar in my coffee" |
abstainverbTo hold oneself back:forbear, hold off, keep, refrain, withhold.Translationsabstain (əbˈstein) verb (often with from) not to do, take etc. He abstained (from voting in the election); He abstained from alcohol. 放棄，戒除 戒除，弃权 abˈstention (-ˈsten-) noun the act of abstaining. At the election of the new chairman the voting was six for, three against, and two abstentions. 棄權 弃权abstain
abstain fromTo refrain from consuming something or doing some activity. Katie wants to lose weight, so she has vowed to abstain from sugar.See also: abstainabstain from votingTo refrain from casting a vote for someone or something. Many argue that citizens who abstain from voting put the democratic process in jeopardy. Because I didn't like either candidate, I decided to abstain from voting for the first time in my life.See also: abstain, voteabstain from somethingto avoid some activity or the use of some substance, such as alcohol, drugs, sex, or food. They abstained from hard liquor and any other kind of intoxicants.See also: abstainabstain from votingto choose not to vote either for or against a proposition or nominee. I will have to abstain from voting since I cannot make up my mind.See also: abstain, voteabstain fromv. To have made a deliberate choice not to do something: I abstained from eating fatty foods when I was on my diet. The minister abstained from drinking alcohol.See also: abstainEncyclopediaSeeabstentionAcronymsSeeAbstabstain
Synonyms for abstainverb to hold oneself backSynonyms- forbear
- hold off
- keep
- refrain
- withhold
Synonyms for abstainverb refrain from votingRelated Wordsverb choose not to consumeSynonymsRelated Words- fast
- keep off
- avoid
- teetotal
Antonyms- ingest
- consume
- have
- take in
- take
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