Pedagogical Institutes in the USSR

a basic type of higher educational institution which trains secondary-school teachers of general-education subjects in mass schools and in secondary specialized and vocational educational institutions and secondary-school teachers of specialized subjects in pedagogical schools. Pedagogical institutes in the USSR also train preschool and special education teachers.

In 1974, the 199 pedagogical institutes in the USSR included 11 institutes specializing in foreign languages; the Uzbek Republic Institute of Russian Language and Literature, founded in Tashkent in 1963; and the Karaganda Institute of Physical Education, founded in 1970. Pedagogical institutes are under the jurisdiction of the ministeries of education or of public education of the Union republics. Other pedagogical institutes in the USSR are higher educational institutions within the system of the ministries of culture. They include the Gnesin (in Moscow), Rostov-on-Don, and Donetsk musical pedagogical institutes; the Chimkent Pedagogical Institute of Culture; and the Far Eastern (Vladivostok) Pedagogical Arts Institute.

All the Union republics have pedagogical institutes, with 94 in the RSFSR, 30 in the Ukrainian SSR, 19 in the Kazakh SSR, 16 in the Uzbek SSR, seven in the Byelorussian SSR, eight in the Georgian SSR, six in the Azerbaijan SSR, four in the Armenian SSR, three each in the Kirghiz, Tadzhik, and Moldavian SSR’s, two each in the Latvian and Lithuanian SSR’s, and one each in the Turkmen and Estonian SSR’s. In 1974 pedagogical institutes had an enrollment of approximately 786,000 students, including 398,000 in the daytime divisions; 158,800 persons were accepted at the first-course level, and 140,000 teachers were graduated.

Graduate study is offered at 71 pedagogical institutes, which in 1973 had an enrollment of about 4,000 graduate students. Pedagogical institutes conferring doctoral and candidate’s degrees are the Abai Kazakh (founded in 1928, in Alma-Ata), A. M. Gorky Kiev (1920), A. I. Herzen Order of the Red Banner of Labor Leningrad (1918), V. I. Lenin Order of Lenin and Order of the Red Banner of Labor Moscow (1872), N. K. Krupskaia (1931, Moscow), and Maurice Thorez Foreign Language (1930, Moscow). Pedagogical institutes conferring candidate’s degrees include the V. I. Lenin Order of the Red Banner of Labor Azerbaijan (1921, Baku), Kh. Abovian Order of the Red Banner of Labor Armenian (1922, Yerevan), A. S. Serafimovich Volgograd (1931), Kazan (1918), Kiev Foreign Language (1948), Krasnoiarsk (1932), V. V. Kuibyshev in Kuibyshev (1929), A. M. Gorky Minsk (1931), Foreign Languages Minsk (1948), Novosibirsk (1935), A. S. Pushkin Tbilisi (1935), and K. D. Ushinskii Order of the Red Banner of Labor Yaroslavl (1918).

As of Jan. 1, 1974, other pedagogical institutes in the USSR were the Abakan (founded 1944), Adygei (1952, Maikop), Mirza Fatali Akhundov Azerbaijan Russian Language (1952, Baku), 50th Anniversary of the USSR Azerbaijan Foreign Language (1973, Baku), Aktiubinsk (1966) Alma-Ata Foreign Language (1940), Angren (1967), Andizhan Language (1966), 30th Anniversary of the Komsomol Andizhan (1931), A. P. Gaidar Arzamas (1952), Arkalyk (1972), Armavir (1954), M. V. Lomonosov Arkhangel’sk (1932), S. M. Kirov Astrakhan (1932), Balashov (1952), Barnaul (1933), Shota Rustaveli Batumi (1945), Bashkir (1967, Ufa), M. S. Ol’minskii Belgorod (1957), A. Russo Bel’tsy (1953), P. D. Osipenko Berdiansk (1953), Biisk (1953), Birsk (1952), M. I. Kalinin Blagoveshchensk (1930), Borisoglebsk (1952), A. S. Pushkin Brest (1950), Dorzhi Banzarov Buriat (1932, Ulan-Ude), Sergo Ord-zhonikidze Bukhara (1930), Vilnius (1944), N. A. Ostrovskii Vinnitsa (1912), S. M. Kirov Vitebsk (1918), P. I. Lebedev-Polianskii Vladimir (1950), Vologda (1930), Voronezh (1931), T. G. Shevchenko Voroshilovgrad (1923), V. G. Korolenko Glazov (1952), Glukhov (1874), Gori (1939), Gorno-Altaisk (1953), A. M. Gorky in Gorky (1919), N. A. Dobroliubov Gorky Foreign Language (1937), Gorlovka Foreign Language (1949), la. Kupala Grodno (1944), Gur’ev (1955), Dagestan (1954, Makhachkala), Daugavpils (1952), 50th Anniversary of the October Revolution Dzhambul (1967), I. Ia. Franko Drogo-bych (1952), and T. G. Shevchenko Dushanbe (1934).

Further pedagogical institutes in the USSR were the Elabuga (1953), Elets (1953), Eniseisk (1954), V. Ia. Briusov Yerevan Russian and Foreign Language (1949), I. Ia. Franko Zhitomir (1919), Zaporozh’e (1930), V. S. Stefanik Ivano-Frankovsk (1940), Izmail (1953), Irkutsk (1920), Ho Chi Minh Irkutsk Foreign Language (1948), Ishim (1954), Kazakh Women’s (1944, Alma-Ata), K. E. Tsiolkovskii Kaluga (1948), V. P. Zatonskii Kamenets-Podol’skii (1921), Kamchatka (1958, Pe-tropavlovsk-na-Kamchatke), T. G. Shevchenko Kara-Kalpak (1944, Nukus), Karachai-Cherkess (1957, Karachaevsk), Karelian (1931, Petrozavodsk), Kh. Alimdzhan Karshi (1956), N. V. Gogol Kyzyl-Orda (1937), V. V. Mayakovsky Kirghiz Women’s (1952, Frunze), G. B. Zardabi Kirovabad (1943), Kirovakan (1969), A. S. Pushkin Kirovograd (1933), V. I. Lenin Kirov (1918), I. Kriange Kishinev (1940), Mukimi Kokand (1954), Ch. Valikhanov Kokchetav (1962), Kolomna (1953), Komi (1932, Syktyvkar), Komsomol’sk-na-Amure (1954), N. A. Nekrasov Kostroma (1949), Krivoi Rog (1930), Kuliab (1953), Kurgan (1952), Kursk (1934), Amangel’dy Kus-tanai (1955), A. Tsulukidze Kutaisi (1933), Kyzyl (1956), S. M. Kirov Leninabad (1934), M. Nalbandian Leninakan (1934), V. Latsis Liepāja (1954), Lipetsk (1954), Lesia Ukrainka Lutsk (1951), Magadan (1961) Magnitogorsk (1938), N. K. Krupskaia Mari (1931, Ioshkar-Ola), Melitopol’ (1933), Michurinsk (1952), Mogilev (1930), N. K. Krupskaia Mozyr’ (1952), M. E. Ev-sev’ev Mordovian (1962, Saransk), Moscow Correspondence (1951), and Murmansk (1956). Other pedagogical institutes were the Niiazi Namangan (1955), Iu. G. Mamedaliev Nakhichevan’ (1972), N. V. Gogol Order of the Red Banner of Labor Nezhin (1820), Nizhnii Tagil (1952), V. G. Belinskii Nikolaev (1913), Novgorod (1953), Novozybkov (1930), Novokuznetsk (1944), K. D. Ushinskii Odessa (1920), A. M. Gorky Omsk (1932), V. P. Chkalov Orenburg (1930), Orekhovo-Zuevo (1950), Orel (1931), T. G. Shevchenko Orsk (1952), Osh (1951), Pavlodar (1962), V. G. Belinskii Penza (1941), Perm’ (1921), K. D. Ushinskii Petropav-lovsk (1955), V. G. Korolenko Poltava (1919), Przheval’sk (1953), S. M. Kirov Pskov (1932), Piatigorsk Foreign Language (1939), D. Z. Manuil’skii Rovno (1953), Rostov (1931, Rostov-on-Don), Riazan’ (1930), S. Aini Samarkand (1967), Saratov (1931), Sverdlovsk (1930), N. K. Krupskaia Semipalatinsk (1937), Slaviansk (1954), K. Marx Smolensk (1918), Stavropol’ (1930), Stepanakert (1973), Sterlitamak (1954), A. S. Maka-renko Sumy (1930), A. M. Gorky Sukhumi (1932), G. Guliam Syr Darya (1967), Taganrog (1953), and Taldy-Kurgan (1973).

Additional pedagogical institutes were the E. Vilde Tallinn (1952), Tambov (1930), Nizami Tashkent (1935), F. Engels Tashkent Foreign Language (1948), Chavchavadze Tbilisi Foreign Language (1948), Ia. Gogebashvili Telavi (1939), M. T. Aibek Termez (1964), Ternopol’ (1969), T. G. Shevchenko Tiraspol’ (1930), D. I. Mendeleev Tobol’sk (1954), Lenin Komsomol Tomsk (1931), L. N. Tolstoy Tula (1938), V. I. Lenin Turkmen (1959, Chardzhou), I. N. Ul’ianov Ul’ianovsk (1932), P. G. Tychina Uman’ (1930), A. S. Pushkin Ural’sk (1932, Ural’sk), Ussuriisk (1954), Ust’-Kamenogorsk (1952), Ulug Beg Fergana (1930), Khabarovsk (1930), G. S. Skovoroda Kharkov (1919), N. K. Krupskaia Kherson (1917), V. I. Lenin Khorezm (1944, Urgench), Saken Seifullin Tselinograd (1962), Cheliabinsk (1935), Cherepovets (1954), 300th Anniversary of the Reunification of the Ukraine and Russia Cherkassy (1930), T. G. Shevchenko Chernigov (1916), N. K. Krupskaia Chimkent (1954), N. G. Chernyshevskii Chita (1938), I. Ia. Iakovlev Chuvash (1930, Cheboksary), Shadrinsk (1954), Shuia (1952), K. Preikšas Ŝiauliai (1954), Iuzhnaia Osetiia (1932, Tskhinvali), and Iuzhno-Sakhalinsk (1954).