| 释义 |
DictionarySeeaxonAxon Reflex
Axon Reflex a reflexive reaction that proceeds—in contrast to a genuine reflex—without the participation of central nervous mechanisms. In the axon reflex, excitation arising in the peripheral nerve ending is transferred at the branching point of the afferent fiber from one branch to another, producing a definite physiological effect. Dilatation of peripheral blood vessels when the skin is irritated may serve as an example of the axon reflex. Reactions of the axon reflex type were first observed by N. M. Sokovnin in 1873 in the urinary bladder of a cat. In 1893 they were described by the English physiologist J. N. Langley, who called them axon reflexes. G. N. KASSIL’ axon reflex
ax·on re·flexa response elicited by peripheral nerve stimulation; attributed to impulses traveling proximally from the stimulation site along motor axons, encountering a branch point, and then passing distally down the other branch to activate local arterioles (to cause vasodilation) or muscle (to cause contractions). Latency of the response decreases with more proximal stimulation; axon reflex is eliminated by axon degeneration or strong stimuli but not by proximal anesthetic blocks of the nerve.axon reflex A localised response executed by a bifucated axon, where activation of one limb of the axon causes excitation of its collateral, resulting in the release of neurotransmitters—e.g., calcitonin gene-related peptide, and substance P—producing effects on innervated cells.
Axon reflex effects
Submucosal vasodilation, duodenal secretion of bicarbonates, mast-cell degranulation. |