| 释义 |
anomieenUK
an·o·mie or an·o·my A0321000 (ăn′ə-mē)n.1. Social instability caused by erosion of standards and values.2. Alienation and purposelessness experienced by a person or a class as a result of a lack of standards, values, or ideals: "We must now brace ourselves for disquisitions on peer pressure, adolescent anomie and rage" (Charles Krauthammer).
[French, from Greek anomiā, lawlessness, from anomos, lawless : a-, without; see a-1 + nomos, law; see nem- in Indo-European roots.]
a·nom′ic (ə-nŏm′ĭk, ə-nō′mĭk) adj.anomie (ˈænəʊmɪ) or anomyn (Sociology) sociol lack of social or moral standards in an individual or society[from Greek anomia lawlessness, from a-1 + nomos law] anomic adjan•o•mie or an•o•my (ˈæn əˌmi)
n. a condition of an individual or of society characterized by a breakdown or absence of norms and values or a sense of dislocation and alienation. [1930–35; < French < Greek anomía lawlessness. See a-6, -nomy] a•nom•ic (əˈnɒm ɪk) adj. mores, anomie - Mores is the Latin plural of mor/mos and means "acquired customs and manners"; social and moral conventions are mores, and the lack of these is anomie.See also related terms for social.anomie, anomy, anomiaa state or condition of individuals or society characterized by an absence or breakdown of social and legal norms and values, as in the case of an uprooted people. — anomic, adj.See also: Lawanomie1. A term introduced by Durkheim to refer to a situation where the conditions for happiness are absent. Durkheim argued that one of the conditions for happiness was that there should be clear norms governing social behavior. The absence of these norms resulted in anomie and unhappiness.2. A feeling of anxiety, hopelessness, and lack of purpose caused by the absence or breakdown of standards and values in society.Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  anomie - personal state of isolation and anxiety resulting from a lack of social control and regulationanomyisolation - a state of separation between persons or groups | | 2. | anomie - lack of moral standards in a societyanomyimmorality - the quality of not being in accord with standards of right or good conduct; "the immorality of basing the defense of the West on the threat of mutual assured destruction" |
TranslationsanomieenUK
anomie, a social condition characterized by instability, the breakdown of social norms, institutional disorganization, and a divorce between socially valid goals and available means for achieving them. Introduced into sociology by Emile DurkheimDurkheim, Émile
, 1858–1917, French sociologist. Along with Max Weber he is considered one of the chief founders of modern sociology. Educated in France and Germany, Durkheim taught social science at the Univ. of Bordeaux and the Sorbonne.
..... Click the link for more information. in his study Suicide (1897), anomie also refers to the psychological condition—of rootlessness, futility, anxiety, and amorality—afflicting individuals who live under such conditions. The importance of anomie as a cause of deviant behavior received further elaboration by Robert K. MertonMerton, Robert King,
1910–2003, American sociologist, b. Philadelphia as Meyer Schkolnick, grad. Temple Univ. (A.B., 1931) and Harvard (M.A., 1932; Ph.D., 1936). From 1941 on he was a professor of sociology at Columbia Univ.
..... Click the link for more information. . Fig. 1 Anomie. Merton's typology. anomie or anomy - (literally ‘without norms’ – a concept introduced into sociology by DURKHEIM) a condition of society or of personal relation to society in which there exists little consensus, a lack of certainty on values or goals, and a loss of effectiveness in the normative and moral framework which regulates collective and individual life.
- (a specification by Robert MERTON (1949) of Durkheim's concept) social situations and individual orientations in which a mismatch exists between culturally defined goals and the availability of institutionalized means of achieving these goals (e.g. the social conditions in which organized crime flourished in the US during the Depression).
The view of human nature held by Durkheim stands in the tradition of Thomas HOBBES, namely that there is no ‘natural’or inbuilt limit to the desires, ambitions or needs of individuals. For Durkheim, the required limits must be socially produced. Anomie exists, and unhappiness and social disorders result, when society fails to provide a limiting framework of social norms. As Durkheim sees it, anomie is an ‘abnormal’ social form, resulting from the failure of modern societies to move fully from the MECHANICAL SOLIDARITY characteristic of premodern societies to the ORGANIC SOLIDARITY which would come to typify modern societies. Durkheim saw anomie as pervasive in modern societies. For example, an anomic division of labour existed because occupations were not allocated according to talents. In more general terms, economic activity in these societies remained essentially unregulated. In Suicide (1897), Durkheim claims to demonstrate a correlation between rates of suicide and anomic social situations, for instance, a correlation between suicide rates and divorce rates. It should be noted that anomie can arise from an upward spiralling of social expectations (e.g. from new wealth or opportunities) as well as from more obviously adverse conditions. As reformulated by Merton, anomie becomes a concept used in the analysis of DEVIANCE. What Merton suggests is that whenever there exists any disjuncture between culturally defined goals and the socially approved means available to individuals or groups, four logically possible responses are available (see Fig. 1): - ‘innovation’, i.e. crime or other socially disapproved means to achieve approved goals;
- ‘ritualism’, i.e. going through the motions of pursuing approved means with no prospect or expectation of success;
- ‘retreatism’, i.e. simply opting out;
- ‘rebellion’, i.e. seeking to change the system.
If Durkheim's focus on anomie can be seen as arising from a moral conservatism mixed with a social radicalism. Merton's approach reveals how anomie may be a source of social innovation as well as a locus of social problems. anomie[′an·ə·mē] (psychology) Apathy, alienation, and personal distress resulting from a lack of purpose or ideals. anomieenUK
an·o·mie (an'ō-mē), 1. Lawlessness; absence or weakening of social norms or values, with corresponding erosion of social cohesion. 2. In psychiatry, absence or weakening of individual norms or values; characterized by anxiety, isolation, and personal disorientation. [Fr., fr. G. anomia, lawlessness] anomie Neurology
Nominal aphasia, anomic aphasia.
Psychiatry
Alienation.
Social medicine
Lawlessness; bereft of societal control or unresponsiveness to social norms; e.g., sociopathy.an·o·mie (an'ŏ-mē) Social instability as a result of a loss of accepted standards and values. [Fr., fr. G. anomia, lawlessness]anomie Lack of moral principle, whether in an individual or in a society.anomieenUK
anomie a state of normlessness (i.e. a sense of confusion and loss about values and personal objectives) which French sociologist Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) believed could arise from the disruption of community caused by growing specialization in the division of labour. It could be expressed in job dissatisfaction and ‘deviant’ behaviour at work. The solution was to create a sense of community appropriate to the new division of labour. See ALIENATION, HUMAN RELATIONS, JOB SATISFACTION.anomieenUK
Synonyms for anomienoun personal state of isolation and anxiety resulting from a lack of social control and regulationSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun lack of moral standards in a societySynonymsRelated Words |