| 释义 |
prejudice
prej·u·dice P0523100 (prĕj′ə-dĭs)n.1. a. The act or state of holding unreasonable preconceived judgments or convictions: "This is not actually a volume of the best short stories ... These are just the stories that I like best, and I am full of prejudice and strong opinions" (Ann Patchett).b. An adverse judgment or opinion formed unfairly or without knowledge of the facts: a boy with a prejudice against unfamiliar foods.2. Irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular social group, such as a race or the adherents of a religion.3. a. Detriment or harm caused to a person, especially in a legal case: The delay operated to her prejudice.b. Preclusionary effect, preventing further pursuit of one's interests: The case was dismissed with prejudice.tr.v. prej·u·diced, prej·u·dic·ing, prej·u·dic·es 1. To fill with prejudice or cause to judge with prejudice. See Synonyms at bias.2. To affect detrimentally or harmfully by a judgment or act.
[Middle English, from Old French, from Latin praeiūdicium : prae-, pre- + iūdicium, judgment (from iūdex, iūdic-, judge; see deik- in Indo-European roots).]prejudice (ˈprɛdʒʊdɪs) n1. an opinion formed beforehand, esp an unfavourable one based on inadequate facts2. the act or condition of holding such opinions3. intolerance of or dislike for people of a specific race, religion, etc4. disadvantage or injury resulting from prejudice5. to the prejudice of to the detriment of6. (Law) without prejudice law without dismissing or detracting from an existing right or claimvb (tr) 7. to cause to be prejudiced8. to disadvantage or injure by prejudice[C13: from Old French préjudice, from Latin praejūdicium a preceding judgment, disadvantage, from prae before + jūdicium trial, sentence, from jūdex a judge]prej•u•dice (ˈprɛdʒ ə dɪs)
n., v. -diced, -dic•ing. n. 1. an unfavorable opinion or feeling formed beforehand or without knowledge, thought, or reason. 2. any preconceived opinion or feeling, either favorable or unfavorable. 3. unreasonable feelings, opinions, or attitudes, esp. of a hostile nature, regarding a racial, religious, or national group. 4. such attitudes considered collectively: The war against prejudice is never-ending. 5. damage or injury; detriment: a law that operated to the prejudice of the majority. v.t. 6. to affect with a prejudice. [1250–1300; Middle English < Old French < Latin praejūdicium prejudgment, orig. preliminary or previous judicial inquiry] syn: See bias. prejudice - Originally meant harm or injury caused to a person resulting from a disregard for their rights; it is from Latin, meaning "to judge beforehand."See also related terms for rights.Prejudice (See also PREFERENCE, RACISM.) a jaundiced eye A prejudiced perspective or point of view; a skeptical, critical attitude; distorted vision that perceives everything as faulty, inferior, or undesirable. The disease of jaundice gives a yellowish cast to the whites of the eyes. This phrase is based on the assumption that everything appears “yellow”—i.e., negative, distorted—to such eyes. All seems infected that the infected spy,
As all looks yellow to the jaundiced eye.
(Alexander Pope, An Essay on Criticism, 1709) look through blue glasses To see things in a preconceived, usually distorted light; to be biased, to be unable to see things for what they are. This expression plays on the negative connotations often carried by the color “blue.” The image of spectacles gives tangible form to the nonmaterial prejudice which colors one’s perceptions. nothing like leather An expression mocking one who has a chauvinistic attitude toward his own craft or field. Attributed to an Aesop fable, nothing like leather was popularized by the following anonymous verse which explains its origin. A town feared a siege, and held consultation
Which was the best method of fortification;
A grave, skilful mason said in his opinion
Nothing but stone could secure the dominion.
A carpenter said, “Though that was well spoke,
It was better by far to defend it with oak.”
A currier, wiser than both these together,
Said, “Try what you please, there’s nothing like leather.” prejudice
Past participle: prejudiced
Gerund: prejudicing
| Imperative |
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| prejudice | | prejudice |
| Present |
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| I prejudice | | you prejudice | | he/she/it prejudices | | we prejudice | | you prejudice | | they prejudice |
| Preterite |
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| I prejudiced | | you prejudiced | | he/she/it prejudiced | | we prejudiced | | you prejudiced | | they prejudiced |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am prejudicing | | you are prejudicing | | he/she/it is prejudicing | | we are prejudicing | | you are prejudicing | | they are prejudicing |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have prejudiced | | you have prejudiced | | he/she/it has prejudiced | | we have prejudiced | | you have prejudiced | | they have prejudiced |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was prejudicing | | you were prejudicing | | he/she/it was prejudicing | | we were prejudicing | | you were prejudicing | | they were prejudicing |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had prejudiced | | you had prejudiced | | he/she/it had prejudiced | | we had prejudiced | | you had prejudiced | | they had prejudiced |
| Future |
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| I will prejudice | | you will prejudice | | he/she/it will prejudice | | we will prejudice | | you will prejudice | | they will prejudice |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have prejudiced | | you will have prejudiced | | he/she/it will have prejudiced | | we will have prejudiced | | you will have prejudiced | | they will have prejudiced |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be prejudicing | | you will be prejudicing | | he/she/it will be prejudicing | | we will be prejudicing | | you will be prejudicing | | they will be prejudicing |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been prejudicing | | you have been prejudicing | | he/she/it has been prejudicing | | we have been prejudicing | | you have been prejudicing | | they have been prejudicing |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been prejudicing | | you will have been prejudicing | | he/she/it will have been prejudicing | | we will have been prejudicing | | you will have been prejudicing | | they will have been prejudicing |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been prejudicing | | you had been prejudicing | | he/she/it had been prejudicing | | we had been prejudicing | | you had been prejudicing | | they had been prejudicing |
| Conditional |
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| I would prejudice | | you would prejudice | | he/she/it would prejudice | | we would prejudice | | you would prejudice | | they would prejudice |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have prejudiced | | you would have prejudiced | | he/she/it would have prejudiced | | we would have prejudiced | | you would have prejudiced | | they would have prejudiced |
Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | prejudice - a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situationbias, preconceptiontaboo, tabu - a prejudice (especially in Polynesia and other South Pacific islands) that prohibits the use or mention of something because of its sacred natureirrational hostility - extreme prejudicepartisanship, partiality - an inclination to favor one group or view or opinion over alternativesexperimenter bias - (psychology) bias introduced by an experimenter whose expectations about the outcome of the experiment can be subtly communicated to the participants in the experimenthomophobia - prejudice against (fear or dislike of) homosexual people and homosexualityIslamophobia - prejudice against Muslims; "Muslim intellectuals are afraid of growing Islamophobia in the West"racism - the prejudice that members of one race are intrinsically superior to members of other racestendentiousness - an intentional and controversial bias | | Verb | 1. | prejudice - disadvantage by prejudicejustice - judgment involved in the determination of rights and the assignment of rewards and punishmentsdisadvantage, disfavor, disfavour - put at a disadvantage; hinder, harm; "This rule clearly disadvantages me" | | 2. | prejudice - influence (somebody's) opinion in advanceprepossessbias, predetermine - cause to be biasedbias - influence in an unfair way; "you are biasing my choice by telling me yours"act upon, influence, work - have and exert influence or effect; "The artist's work influenced the young painter"; "She worked on her friends to support the political candidate" |
prejudicenoun1. discrimination, racism, injustice, sexism, intolerance, bigotry, unfairness, chauvinism, narrow-mindedness a victim of racial prejudice2. bias, preconception, partiality, preconceived notion, warp, jaundiced eye, prejudgment the male prejudices which Dr Greer identifies3. harm, damage, hurt, disadvantage, loss, mischief, detriment, impairment I feel sure it can be done without prejudice to anybody's principles.verb1. bias, influence, colour, poison, distort, sway, warp, slant, predispose, jaundice, prepossess I think your upbringing has prejudiced you.2. harm, damage, hurt, injure, mar, undermine, spoil, impair, hinder He claimed that the media coverage had prejudiced his chance of a fair trial.Quotations
"Drive out prejudices through the door, and they will return through the window" [Frederick the Great letter to Voltaire]prejudicenoun1. An inclination for or against that inhibits impartial judgment:bias, one-sidedness, partiality, partisanship, prepossession, tendentiousness.2. Irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular group, race, or religion:bigotry, intolerance.verb1. To cause to have a prejudiced view:bias, jaundice, prepossess, warp.2. To spoil the soundness or perfection of:blemish, damage, detract from, disserve, flaw, harm, hurt, impair, injure, mar, tarnish, vitiate.Translationsprejudice (ˈpredʒədis) noun (an) opinion or feeling for or especially against something, formed unfairly or unreasonably ie without proper knowledge. The jury must listen to his statement without prejudice; Is racial prejudice (= dislike of people because of their race) increasing in this country? 偏見 偏见 verb1. to cause to feel prejudice for or against something. 使抱有偏見 使抱有偏见2. to harm or endanger (a person's position, prospects etc) in some way. Your terrible handwriting will prejudice your chances of passing the exam. 損害，不利於 损害，不利于 ˈprejudiced adjective having or showing prejudice. a prejudiced attitude to people of other races; Don't be so prejudiced. 有偏見的 有偏见的
prejudice
terminate (someone) with extreme prejudiceTo kill someone without hesitation, mercy, or discernment. The general warned the rebels that they must either surrender or be terminated with extreme prejudice. We must terminate these terrorists with extreme prejudice to ensure the safety of our country.See also: extreme, prejudice, terminatekill (someone) with extreme prejudiceTo kill someone without hesitation, mercy, or discernment. The general warned the rebels that they must either surrender or be killed with extreme prejudice. We must kill these terrorists with extreme prejudice to ensure the safety of our country.See also: extreme, kill, prejudicewithout prejudice1. Without any detriment to or waiver of an existing or inherent legal right or claim. A: "But didn't the judge already decided the case in our favor?" B: "No, he dismissed it, but without prejudice, so the other party has the right to open another lawsuit against us."2. Of an offer, not to be admissible in a court of law, especially as an admission or liability or guilt. The company offered to settle out of court for $250,000 without prejudice for the accident.See also: prejudice, withoutprejudice (one) against (someone or something)To cause one to have a prejudicial and unfavorable opinion of someone or something. Don't let one bad experience prejudice you against trying snowboarding again! You shouldn't let her former employers' reputation prejudice you against her—she would make a valuable addition to your team.See also: prejudiceprejudice someone or something against someone or somethingto turn someone or a group against someone or something. I believe that the lawyer was trying to prejudice the jury against the defendant. The discussion about how calves are raised prejudiced me against eating veal.See also: prejudiceterminate someone with extreme prejudice murder or assassinate someone. euphemistic, chiefly US The expression originated in the terminology of the Central Intelligence Agency in the 1970s.See also: extreme, prejudice, someone, terminatewithout ˈprejudice (to something) (law) without affecting any other legal matter: They agreed to pay compensation without prejudice (= without admitting guilt).See also: prejudice, withoutprejudice
prejudice, unsubstantiated prejudgment of an individual or group, favorable or unfavorable in character, tending to action in a consonant direction. The hostility that prejudice can engender and the discrimination to which it may lead on the part of a dominant population toward an ethnic group, gender, religious or linguistic minority have caused great human suffering throughout history. Some researchers attribute prejudice to deep-rooted "fear of the stranger," while others cite religious or nationalist chauvinism, and fear of economic competition. Most, however, agree that prejudice is learned and can be reduced when members of different communities work together toward the realization of a common goal or when groups intermarry. Since prejudice and discrimination each contribute to the origin and growth of the other, prejudice can be reduced by removing discrimination, and a change in discriminatory institutions usually leads to a change in attitudes. Bibliography See G. Allport, the Nature of Prejudice (1979); R. Williams, Mutual Accommodation (1979); T. Pettigrew, Sociology of Race Relations (1980). prejudice any opinion or ATTITUDE which is unjustified by the facts. The term tends to have a negative connotation both because a prejudiced person's opinions are unfounded and often not formed through first-hand experience, and also because the attitudes described are usually negative in relation to the object they are held about. However, one can hold a positive but prejudiced attitude. Prejudice has been related to personality type (see AUTHORITARIAN PERSONALITY), and also to group membership. As with all attitudes, prejudices are the result of social learning within families and other social groups where opportunities for modelling and strong pressures towards conformity exist. See also STEREOTYPE, ETHNOCENTRISM.Prejudice an opinion that precedes reason and is adopted uncritically, without reflection. The Russian term for “prejudice” is also applied to irrational components of social and individual consciousness, including superstitions associated with religion. A prejudice is an unfavorable social attitude toward some phenomenon. Not based on critically tested experience, stereotyped and emotionally colored, it is nevertheless highly stable and not very susceptible to change in the face of rational information. Ethnic and racial prejudices are especially persistent. Prejudices also exist in other spheres of social psychology. Like any sociopsychological stereotype, ethnic prejudice has dual roots—socioeconomic and psychological. Ethnic prejudices and feelings of racial and national enmity are rooted in the objective conditions of social life, which place people in hostile relations with each other. Distrust and suspicion of the “outsider” were already entrenched in the ethnocentrism of primitive thought, which by necessity was limited to the framework of one’s own clan and tribe. “We” was defined through correlation and opposition with some other group— “them.” With the development of exchange and intertribal contact, people’s notions about other ethnic communities became more complex, but the content and emotional coloration of these notions always reflected the specific history of the interrelations of the respective groups. Neutral or friendly relations engendered neutral or positive stereotypes. A dependent, subordinate group with a lower level of civilization would draw a condescending and contemptuous attitude and would be represented with traits of childlike naïvete and intellectual inferiority (the typical image of the “native” in 19th century colonial folklore). A rival group, conversely, would be perceived as hostile and dangerous; its members would be represented with traits of aggressiveness, craftiness, and moral unreliability. The appropriate stereotypes would be solidly entrenched in the mass consciousness and sanctified by religion. In an antagonistic class society, ethnic prejudices not only grow spontaneously out of the depths of mass psychology as specific, albeit distorted, forms of symbolization of social conflicts, but they are also consciously disseminated and propagated by reactionary classes in order to disunite the working people and divert their attention from fundamental social problems. Hence the essential prerequisites for eliminating all national and racial prejudices are the destruction of classes and of exploitation of man by man and wide-scale educational work in a socialist society. However, prejudice is not only a social but also a psychological phenomenon. A stereotype that is one and the same in terms of objective content may in one instance be simply a means of adaptation to a social situation—for example, racist attitudes in a society where racial inequality is the norm—while in another it is a defense mechanism for an individual who projects onto an “outsider” his own, unrecognized, qualities. A psychological interpretation of national and other prejudices that claims to replace a sociohistorical and class-oriented analysis is reactionary and untenable. However, the study of the dialectics of cognitive, emotional, and volitional components of prejudice or the relationship between social attitude and real behavior is of great importance for developing effective methods of upbringing. I. S. KON prejudice without prejudice Law without dismissing or detracting from an existing right or claim prejudice
prejudice1. A preconceived judgment or opinion formed without factual knowledge.2. Irrational hostility, hatred, or suspicion of a particular group, race, or religion.prejudice The maintenance of an adverse opinion about a person or class of persons in spite of evidence to the contrary. This is a common characteristic of the human being and is linked with the habit of arguing illogically from the particular to the general and the tendency to irrational chauvinism.Prejudice
Related to Prejudice: Without prejudicePrejudiceA forejudgment; bias; partiality; preconceived opinion. A leaning toward one side of a cause for some reason other than a conviction of its justice. A juror can be disqualified from a case for being prejudiced, if his or her views on a subject or attitude toward a party will unduly influence the final decision. When a lawsuit is dismissed Without Prejudice, it signifies that none of the rights or privileges of the individual involved are considered to be lost or waived. The same holds true when an admission is made or when a motion is denied with the designation without prejudice. A dismissal without prejudice permits a new lawsuit to be brought on the same grounds because no decision has been reached about the controversy on its merits. The whole subject in litigation is as much open to a subsequent suit as if no suit had ever been brought. The purpose and effect of the words without prejudice in a judgment, order, or decree dismissing a suit are to prohibit the defendant from using the defense of Res Judicata in any later action by the same plaintiff on the subject matter. A dismissal with prejudice, however, is a bar to relitigation of the subject matter. A decision resulting in prejudicial error substantially affects an appellant's legal rights and is often the ground for a reversal of the judgment and for the granting of a new trial. PREJUDICE. To decide beforehand; to lean in favor of one side of a cause for some reason or other than its justice.
2. A judge ought to be without prejudice, and he cannot therefore sit in a case where he has any interest, or when a near relation is a part, or where he has been of counsel for one of the parties. Vide Judge.
3. In the civil law prejudice signifies a tort or injury; as the act of one man should never prejudice another. Dig. 60, 17, 74. prejudice
Related to prejudice: Without prejudiceSynonyms for prejudicenoun discriminationSynonyms- discrimination
- racism
- injustice
- sexism
- intolerance
- bigotry
- unfairness
- chauvinism
- narrow-mindedness
noun biasSynonyms- bias
- preconception
- partiality
- preconceived notion
- warp
- jaundiced eye
- prejudgment
noun harmSynonyms- harm
- damage
- hurt
- disadvantage
- loss
- mischief
- detriment
- impairment
verb biasSynonyms- bias
- influence
- colour
- poison
- distort
- sway
- warp
- slant
- predispose
- jaundice
- prepossess
verb harmSynonyms- harm
- damage
- hurt
- injure
- mar
- undermine
- spoil
- impair
- hinder
Synonyms for prejudicenoun an inclination for or against that inhibits impartial judgmentSynonyms- bias
- one-sidedness
- partiality
- partisanship
- prepossession
- tendentiousness
noun irrational suspicion or hatred of a particular group, race, or religionSynonymsverb to cause to have a prejudiced viewSynonyms- bias
- jaundice
- prepossess
- warp
verb to spoil the soundness or perfection ofSynonyms- blemish
- damage
- detract from
- disserve
- flaw
- harm
- hurt
- impair
- injure
- mar
- tarnish
- vitiate
Synonyms for prejudicenoun a partiality that prevents objective consideration of an issue or situationSynonymsRelated Words- taboo
- tabu
- irrational hostility
- partisanship
- partiality
- experimenter bias
- homophobia
- Islamophobia
- racism
- tendentiousness
verb disadvantage by prejudiceRelated Words- justice
- disadvantage
- disfavor
- disfavour
verb influence (somebody's) opinion in advanceSynonymsRelated Words- bias
- predetermine
- act upon
- influence
- work
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