| 释义 |
summer
sum·mer 1 S0880600 (sŭm′ər)n.1. a. In the Northern Hemisphere, the usually warmest season of the year, occurring between spring and autumn and constituting June, July, and August. In the Southern Hemisphere, it constitutes December, January, and February.b. The season extending from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox.2. A period of fruition, fulfillment, happiness, or beauty.3. A year: a girl of 13 summers.v. sum·mered, sum·mer·ing, sum·mers v.tr. To lodge or keep during the summer: summered the herd in the south meadow.v.intr. To pass the summer: They summered at a beach resort.adj.1. Relating to or occurring in summer: summer heat; summer attire.2. Grown during the season of summer: summer crops.
[Middle English sumer, from Old English sumor; see sem- in Indo-European roots.]
sum′mer·ly adv. & adj.
sum·mer 2 S0880600 (sŭm′ər)n.1. A heavy horizontal timber that serves as a supporting beam, especially for the floor above.2. A lintel.3. A large, heavy stone usually set on the top of a column or pilaster to support an arch or lintel.
[Middle English, beam, pack animal, from Anglo-Norman sumer, from Vulgar Latin *saumārius, from Late Latin sagmārius, pertaining to a packsaddle, packhorse, from sagma, packsaddle; see sumpter.]summer (ˈsʌmə) n1. (Physical Geography) (sometimes capital) a. the warmest season of the year, between spring and autumn, astronomically from the June solstice to the September equinox in the N hemisphere and at the opposite time of year in the S hemisphereb. (as modifier): summer flowers; a summer dress. aestival2. (Physical Geography) the period of hot weather associated with the summer3. a time of blossoming, greatest happiness, etc4. chiefly poetic a year represented by this season: a child of nine summers. vb5. (intr) to spend the summer (at a place)6. (Agriculture) (tr) to keep or feed (farm animals) during the summer: they summered their cattle on the mountain slopes. [Old English sumor; related to Old Frisian sumur, Old Norse sumar, Old High German sumar, Sanskrit samā season] ˈsummerless adj ˈsummer-ˌlike adj ˈsummerly adj, adv ˈsummery adj ˈsummeriness n
summer (ˈsʌmə) n1. (Architecture) Also called: summer tree a large horizontal beam or girder, esp one that supports floor joists2. (Architecture) another name for lintel3. (Architecture) a stone on the top of a column, pier, or wall that supports an arch or lintel[C14: from Anglo-Norman somer, from Old French somier beam, packhorse, from Late Latin sagmārius (equus) pack(horse), from sagma a packsaddle, from Greek]sum•mer1 (ˈsʌm ər)
n. 1. the warm season between spring and autumn, in the Northern Hemisphere from the June solstice to the September equinox, and in the Southern Hemisphere from the December solstice to the March equinox. 2. hot, usu. sunny weather. 3. the hotter half of the year (opposed to winter). 4. the period of greatest development, perfection, beauty, etc.: the summer of life. 5. a year: a girl of fifteen summers. adj. 6. of or characteristic of summer. 7. suitable for or done during the summer: summer sports. v.i. 8. to spend or pass the summer. v.t. 9. to keep, feed, or manage during the summer: to summer sheep in high pastures. [before 900; Middle English sumer, Old English sumor, c. Old Frisian sumur, Old Saxon, Old High German, Old Norse sumar; akin to Skt samā half-year, year, Old Irish sam-, Welsh haf summer] sum′mer•less, adj. sum′mer•like, sum′mer•ly, adj. sum•mer2 (ˈsʌm ər)
n. 1. a principal beam or girder, as one used to support joists. 2. a stone laid upon a pier, column, or wall, from which one or more arches spring. 3. a beam or lintel. [1275–1325; Middle English somer < Anglo-French; Old French somier packhorse, beam] sum·mer (sŭm′ər) The usually warmest season of the year, occurring between spring and autumn. In the Northern Hemisphere, it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox.summerSummer is the season between spring and autumn. If you want to say that something happens every year during this season, you say that it happens in summer or in the summer. The room is stifling hot in summer and freezing in winter.The town is full of tourists in the summer.Be Careful!
Don't say that something happens 'in the summers' or 'in summers'. summer
Past participle: summered
Gerund: summering
| Present |
|---|
| I summer | | you summer | | he/she/it summers | | we summer | | you summer | | they summer |
| Preterite |
|---|
| I summered | | you summered | | he/she/it summered | | we summered | | you summered | | they summered |
| Present Continuous |
|---|
| I am summering | | you are summering | | he/she/it is summering | | we are summering | | you are summering | | they are summering |
| Present Perfect |
|---|
| I have summered | | you have summered | | he/she/it has summered | | we have summered | | you have summered | | they have summered |
| Past Continuous |
|---|
| I was summering | | you were summering | | he/she/it was summering | | we were summering | | you were summering | | they were summering |
| Past Perfect |
|---|
| I had summered | | you had summered | | he/she/it had summered | | we had summered | | you had summered | | they had summered |
| Future |
|---|
| I will summer | | you will summer | | he/she/it will summer | | we will summer | | you will summer | | they will summer |
| Future Perfect |
|---|
| I will have summered | | you will have summered | | he/she/it will have summered | | we will have summered | | you will have summered | | they will have summered |
| Future Continuous |
|---|
| I will be summering | | you will be summering | | he/she/it will be summering | | we will be summering | | you will be summering | | they will be summering |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I have been summering | | you have been summering | | he/she/it has been summering | | we have been summering | | you have been summering | | they have been summering |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I will have been summering | | you will have been summering | | he/she/it will have been summering | | we will have been summering | | you will have been summering | | they will have been summering |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
|---|
| I had been summering | | you had been summering | | he/she/it had been summering | | we had been summering | | you had been summering | | they had been summering |
| Conditional |
|---|
| I would summer | | you would summer | | he/she/it would summer | | we would summer | | you would summer | | they would summer |
| Past Conditional |
|---|
| I would have summered | | you would have summered | | he/she/it would have summered | | we would have summered | | you would have summered | | they would have summered |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  summer - the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox; "they spent a lazy summer at the shore"summertimeJune 21, midsummer, summer solstice - June 21, when the sun is at its northernmost pointtime of year, season - one of the natural periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices or atmospheric conditions; "the regular sequence of the seasons"canicular days, canicule, dog days - the hot period between early July and early September; a period of inactivity | | 2. | summer - the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty; "the golden summer of his life"figure of speech, trope, image, figure - language used in a figurative or nonliteral sensetime of life - a period of time during which a person is normally in a particular life state | | Verb | 1. | summer - spend the summer; "We summered in Kashmir"spend, pass - pass time in a specific way; "how are you spending your summer vacation?" |
summer nounRelated words
adjective aestival or estivalsummernounThe season occurring between spring and autumn:summertime.Translationssummer (ˈsamə) noun the warmest season of the year. I went to Italy last summer; (also adjective) summer holidays. 夏天 夏天ˈsummery adjective like, or appropriate for, summer. summery weather; summery clothes. (適於)夏季的 （适于）夏季的 ˈsummer camp noun a place where children go during the summer vacation to take part in activities such as camping and sport. 夏令營 夏令营ˈsummerhouse noun a small building for sitting in, in a garden. 涼亭 凉亭ˈsummertime noun the season of summer. 夏季 夏季- In summer → 夏天
- Before summer → 夏天之前
- During the summer → 夏季内
- After summer → 夏天之后
summer
summer and winterTo monitor one's behavior or abilities for a sufficiently long period of time. Oh yes, I will summer and winter him during this probationary period, to determine if we should hire him full-time.See also: and, summer, winterIndian summer1. A period of unseasonably warm weather in early fall. I know it's September, but don't get out your winter clothes just yet—this area often has an Indian summer. I hate the cold weather, so I'm hoping for an Indian summer.2. A particularly peaceful, successful, or enjoyable time as something nears its end. As her illness worsened, my grandmother still enjoyed painting, so I think she had an Indian summer before her death. I wonder if people sensed that they were in an Indian summer just before the Great Depression.See also: Indian, summerone swallow does not make a summerOne piece of evidence does not mean that something is definitely the case or is going to happen. A reference to the migration of swallows that happens in the spring or early summer. A lot of things went right for us this year, but one swallow does not make a summer—we still have a long ways to go before our finances are back in order. A: "I'm really worried the boss is going to fire me. He said he really wasn't happy with my work lately!" B: "Calm down, one swallow doesn't make a summer."See also: does, make, not, one, summer, swallowone swallow does not a summer makeOne piece of evidence does not mean that something is definitely the case or is going to happen. A reference to the migration of swallows that happens in the spring or early summer. A lot of things went right for us this year, but one swallow does not a summer make—we still have a long ways to go before our finances are back in order. A: "I'm really worried the boss is going to fire me. He said he really wasn't happy with my work lately!" B: "Calm down, one swallow does not a summer make."See also: does, make, not, one, summer, swallowsummer complaint(s)obsolete A euphemism for any severe gastrointestinal infection, especially food poisoning or cholera, typically contracted by children in the summertime. Mary has a bit of the summer complaint, so she has taken to bed for the rest of the week. Before personal hygiene and food safety practices became commonplace, children became ill and died from what adults rather flippantly called summer complaints.See also: summerOne swallow does not make a summer, and One swallow does not a summer make.Prov. You should not assume that something is true just because you have seen one piece of evidence for it. Amanda: I got a good grade on this quiz! My troubles in school are over. Nancy: One swallow does not a summer make.See also: does, make, not, one, summer, swallowIndian summerA period of mild, sunny weather occurring in late autumn, usually following a seasonable cold spell. For example, We had two whole days of Indian summer this year, and then it turned cold again. [Late 1700s] See also: Indian, summeran Indian summer mainly BRITISHAn Indian summer is a period of great success late in someone's life or career, often after a period of not being successful. Despite an unexpected Indian Summer, they never really lived up to their initial promise. Note: An Indian summer is a period of unusually warm sunny weather during the autumn. See also: Indian, summerone swallow doesn't make a summer You say one swallow doesn't make a summer to mean that although something good has happened, the situation may not continue to be good, and you cannot rely on it. Sales in December were up about 1 percent, which of course, is good news. One swallow, however, doesn't make a summer and it remains to be seen whether they can maintain this growth in the difficult months ahead. Note: People often use the more literary phrase one swallow does not a summer make. One swallow does not a summer make, but a visit to the Hotel Metropole in Ipswich goes a long way to improving that city's reputation. Note: Swallows are a type of bird. The reference here is to the arrival of swallows in Europe at the beginning of summer, after spending the winter further south. See also: make, one, summer, swallowIndian summer 1 a period of dry, warm weather occurring in late autumn. 2 a tranquil or productive period in someone's later years. 2 1930 Vita Sackville-West The Edwardians Meanwhile she was quite content that Sebastian should become tanned in the rays of Sylvia's Indian summer. See also: Indian, summerone swallow doesn't make a summer a single fortunate event does not mean that what follows will also be good. proverb 1998 Spectator One swallow doesn't make a summer…nor one instance of police dereliction of duty, incompetence, laziness and stupidity a complete breakdown in law and order. See also: make, one, summer, swallowan ˌIndian ˈsummer
1 a period of unusually dry, warm weather in the autumn: We had a splendid Indian summer last October.
2 a period of success or happiness near the end of somebody’s life: He made his best movies in his seventies; it was for him a real Indian summer.See also: Indian, summerone ˌswallow doesn’t make a ˈsummer (saying) you must not take too seriously a small sign that something is happening or will happen in the future: ‘We got a big order from Sweden this morning. Things are getting better.’ ‘One swallow doesn’t make a summer, you know. Don’t be too optimistic.’This expression refers to the fact that swallows (= small birds with a tail with two points) spend the winter in Africa but fly to northern countries for the summer.See also: make, one, summer, swallowsummer complaint n. diarrhea, especially that experienced in the summer. I’ve got a touch of the summer complaint. See also: complaint, summerone swallow does not make a summerA single portent or element of something does not mean the totality is here. This ancient adage, known already in Greek times, may come from one of Aesop’s fables. A swallow emerges on a warmer-than-usual winter day, and a young man, seeing it, sells his warm cloak and spends the proceeds on drink and carousing. The following week, the weather turns cold again, and he, shivering without his cloak, discovers that one swallow did not mean summer had arrived. Appearing in many proverb collections and in numerous languages, along with numerous variants (One grain does not fill a sack, one actor cannot make a play, and the like), the term was defined by George Pettie in 1576: “As one swallow does not make sommer, so one particularity concludeth no generality.”See also: does, make, not, one, summer, swallowsummer
summer11. a. the warmest season of the year, between spring and autumn, astronomically from the June solstice to the September equinox in the N hemisphere and at the opposite time of year in the S hemisphere b. (as modifier): summer flowers 2. the period of hot weather associated with the summer
summer21. a large horizontal beam or girder, esp one that supports floor joists 2. another name for lintel3. a stone on the top of a column, pier, or wall that supports an arch or lintel summer[′səm·ər] (astronomy) The period from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox; popularly and for most meteorological purposes, it is taken to include June through August in the Northern Hemisphere, and December through February in the Southern Hemisphere. springer, skewback, summer  springer, 1: S 1. The impost or place where the vertical support for an arch
summer  summer, 4: S 1. A horizontal beam supporting the ends of floor joists or resting on posts and supporting the wall above; also called a summertree.2. Any large timber or beam which serves as a bearing surface. 3. The lintel of a door or window; a breastsummer.4. A stone laid on a column and serving as a support for construction above, as in the construction of an arch.SummerAestaspersonification of summer; portrayed as youthful and sprightly. [Rom. Myth.: LLEI, I: 322]Ceresgoddess of the season. [Rom. Myth.: Hall, 130]cricketsymbol of summer; weather prognosticator. [Insect Symbolism: Jobes, 382]naked girl with fruitpersonification of summer. [Art: Hall, 130]sickle and sheaf of cornrepresentational of the season. [Art: Hall, 129]SUMMERString manipulation and pattern matching language by Klint &Sint at CWI in the late 1970s. It was recently used as theinput and implementation language for the Dataflow Compiler Project at CWI.
["An Overview of the SUMMER Programming Language", Paul Klint,7th POPL, ACM 1980, pp. 47-55].summer
Synonyms for summernoun the season occurring between spring and autumnSynonymsSynonyms for summernoun the warmest season of the yearSynonymsRelated Words- June 21
- midsummer
- summer solstice
- time of year
- season
- canicular days
- canicule
- dog days
noun the period of finest development, happiness, or beautyRelated Words- figure of speech
- trope
- image
- figure
- time of life
verb spend the summerRelated Words |