standard instrument departure

standard instrument departure (SID)

Turning departure—turning at a fix.A designated IFR departure route linking the aerodrome or a specified runway of the aerodrome with a specified significant point, normally on a designated ATS route, at which the en-route phase of flight commences (ICAO). A standard IFR (instrument flight rules) departure route enabling air traffic controllers to issue abbreviated clearances and thus speed the flow of traffic. The procedure is printed for pilot use in graphic and/or text form. SIDs provide a transition from the terminal to the appropriate en route structure. A SID is normally developed to accommodate as many aircraft categories as possible. Departures limited to a specific aircraft category are clearly annotated. The SID terminates at the first fix, facility, or waypoint of the en route phase following the departure procedure. There are two basic types of departure routes: straight and turning. Departure routes are based on track guidance acquired within 12 miles (20 km) from the departure end of the runway (DER) on straight departures and within 6 miles (10 km) after completion of turns on departures requiring turns. The design of instrument departure routes and associated obstacle clearance criteria are based on the definition of tracks to be followed by the airplane. When flying the published track, the pilot is expected to correct for known wind to remain within the protected airspace. ATS stands for air traffic services.