penicillin V potassium
Noun | 1. | penicillin V potassium - a form of penicillin V (trade name Ledercillin VK) |
单词 | penicillin v potassium | |||
释义 | penicillin V potassium
penicillin V potassiumpenicillin V potassiumPharmacologic class: Penicillin Therapeutic class: Anti-infective Pregnancy risk category B ActionInhibits biosynthesis of cell-wall mucopeptide; bactericidal against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms during active multiplication stage AvailabilityOral solution: 200,000 units (125 mg)/5 ml, 400,000 units (250 mg)/5 ml Tablets: 400,000 units (250 mg), 800,000 units (500 mg) Indications and dosages➣ Upper respiratory streptococcal infections, including scarlet fever and mild erysipelas Adults and children ages 12 and older: 125 to 250 mg P.O. q 6 to 8 hours for 10 days Children younger than age 12: 25 to 50 mg/kg/day P.O. in divided doses q 6 hours for 10 days ➣ Pneumococcal respiratory infections, including otitis media Adults and children ages 12 and older: 250 to 500 mg P.O. q 6 hours until afebrile for at least 2 days ➣ Skin and soft-tissue staphylococcal infections; fusospirochetosis (Vincent's infection) of oropharynx Adults and children ages 12 and older: 250 to 500 mg P.O. q 6 to 8 hours ➣ To prevent recurrence of rheumatic fever or chorea Adults and children ages 12 and older: 125 to 250 mg P.O. b.i.d. on a continuing basis Off-label uses• Prophylaxis of Streptococcus pneumoniae septicemia in children with sickle cell anemia or splenectomy • Early Lyme disease • Actinomycosis • Preexposure prophylaxis of anthrax • Prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis for dental procedures Contraindications• Hypersensitivity to penicillins or beta-lactamase inhibitors (piperacillin/tazobactam) PrecautionsUse cautiously in: • severe renal insufficiency • pregnant or breastfeeding patients. Administration• Before giving, ask patient about allergies to penicillin, beta-lactamase inhibitors, or benzathine. Know that cross-sensitivity to imipenem and cephalosporins may occur. See Keep epinephrine and emergency equipment at hand in case anaphylaxis occurs. • Give with water 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Don't give with fruit juice or carbonated beverages. ![]() Adverse reactionsCNS: lethargy, hallucinations, anxiety, depression, twitching, seizures, coma GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric distress, abdominal pain, colitis, blood in stool, glossitis, pseudomembranous colitis GU: interstitial nephritis Hematologic: anemia, hemolytic anemia, increased bleeding, leukopenia, granulocytopenia, bone marrow depression, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura Metabolic: hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, metabolic alkalosis Skin: rash, urticaria Other: fever, superinfection, anaphylaxis, serum sickness InteractionsDrug-drug. Aspirin, probenecid: increased penicillin blood level Erythromycins, tetracyclines: decreased antimicrobial activity of penicillin Hormonal contraceptives: decreased contraceptive efficacy Drug-diagnostic tests. Alanine aminotransferase, eosinophils, granulocytes, hemoglobin, platelets: increased levels Albumin, lymphocytes, protein, sodium, uric acid, white blood cells: decreased levels Direct Coombs' test: positive result Potassium: increased or decreased level Urine glucose, urine protein: false-positive results Drug-herbs. Khat: delayed and reduced penicillin absorption Patient monitoringSee Watch for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis and serum sickness. • In long-term therapy, monitor electrolyte levels and CBC with white cell differential; watch for electrolyte imbalances and blood dyscrasias. • Assess neurologic status, especially for seizures and decreasing level of consciousness. See Monitor patient closely for signs and symptoms of superinfection and pseudomembranous colitis. Patient teaching• Instruct patient to take with water 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Tell him not to take with fruit juice or carbonated beverages. See Teach patient to recognize anaphylaxis symptoms. Tell him to immediately contact emergency medical services if these occur. • Instruct patient to report signs and symptoms of superinfection. • Advise patient to contact prescriber if infection symptoms get worse. See Tell patient drug may cause diarrhea. Instruct him to immediately report severe, persistent diarrhea and fever. • Instruct patient to complete entire course of therapy as prescribed, even after symptoms improve. • Tell female patient drug may make hormonal contraceptives ineffective. Advise her to use barrier birth-control method if she wishes to avoid pregnancy. • As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the drugs, tests, and herbs mentioned above. penicillin V potassiumpenicillin V potassium
Synonyms for penicillin V potassium
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