PEM

Abbreviation for protein energy malnutrition.

encephalomyelitis

(en-sef?a-lo-mi?e-lit'is) [ encephalo- + myelitis] Encephalitis accompanied by infection and inflammation of the spinal cord. It may follow a viral infection or, in rare instances, a vaccination with a live, weakened virus.

acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

An uncommon demyelinating, inflammatory brain disease that may occur after some viral infections or some vaccinations. Synonym: postinfectious encephalomyelitis

benign myalgic encephalomyelitis

An epidemic disease of unknown cause marked by influenza-like symptoms, severe pain, and muscular weakness. Synonym: Iceland disease

herpesvirus simian encephalomyelitis

A severe, almost always fatal encephalomyelitis caused by the herpesvirus simiae (also called B virus). It occurs among veterinarians, laboratory workers, and others who come in contact with infected monkeys.

equine encephalomyelitis

A viral disease of horses that may be communicated to humans. It includes eastern and western equine encephalitis.

paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis

Abbreviation: PEM
An inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that occurs in the setting of a cancer found in another part of the body and probably results from the remote effects of some antigen or hormone released by the tumor.

postinfectious encephalomyelitis

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.

postvaccinal encephalomyelitis

Encephalomyelitis following smallpox vaccination.

paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis

malnutrition

(mal?noo-tri'shon) [ mal- + nutrition] Any disease-promoting condition due to either an inadequate or an excessive exposure to nutrients, i.e., undernutrition or overnutrition. Common causes of malnutrition are inadequate calorie consumption; inadequate intake of essential vitamins, minerals, or other micronutrients; improper absorption and distribution of foods within the body; overeating; and intoxication by nutrient excesses. See: table; and names of specific nutritional disorders, e.g., obesity, pellegra, scurvy.

Worldwide, malnutrition is a disease that results typically from inadequate consumption of foods, esp. proteins, iron, and vitamins. In industrialized nations, overnutrition is more common than undernutrition. In the U.S., 50% of the population is considered to be overweight, and 22% have a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m² and are obese. Undernutrition in Western nations typically results from poverty, alcoholism, chronic illnesses, or extreme dieting.

protein-calorie malnutrition

Protein-energy malnutrition.

protein-energy malnutrition

Abbreviation: PEM
Malnutrition due to inadequate intake of calories or protein, or both. It usually is seen in children under 5 or in patients undergoing the stress of a major illness. In the critically ill patient, hypoalbuminemia results from the depletion of stored protein and/or hepatic dysfunction. It may increase a patient's vulnerability to the toxicities of drugs, skin breakdown, infections, gastrointestinal ulcerations, and other illnesses. Synonym: protein-calorie malnutrition See: kwashiorkor

Symptoms

Symptoms of PEM include generalized muscle wasting and weakness. In the elderly, these symptoms are sometimes incorrectly attributed to advanced age, and as a result, PEM is underdiagnosed.

SOURCE: Committee on Medical Nutrition, National Research Council, with permission.

Infants and Children	Adolescents and Adults
Lack of subcutaneous fat	Red, swollen lingual papillae
Wrinkling of skin on light stroking	Glossitis
Poor muscle tone	Papillary atrophy of tongue
Pallor	Stomatitis
Rough skin (toad skin)	Spongy, bleeding gums
Hemorrhage of newborn, vitamin K deficiency	Muscle tenderness in extremities
Bad posture	Poor muscle tone
Nasal area is red and greasy	Loss of vibratory sensation
Sores at angles of mouth, cheilosis	Increase or decrease of tendon reflexes
Rapid heartbeat	Hyperesthesia of skin
Red tongue	Purpura
Square head, wrists enlarged, rib beading	Dermatitis: facial butterfly, perineal, scrotal, vulval
Vincent's angina, thrush	Thickening and pigmentation of skin over bony prominences
Serious dental abnormalities	Nonspecific vaginitis
Corneal and conjunctival changes	Follicular hyperkeratosis of extensor surfaces of extremities
Adolescents and Adults	Rachitic chest deformity
Nasolabial sebaceous plugs	Anemia not responding to iron
Sores at angles of mouth, cheilosis	Fatigue of visual accommodation
Vincent's angina	Vascularization of cornea
Minimal changes in tongue color or texture	Conjunctival changes

protein-energy malnutrition

Symptoms

Symptoms of PEM include generalized muscle wasting and weakness. In the elderly, these symptoms are sometimes incorrectly attributed to advanced age, and as a result, PEM is underdiagnosed.

PEM

Acronym	Definition
PEM➣Pediatric Emergency Medicine
PEM➣Proton Exchange Membrane
PEM➣Peabody Essex Museum
PEM➣Plant Engineering and Maintenance (Canadian publications)
PEM➣Polymer Electrolyte Membrane
PEM➣Project Engineering Manager
PEM➣Protein Energy Malnutrition
PEM➣Privacy-Enhanced Mail (key encryption services for email)
PEM➣Practical Environmental Management (various organizations)
PEM➣Post-Exertional Malaise (myalgic encephalomyelitis)
PEM➣Physics, Engineering, Mathematics (Texas A&M University)
PEM➣Palustrine Emergent (wetlands)
PEM➣Performance Evaluation Model
PEM➣Plainview-Elgin-Millville (Minnesota)
PEM➣Punctuated Equilibrium Model (organizational model)
PEM➣Patrol Enterprise Manager
PEM➣Programming Environments Manual
PEM➣Privacy Enhanced Mail
PEM➣Program Editor Macro
PEM➣Plesk Enterprise Manager
PEM➣Partner Enablement Management
PEM➣Peters Elworthy & Moore (accounting firm; UK)
PEM➣Professional Emergency Manager (various locations)
PEM➣Power Entry Module
PEM➣Public Expenditure Management
PEM➣Prefesorado en Enseñanza Media (Spanish: Professor in Secondary Education; Guatemala)
PEM➣Plastic Encapsulated Microcircuit (also seen as PEMs)
PEM➣Parallel External Memory (computing)
PEM➣Polioencephalomalacia
PEM➣Profesorado en Educación Media (Spanish: Teachers in Media Education)
PEM➣Pearson Educational Measurement
PEM➣Power Electronics Module
PEM➣Power Equipment Maintenance (Piedmont, SC)
PEM➣Pacific Exploratory Mission (NCAR Atmospheric Chemistry Division)
PEM➣Program Evaluation Model (various organizations)
PEM➣Professional Engineering Manager (certification; various organizations)
PEM➣Polymorphic Epithelial Mucin
PEM➣Particle Environment Monitor
PEM➣Passive Entry Module (automotive technology)
PEM➣Public Enquiry Manager (software)
PEM➣Program Element Monitor
PEM➣Port Expansion Module
PEM➣Production Efficiency Model
PEM➣Parents Enfants Médiation (French: Parents Children Mediation; est. 1989)
PEM➣Penn Engineering & Manufacturing Corp.
PEM➣Photoelectromagnetic
PEM➣Production Events Module (software)
PEM➣Pre-Examination Meeting (UK)
PEM➣Parabolic Equation Method
PEM➣Project Extra Mile (Nebraska)
PEM➣Photoelectron Microscopy
PEM➣Personal Environmental Module
PEM➣Public Ethernet Manager
PEM➣Packaged Equipment Module
PEM➣Program Element Manager
PEM➣Project Execution Model
PEM➣Plesk Enterprise Manager (Plesk)
PEM➣Project Element Manager
PEM➣Properties, Events, Methods (object-oriented programming)
PEM➣Partial Equilibrium Multimarket Model
PEM➣Program Engineering Manager
PEM➣Personal Exposure Model
PEM➣Production Engineering Measure
PEM➣Process Execution Module
PEM➣Policy Enforcement Manager
PEM➣Program Execution Manager
PEM➣Project Engineering Metrics
PEM➣Power Engineering & Manufacturing (Waterloo, IA)
PEM➣Processor Enhancement Module
PEM➣Partial Environment Monitor
PEM➣Payload Ejection Mechanism
PEM➣Phased Equipment Modernization
PEM➣Pan-Euro-Med Regional Convention
PEM➣Pressure Equalizing Module
PEM➣Physical Education Management
PEM➣Physics Environment Monitoring
PEM➣Pontiac Enthusiast Magazine
PEM➣Psychological & Educational Measure
PEM➣Professional Energy Manager (job title)
PEM➣Programme Engrais Malagasy (Malagasy Fertilizer Program)
PEM➣Power & Environment Monitor
PEM➣Performance-Enhancing Module
PEM➣Preliminary Engineering Model
PEM➣Performance Evaluation Meeting
PEM➣Program Endorsement Memorandum
PEM➣Potentially Explosive Material
PEM➣Position Entry Module