| 释义 |
preparation
prep·a·ra·tion P0529200 (prĕp′ə-rā′shən)n.1. The act or process of preparing.2. The state of having been made ready beforehand; readiness.3. often preparations An action done to prepare for something, especially for an event or undertaking: preparations for the opening of the new school.4. A substance, such as a medicine, prepared for a particular purpose.5. Music a. The anticipation of a dissonant tone by means of its introduction as a consonant tone in the preceding chord.b. The dissonant tone so anticipated.preparation (ˌprɛpəˈreɪʃən) n1. the act or process of preparing2. the state of being prepared; readiness3. (often plural) a measure done in order to prepare for something; provision: to make preparations for something. 4. (Pharmacology) something that is prepared, esp a medicinal formulation5. (Education) (esp in a boarding school)a. homeworkb. the period reserved for this. Usually shortened to: prep 6. (Music, other) music a. the anticipation of a dissonance so that the note producing it in one chord is first heard in the preceding chord as a consonanceb. a note so employed7. (Ecclesiastical Terms) (often capital) the preliminary prayers at Mass or divine serviceprep•a•ra•tion (ˌprɛp əˈreɪ ʃən)
n. 1. a proceeding, measure, or provision by which one prepares for something: preparations for a journey. 2. any proceeding, experience, or the like considered as a mode of preparing for the future. 3. an act of preparing. 4. the state of being prepared. 5. something prepared, manufactured, or compounded: a preparation for burns. [1350–1400; Middle English < Latin] Preparation (See also READINESS.) batten down the hatches To prepare for adversity, to ready one’s defenses. The expression is of nautical origin: battens are narrow strips of wood nailed down to secure the edges of the tarpaulin over the hatchways during rough weather at sea. The phrase is commonly used figuratively for the precautions necessary to prepare a dwelling against a literal storm of any sort; and by further extension, to take defensive precautions when faced with any upcoming trial or ordeal. bite the bullet See ENDURANCE. boots and saddle A U. S. Army bugle call for mounted drill and formation. This expression denoting a cavalry trumpet sound is a corruption of the French boutes la selle ‘put on the saddle,’ and consequently has no semantic relationship with boots. However, since boots are logically associated with horsemen, whether cavalry or cowboys, boots and saddle has come to carry connotations of the American West more than of the military. get one-self in gear To ready one-self to take whatever action is necessary; to stop lazing about and get ready to go. This expression may derive from the use of gear, as in put in gear, gear up, or get in gear, all of which in literal use refer to the harnessing of an animal. Another possibility is a more modern use of gear. In this latter sense, in gear applies to the state of parts in which they are connected or meshed with each other. Both possibilities involve the idea of preparation and are plausible explanations for the current use of get one-self in gear. A variant expression is gear one-self up which refers to preparing one-self psychologically, or psyching one-self up to do something demanding or distasteful. get up steam To get up energy, gear one-self up, psych one-self up, motivate one-self. The allusion is to the steam-operated engines formerly used to propel riverboats and locomotives. These engines were powered by boiler-generated steam, a certain amount of which had to be produced before the boat or locomotive could begin moving forward. Because of its use as a power source for engines, steam has come to be used figuratively to mean energy, vigor, drive. The expression appeared in Francis Francis Jr.’s Saddle and Mocassin (1887): “And he [the bull] came for you?”
“When he got up the steam he did.” gird up one’s loins To prime one-self for a test of endurance or preparedness; to ready one-self for scrutiny. The expression appears in Proverbs 31:17: She girdeth her loins with strength, and strengtheneth her arms. The phrase may have derived from the loose-fitting clothes of ancient people, which needed to be tucked in or “girdled,” usually about the loins, in preparation for work. It was necessary, therefore, to gird up our loins and walk. (Leitch Ritchie, Wanderings by the Loire, 1833) The expression is the literary equivalent of the modern get psyched up, a colloquialism for putting one-self into a state of readiness. grit one’s teeth To steel one-self to do what has to be done, to ready one-self for an unpleasant task or experience; to clench or grind one’s teeth in anger or determination; also to set one’s teeth. This expression, which dates from the late 18th century, is an allusion to the involuntary, reflexive clenching of one’s teeth in moments of extreme anger or stress. The duellist gritted his teeth as he cocked the gun a second time. (The Southern Literary Messenger, 1840) pave the way To prepare the way for, to lead up to; to smooth the way, to facilitate or make easier; to be the first step toward. Literal paved roads are, of course, much smoother to travel on than those of dirt and gravel. A variant of the expression was in use as early as the 16th century. It was Einstein who paved the way for the big-bang theory. (Newsweek, March, 1979) screw one-self up to concert pitch To prepare for a particularly challenging task; to ready one-self for superior performance; to psych one-self up. This expression is an extension of the literal meaning of concert pitch, i.e., the slightly higher-than-usual pitch to which instruments are tuned for a concert in order to heighten the effect and brilliance of the music. square off See CONFRONTATION. Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  preparation - the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose; "preparations for the ceremony had begun"readyingfire control - preparation for the delivery of shellfire on a targetactivity - any specific behavior; "they avoided all recreational activity"deployment - the distribution of forces in preparation for battle or workgroundwork - preliminary preparation as a basis or foundation; "we are prepared today because of groundwork that was done ten years ago"makeready - final preparation and adjustmentspriming - the act of making something readyplanning - an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action; "the planning was more fun than the trip itself"turnround, turnaround - act or process of unloading and loading and servicing a vessel or aircraft for a return triptune-up, warm-up, prolusion - exercising in preparation for strenuous activity | | 2. | preparation - a substance prepared according to a formula; "the physician prescribed a commercial preparation of the medicine"formulationcleaner, cleanser, cleansing agent - a preparation used in cleaning somethingchemical compound, compound - (chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weightglycerinated gelatin - a gelatinous preparation made from gelatin and glycerin and water; used as a base for ointments and suppositoriesnebula - a medicinal liquid preparation intended for use in an atomizerpolish - a preparation used in polishingstarch - a commercial preparation of starch that is used to stiffen textile fabrics in launderingsmelling salts - a pungent preparation of ammonium carbonate and perfume; sniffed as a stimulant to relieve faintness | | 3. | preparation - the cognitive process of thinking about what you will do in the event of something happening; "his planning for retirement was hindered by several uncertainties"planning, provisioncerebration, intellection, mentation, thinking, thought process, thought - the process of using your mind to consider something carefully; "thinking always made him frown"; "she paused for thought"arrangement, agreement - the thing arranged or agreed to; "they made arrangements to meet in Chicago"applecart - the planning that is disrupted when someone `upsets the applecart'malice aforethought, mens rea - (law) criminal intent; the thoughts and intentions behind a wrongful act (including knowledge that the act is illegal); often at issue in murder trialscalculation, deliberation - planning something carefully and intentionally; "it was the deliberation of his act that was insulting"forethought, premeditation - planning or plotting in advance of acting | | 4. | preparation - the state of having been made ready or prepared for use or action (especially military action); "putting them in readiness"; "their preparation was more than adequate"preparedness, readinessstate - the way something is with respect to its main attributes; "the current state of knowledge"; "his state of health"; "in a weak financial state"armed forces, armed services, military, military machine, war machine - the military forces of a nation; "their military is the largest in the region"; "the military machine is the same one we faced in 1991 but now it is weaker"ready - poised for action; "their guns were at the ready"alert, qui vive - condition of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action; "bombers were put on alert during the crisis" | | 5. | preparation - (music) a note that produces a dissonant chord is first heard in a consonant chord; "the resolution of one dissonance is often the preparation for another dissonance"music - an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous mannermusical harmony, harmony - the structure of music with respect to the composition and progression of chordsresolution - (music) a dissonant chord is followed by a consonant chord | | 6. |  preparation - activity leading to skilled behaviorgrooming, trainingactivity - any specific behavior; "they avoided all recreational activity"athletic training - the course of practice and exercise and diet undertaken by an athletediscipline - training to improve strength or self-controldrill - (military) the training of soldiers to march (as in ceremonial parades) or to perform the manual of armspractice session, practice, drill, exercise, recitation - systematic training by multiple repetitions; "practice makes perfect"military training - training soldiers in military proceduresretraining - training for a new occupationschooling - the training of an animal (especially the training of a horse for dressage)skull practice, skull session - teaching strategy to an athletic teamtoilet training - training a young child to use the toilet | | 7. |  preparation - preparatory school work done outside school (especially at home)homework, prepschool assignment, schoolwork - a school task performed by a student to satisfy the teacherdidactics, education, educational activity, instruction, pedagogy, teaching - the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill; "he received no formal education"; "our instruction was carefully programmed"; "good classroom teaching is seldom rewarded" | | 8. |  preparation - the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat; "cooking can be a great art"; "people are needed who have experience in cookery"; "he left the preparation of meals to his wife"cookery, cookingchange of state - the act of changing something into something different in essential characteristicsbaking - cooking by dry heat in an oventoasting, browning - cooking to a brown crispiness over a fire or on a grill; "proper toasting should brown both sides of a piece of bread"broil, broiling, grilling - cooking by direct exposure to radiant heat (as over a fire or under a grill)frying, sauteing - cooking in fat or oil in a pan or griddlefusion cooking - cooking that combines ingredients and techniques and seasonings from different cuisinesbraising - cooking slowly in fat in a closed pot with little moisturepoaching - cooking in simmering liquidroasting - cooking (meat) by dry heat in an oven (usually with fat added); "the slow roasting took several hours"simmering, stewing, boiling - cooking in a liquid that has been brought to a boiltenderisation, tenderization - the act of making meat tender by pounding or marinating itpercolation - the act of making coffee in a percolatorseasoning - the act of adding a seasoning to foodcuisine, culinary art - the practice or manner of preparing food or the food so preparedchallah, hallah - (Judaism) a loaf of white bread containing eggs and leavened with yeast; often formed into braided loaves and glazed with eggs before bakingJewish rye, Jewish rye bread - (Judaism) bread made with rye flour; usually contains caraway seedscalamari, calamary, squid - (Italian cuisine) squid prepared as foodcurry - (East Indian cookery) a pungent dish of vegetables or meats flavored with curry powder and usually eaten with ricebrown sauce, Chinese brown sauce - a sauce based on soy saucecaramelise, caramelize - convert to caramelcaramelise, caramelize - be converted into caramel; "The sugar caramelized"alcoholise, alcoholize - make alcoholic, as by fermenting; "alcoholize prunes"alcoholise, alcoholize - treat or infuse with alcohol; "alcoholize the fruit and let them sit in the refrigerator"conserve - preserve with sugar; "Mom always conserved the strawberries we grew in the backyard"pickle - preserve in a pickling liquidsalt - preserve with salt; "people used to salt meats on ships"marinade, marinate - soak in marinade; "marinade herring"can, tin, put up - preserve in a can or tin; "tinned foods are not very tasty"brine - soak in brinefortify, lace, spike - add alcohol to (beverages); "the punch is spiked!"fortify - add nutrients to; "fortified milk"boil down, concentrate, reduce - cook until very little liquid is left; "The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time"boil down, decoct, concentrate, reduce - be cooked until very little liquid is left; "The sauce should reduce to one cup"bake - cook and make edible by putting in a hot oven; "bake the potatoes"ovenbake - bake in an oven; "ovenbake this chicken"brown - fry in a pan until it changes color; "brown the meat in the pan"coddle - cook in nearly boiling water; "coddle eggs"fire - bake in a kiln so as to harden; "fire pottery"farce, stuff - fill with a stuffing while cooking; "Have you stuffed the turkey yet?"baste - cover with liquid before cooking; "baste a roast"souse - cook in a marinade; "souse herring"micro-cook, microwave, nuke, zap - cook or heat in a microwave oven; "You can microwave the leftovers"crispen, toast, crisp - make brown and crisp by heating; "toast bread"; "crisp potatoes"shirr - bake (eggs) in their shells until they are set; "shirr the eggs"parboil, blanch - cook (vegetables) briefly; "Parboil the beans before freezing them"overboil - boil excessively; "The peas are overboiled"fricassee - make a fricassee of by cooking; "fricassee meats"stew - cook slowly and for a long time in liquid; "Stew the vegetables in wine"jug - stew in an earthenware jug; "jug the rabbit"simmer - boil slowly at low temperature; "simmer the sauce"; "simmering water"roast - cook with dry heat, usually in an oven; "roast the turkey"barbecue, barbeque, cook out - cook outdoors on a barbecue grill; "let's barbecue that meat"; "We cooked out in the forest" |
preparationnoun1. groundwork, development, preparing, arranging, devising, getting ready, thinking-up, putting in order Behind any successful event lies months of preparation.2. readiness, expectation, provision, safeguard, precaution, anticipation, foresight, preparedness, alertness a military build-up in preparation for war3. (usually plural) arrangement, plan, measure, provision Final preparations are under way for the celebration.4. mixture, cream, medicine, compound, composition, lotion, concoction, amalgam, ointment, tincture a specially formulated natural skin preparationpreparationnoun1. The condition of being made ready beforehand:preparedness, readiness.2. A plan made in preparation for an undertaking.Often used in plural:arrangement (often used in plural), provision (often used in plural).Translationsprepare (priˈpeə) verb to make or get ready. Have you prepared your speech for Thursday?; My mother prepared a meal; He prepared to go out; Prepare yourself for a shock. 準備 准备preparation (prepəˈreiʃən) noun1. the act of preparing. You can't pass an exam without preparation. 準備 准备2. something done to prepare. She was making hasty preparations for her departure. 預備的東西 预备的东西preparatory (-ˈpӕrə-) adjective acting as an introduction or in order to prepare for something. Political leaders have agreed to meet for preparatory talks about an end to the war. 預備(性)的 预备（性）的 preˈpared adjective (negative unprepared) made ready. 有準備的 有准备的preparatory school (-ˈpӕrə-) 1. a private school which educates children in preparation for a senior school (abbreviation prep school (prep-) ). 私立預備學校(為升入高級中學) 预备学校2. (American) a private secondary school preparing students for college. 預科 预科be prepared (of a person) to be ready (for something, to do something etc). We must be prepared for a disappointment; I'm not prepared (=willing) to lend him more money; The motto of the Scouts is `Be Prepared!'. 對作某事有充分準備 对作某事有充分准备
preparation
preparation1. something that is prepared, esp a medicinal formulation 2. esp in a boarding schoola. homework b. the period reserved for this 3. Musica. the anticipation of a dissonance so that the note producing it in one chord is first heard in the preceding chord as a consonance b. a note so employed 4. the preliminary prayers at Mass or divine service Preparation the making of animal and plant specimens, including fossils, for study. To prepare organisms for anatomical study, animals are dissected, and plants are dismembered. The separate organs or organ systems are placed in fixative fluids. For making total preparations, animal organs are set right and stained, the circulatory and respiratory systems are filled with slightly jelling mastics or plastics, and, sometimes, sections are made of certain organs. If necessary, the organs are attached to a supporting plate. For plant preparation, longitudinal, radial, tangential, transverse, and superficial sections of organs are made. Skeletons and chitinous and limestone carapaces, as well as the conducting systems of plants, are freed from the soft tissues by maceration or by boiling in special solutions, such as caustic alkalies. Mammals, birds, and reptiles can be stuffed (taxidermy), and, in some cases, the skin coverings are dried and mounted. A special form of plant preparation is the mounting of an herbarium. Microscopic preparation of objects (entire microorganisms, separate organs, organ parts, tissues, cells, intracellular formations, molecular and submolecular structures) involves a very exact procedure. A wide range of fixatives, stains, and reagents for dehydration, clarification, impregnation, and differentiated separation of the objects under examination is used. The making of temporary or permanent specimens involves enclosing the specially treated object between a microscope slide and a cover glass (seeMICROTECHNIQUE). The preparation of fossil objects involves freeing them from their enclosing rock. The cleaned objects are then impregnated with various fixing substances and covered with special lacquers. Imprints of organisms on an enclosing rock (usually including fragments of organs) are fixed and preserved on parts of the rock. REFERENCESProkhorov, M. G. Instruktsiia dlia raskopok, preparovki i montirovki iskopaemykh pozvonochnykh, 2nd ed. Leningrad, 1931.
Komarov, V. L. Prakticheskii kurs anatomii rastenii, 8th ed. Moscow-Leningrad, 1941.
Romeis, B. Mikroskopicheskaia tekhnika. Moscow, 1954. (Translated from German.)
Dal’, K. K. Posobie dlia rabotnikov anatomo-zoologicheskikh muzeev i kafedr biologii. Dushanbe, 1965.
Zaslavskii, M. A. Izgotovlenie chuchel, muliazhei i modelei zhivotnykh. Obshchaia taksidermiia. Leningrad, 1968.
Kukhtina, Zh. M. Rukovodstvo k prakticheskim zaniatiiam po tsitologii. Moscow, 1971.O. L. ROSSOLIMO preparation
preparation [prep″ah-ra´shun] the act or process of making ready.childbirth preparation in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as providing information and support to facilitate childbirth" >childbirth and to enhance the ability of an individual to develop and perform the role of parent.surgical preparation in the nursing interventions classification, a intervention" >nursing intervention defined as providing care to a patient immediately prior to surgery and verification of required procedures or tests and documentation in the clinical record.prep·a·ra·tion (prep'ă-rā'shŭn), 1. The act of making or getting ready. 2. Something made ready, as a medicine or other mixture, or a histologic specimen. [L. praeparatio, fr. prae, before, + paro, pp. -atus, to get ready] preparation (prĕp′ə-rā′shən)n.1. The act or process of preparing.2. A substance, such as a medicine, prepared for a particular purpose.prep·a·ra·tion (prep'ă-rā'shŭn) 1. The act of making or getting ready. 2. Something made ready, e.g., medicine. [L. praeparatio, fr. prae, before, + paro, pp. -atus, to get ready]Patient discussion about preparationQ. Getting prepared for chemo Hi, I have breast cancer, and I’m planned to start chemotherapy in a short time. Do you have any advice how should I prepare for it? What to buy? The anti-emesis drugs are already waiting- any other thing I should get?A. A surgical face mask – if you find yourself in a close place and someone starts to cough or sneeze, you can protect yourself. Q. A tumor was discovered in my kidney how should I prepare myself to the future events? A. sorry to hear...there are all sorts of tumors in kidneys but generally i recommend first of all talking to your family and explain the situation. but only after you understand what it is and what that means. you will need a lot of support and you don't want to leave your loved ones in the darkness about it. believe me that is the basic in preparing yourself to any tumor therapy.
good luck!!
you'll be fine i'm sure!! Q. what are the most common problems women tend to develop during pregnancy? how would i prepare for it??? A. Needing to urinate more often...i think every one has it. because of pregnancy hormones and growing baby presses on her bladder- she needs to go to the bathroom every 5 minutes. it looks pretty annoying. i'm not sure there is something to do with it. More discussions about preparationpreparation
Synonyms for preparationnoun groundworkSynonyms- groundwork
- development
- preparing
- arranging
- devising
- getting ready
- thinking-up
- putting in order
noun readinessSynonyms- readiness
- expectation
- provision
- safeguard
- precaution
- anticipation
- foresight
- preparedness
- alertness
noun arrangementSynonyms- arrangement
- plan
- measure
- provision
noun mixtureSynonyms- mixture
- cream
- medicine
- compound
- composition
- lotion
- concoction
- amalgam
- ointment
- tincture
Synonyms for preparationnoun the condition of being made ready beforehandSynonymsnoun a plan made in preparation for an undertakingSynonyms |