absolute risk


absolute risk

Probability that a specified event will occur in a specified population, in contrast to the relative risk of the event.

Absolute Risk

The observed or calculated probability of the occurrence of an event, X—e.g., toxic exposure, infection, etc.—in a population relative to its exposure to a specific hazard or pathogen. Absolute risk is risk stated without any context whatsoever.
Example 172,570 people in America were diagnosed with lung cancer in 2005, a year in which there were approximately 290,000,000 Americans, yielding an absolute risk of 1:1,680 of being diagnosed with lung cancer. Adding context—e.g., age, smoking history, industrial exposure, etc.—is used to define a person’s relative risk of suffering a particular condition.

absolute risk

Epidemiology The observed or calculated probability of occurrence of an event, X, in a population related to exposure to a specific hazard, infection, trauma; the number of persons suffering from a disease when the exposed population is known with certainty. Cf Relative risk.